DocumentsDate added
Review article:-
Pai Keshava K1 & Nayak Sangeeta U2*
1Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University, India.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Manipal University, India.
Abstract:- Stress has long been considered to be a major contributor to the clinical manifestation of many diseases. The relationship between stress and any disease is explained by hormonal modifications and behavioural changes induced by the stress. Research has suggested that stress and depression are two factors that play a role in the development and progression of periodontal disease. It is not clear, however, whether these factors lead to periodontal disease through physiological or behavioural changes, or by some combination of the two. This article reviews the current literature, with highlighting on the potential role of psychological stress in periodontal disease progression as well as on wound healing.
Keywords:- Cortisol, Periodontal disease, Stress, Wound healing.
References:-
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Competent interest:- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Source of funding: - None .
Copyright © 2013 Pai Keshava K & Nayak Sangeeta U. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:- Pharmacology and Toxicology
Lucky L. Nwidu 1*, Victor O. Adika2, Baribefe Bagbi3 and Nwolu Okerewa4.
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy; 2Faculty of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. 3Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Port Harcourt, Choba,-Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria.
4Pharmacy Department, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Abuja Nigeria.
Abstract:- This study evaluate the progress of Primary Health Care with respect to MDGs 4, 5, and 6 from 2009 to 2010 in Obio/Akpor LGA Rivers State, Nigeria and to infer whether 2015 target date for its realization is feasible or not. The Primary Health Care Monthly Report database collated quarterly relating to activities geared towards achieving MDGs 4, 5, and 6 in the Primary Health Care Units of Obio Akpor LGA was consulted, data collected and collated to evaluate progress, performance and achievement for the period 2009 – 2010. The results showed an increase in immunization coverage for BCG, DPT and Measles by 132, 88 and 102% in 2009 and 115, 68 and 76% in 2010. Vitamin A coverage increased by 329 and 788% for 2009 and 2010 respectively. Acute Flaccid Paralysis and Neonatal Tetanus reported a decrease from 9 to 5, and 5 to 3 respectively for 2009 and 2010. Deliveries by skilled birth attendants increased from 82 in 2009 to 559 in 2010, likewise new antenatal registration increased from 546 to 2,396 for the same period. Proportion of 4 or more antenatal visits rose by 182.37% and 216.66% for the same period. New antenatal attendance was 24% and 33% for 2009 and 2010, while facilities attendance dropped from 64.76% to 59.27%. Similarly, 7.16% and 9.48% males tested HIV positive against 14.08% and 10.29% positive females for 2009 and 2010. Out of 610 and 475 reported TB cases for 2009 and 2010, 44.92% and 73.89% were respectively smear positive. TB cure rate decreased from 50.79% in 2009 to 23.67% in 2010. The mortality rate from TB increased from 0% to 5.56% and retreatment failure from 0% to 3.67% in the same period. Malaria treated decreased from 12,476 in 2009 to 10,406 in 2010. The quantity of ACT issued to patients increased from 2,332 in 2009 to 5,876 in 2010. Considerable progress has been recorded towards the achievement of the target for MDGs 4, 5 and 6 in Obio/Akpor LGA Rivers State, Nigeria. However, the realization of set goals by the target year of 2015 may not be feasible except there is increased political commitment, recruitment of more health personnel, staff motivation and behavior change to imbibed doctrines of the health professionals.
Key words:- Primary Health Care; Millennium Development Goals 4, 5 and 6; ObioAkpor LGA, Nigeria.
References:-
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Competent interest:- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
Source of funding: - None.
Copyright © 2013 Nwidu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article:- Biochemistry
Ranganathan Lakshmi 1* &. Swaminathan S2.
*1Research Intern Krishnamacharya Yoga Mandiram, New No. 31, Old No. 13, 4th Cross Street, R K Nagar, Mandaveli, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600028, India.
2Chief of Biochemistry, SRM Institute of Medical Sciences No: 1, Jawaharlal Nehru Salai, (100 feet Road), Vadapalni Chennai – 600 026, India.
Abstract:- Depression is a multi-dimensional disorder. It is neither purely a biochemical, nor a psychological phenomenon. Biological factors, genetic factors, personality traits and life events may all contribute to depression. Depression has biological components based in genetics, neurochemistry and physical health; it has psychological components that involve many individual factors such as cognitive style, coping style, and qualities of personal behaviour. And, it has social components, factors that are mediated by the quality of one’s relationships, including such variables as the family and the culture one is socialized into, and one’s range of social skills. Beyond all existing theories of depression, the greatest areas of agreement about depression are 1. The condition is complex (heterogeneous) 2. There is no ‘one’ explanation of its cause 3. There has been no single treatment known that will be effective in all cases. Several studies have proved that biochemical changes occur in depression and that these can be prompted or further modified by psychosocial factors. The balance of such factors in an individual may provide the clues to successful management with a combination of drugs and psychosocial therapy. This review article on the role of Biochemistry in depression in humans will enable researchers to understand in detail, the works already done and will give awareness about further works to be carried out in this field. Almost all biochemical disorders related to depression have been covered in this paper. This paper highlights the role of various biochemical analytes in inducing /reversing the symptoms of depression. Only key biochemical analytes are considered.
Key words:- Depression, Vitamin, CVD, ANS, WBC, CRP,HbA1C,Renal Profile, TSH, Cortisol, LH, FSH,PCOS, Acetyl choline, Endorphins, Prolactin, Oxidative Stress.
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Competent interest:- The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Source of funding: - None
Copyright © 2013 Ranganathan Lakshmi & Swaminathan S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:- Neurosurgery
Lakshmi K1, Santhanam R2*,& Menezes GA1.
1Department of Microbiology. 2Department of Neurosurgery. Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, India (Bharath University).
Abstract:- Schwannomas are slow-growing, benign tumors derived from schwann cells, the sheath cells that envelop myelinated nerve fibers. Intraosseous schwannomas have been observed, very rarely, in sacrum. We report an intraosseous sacral schwannoma and present the clinical, radiological, histological findings with surgical management and a follow up of 4 years. A 29 year old man presented with pain in the left gluteal region radiating to legs and deteriorating locomotor function. The neurological screening examination revealed no abnormality. The lumbosacral spine X-ray was normal. However, the lumbosacral spine Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed a lesion at the S2 level extending from the left S1-S2 to the S3-S4 foramina with scalloping of the S1 and S2 components of the sacrum. Left S1-S3 hemilaminectomy and gross total excision of the tumor was achieved. Histology confirmed an intraosseous schwannoma and the patient’s clinical outcome was good after surgery. No recurrence observed in the 4 years of follow up. Hence diagnosis of such tumor in the earlier stage needs only minimal interventional procedure with better prognosis.
Keywords:- Intraosseous sacral schwannoma, Histology, X-ray, MRI.
References:-
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Case report & Literature review:-Anesthesiology and Reanimation
Tuba Berra Saritas1* , Hasan Salcan2 , Remziye Gül Sivaci2
1Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical School, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Konya-Turkey.
2Afyonkocatepe University, Medical School, Anesthesiology and Reanimation Department, Afyonkarahisar-Turkey.
Abstract:- Congenital contractural arachnoductyly is a very rare autosomal dominantly inherited connective tissue disorder. It is caused by a fibrillin gene (FBN2) mutation in 5q23. It affects many of the body parts. Contractures, scoliosis, pectus carinatum, camptodactyly, crumpled external ears, micrognathia, highly arched palate, pseudotrismus and cranial abnormalities found. These are high risk people for anesthesia. Detailed physical examination and preparation for anesthetic procedures required.
Key Words:-Arachnodactyly, Crumpled Ear, Anaesthesia.
References:-
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