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Original article:-Community Medicine
Aditya Suryabhan Berad* & Prabhakar Gangadhar Anwekar
MD (Community Medicine), Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Index Medical College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh-452016,India.
Aims and objective of study:- To find the prevalence of depressive symptoms in women and to study various socio-demographic factors responsible for the depression. Material and Methods: The study was undertaken in the rural field practice area of the department of Community Medicine, Index Medical College Hospital and Research Center in Indore district of Madhya Pradesh. 124 women from 15-45 years age group were interviewed using the Center for Epidemiological study-Depression scale (CES-D). Results: The prevalence of depression in women whose score was more than 16 on the CES-D scale was found to be 61.3%. The mean CES-D score for entire sample was 21.8 and was 31.04 for women scoring over 16 on the CES-D. A significantly higher rate of current depressive symptoms was observed in women of 15 to 35 years age group. Similarly a significantly higher rate of current depressive symptoms was observed in women from the nuclear family. Current depressive symptoms were significantly more common in women who had current medical and social problems as compared to women who did not. Conclusion: The prevalence of depressive symptoms reported in the study was comparable to past studies. Among the factors associated with current depressive symptoms, the important were age, type of family, current medical and social problems.
Keywords:-Depression,Women,CES-D.
Research article:- Medicine,
Krithika D Muralidhara1*, Prabha Adhikari2, Kotian MS3 & Muralidhara DV4
1MBBS, MD, (Senior Registrar), Fr Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India.
2MBBS, MD, Professor of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India.
3MSc, Asst Professor, Dept of Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India.
4PhD, Professor of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia.
Abstract:- Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is considered as a multisystem endocrinopathy. The present investigation on eighty five (85) patients diagnosed with PCOS revealed that 78% of them were overweight or obese on the basis body mass index. This fact was also partly supported by higher waist circumference in a majority of them indicating central obesity. Body weight gain at puberty was reported by over 80% of the subjects and elevated blood pressure was associated with abnormal lipid profile in a large number. Overweight/obese subjects had slightly higher fasting blood sugar levels. Metabolic syndrome features were thus evident in 33% of the subjects. However, only 4% of the subjects were infertile. Clinically, almost all subjects had developed hirsuitism and 40-70% of them had Cushingoid features. Hormonal functions such as insulin, LH/FSH ratio, male hormones, particularly dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate was higher in a considerable number of patients. 40% of the patients had hypothyroid features. The findings of study thus also support the idea that PCOS may be a manifestation of metabolic syndrome as suggested by others.
Key words:- Polycystic ovary syndrome, metabolic syndrome, obesity.
Research article:-Pharmaceutics.
Shinde Shivram B*., Shahi Sadhana R., Lone Vidya R., Jumbade Pooja P.
Department of Pharmaceutics, Goverment College of Pharmacy, Aurangabad-431005. Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:- The purpose of this research was to develop the hydrodynamically balanced (HBS) delivery system of Verapamil Hydrochloride which, after oral administration should have the ability to prolong gastric residence time with the desired in vitro release profile for the systemic action in the treatment of hypertension. A 32 full factorial design was employed to optimize the formulation wherein hydroxypropylmethylcellulose K4M (HPMC K4M) (X1) and Carbopol 934 (X2) were taken as independent variables and amount of drug release after 12 h (Y1) was taken as the dependent variable. The capsules were prepared by physical blending of Verapamil Hydrochloride and the polymers in varying ratios. The formulation was optimized on the basis of in vitro buoyancy and in vitro release. The release data were evaluated by model depended (curve fitting method) using PCP Disso v2.08 software. Optimization studies were carried out using the Design Expert Software 8.0.1. Formulations were evaluated for in vitro buoyancy and in vitro release studies. The in vitro release followed zero order kinetics and drug release mechanism was found to be Case-II transport. It was found that both HPMC and Carbopol and their interaction had significant impact on the release and floating properties of the delivery system. Thus, combination of HPMC K4M and Carbopol 934 can be used to increase the gastric residence time and drug release for a period of 12 h.
Key words:- Hydrodynamically balanced system, Verapamil Hydrochloride, HPMC K4M, Carbopol, Factorial design.
Original research article:-Pathology
Banushree C Srinivasamurthy, Nagarajappa A Halappa, Dayananda S Biligi & Sacchidanand S*
*Department of Pathology & Dermatology, Bangalore Medical College & Research Institute,India.
Abstract:- Background: The spectrum of clinical disease related to lichenoid tissue reaction is wider. There is recent increase in relatively new subgroups of lichenoid clinical picture. Histopathological examination helps to derive a concept of the particular tissue reaction and it may cut across boundaries of clinically well-established classes of disease. Aims: To know the clinical and Histopathological patterns of lichen planus and lichenoid eruptions of skin, age and sex distribution of disease. To assess the clinical diagnostic accuracy of histopathology. Methods: A prospective study was conducted by taking pertinent clinical history like age, duration of lesion, site of the lesion, significant family and personal history, history of associated disease and any drug intake. Punch biopsy was taken from the lesions and sections were studied. Results: Sixty cases of lichenoid eruptions were studied,44 cases were classical lichen planus, 5 were of lichen planus pigementosus, 3 of follicular lichen planus, two of lichen nitidus, one each of lichen planus hypertrophicus, lichen planus atrophicus, lichen planus actinicus, benign lichenoid keratosis, lichenoid drup eruption and lichen striatus. 52 cases were confirmed on histopathology and 8 were diagnosed by histopathology alone. Maximum no. of cases occurred in middle age group of 21 – 50 years. Females were affected more than males. Conclusions: Most of the components of lichenoid spectrum exhibit basal cell damage and band-like inflammatory infiltrate that hugs the dermo-epidermal junction except for subtle differences that define the particular variant. Classical lichen planus is the commonest, although other variants can occur. Clinico-pathological correlation is the key to providing optimal patient care.
Keywords:- Basal cell damage, Lichen planus, lichenoid eruption, lichenoid tissue reaction.
Case report:- Microbiology
Lakshmi K1, Nagarajan Krishnan2, Santhanam Rengarajan3*.
1Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, 2Associate Professor, Department of Radiology, 3Associate Professor, Department of Neurosurgery,Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India.
Abstract:- Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is a known complication of medical therapy with dopamine agonists in case of prolactinomas, radiotherapy or Postsurgical. But it is an extremely rare presenting symptom of an untreated non functional pituitary macroadenoma. We report one such rare case of a forty six year old man with moderately-sized non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma presenting with spontaneous CSF rhinorrhoea. CT (Computed Tomography) showed an isodense sellar -suprasellar lesion with minimal contrast enhancement and asymmetrically dilated ventricles - left more than the right. MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) revealed an isointense lesion with extension into the third ventricle superiorly, and sphenoid and posterior ethmoid inferiorly through bony defect in sellar floor with asymmetrically dilated ventricles. Patient underwent left ventriculo-peritoneal shunt followed by endoscopic transnasal decompression. Biopsy of the lesion confirmed pituitary adenoma. Patient had good clinical outcome and is asymptomatic in the past three years of follow up.
Keywords:-Hydrocephalus, Pituitary macroadenoma, Spontaneous CSF rhinorroea.