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Research article:-
T.A. Thaer * and P. Ellaiah College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam -530003 A.P., India.
* Present Address: Department of Medical Lab Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Arab American University, P.O. Box 240, Jenin, Palestine.
Abstract:-
A Streptomycete sp (A2’) was selected as the best L-asparaginase producing strain among (53) isolates. The fermentations were conducted by shake flask. Among carbon sources used mannitol was found to be the best for L-asparaginase production, its optimum concentration being 0.1%. Casein and corn steep liquor were preferred nitrogen sources for L-asparaginase production, with optimum concentration of casein being 0.75 %. The optimum pH range for L-asparaginase production was 6.5 to 7.5, optimum being 7.0. The optimum incubation temperature was 28°C. The maximum production attained at 72 hours of incubation. A 10% level of inoculum was found to be optimal for L-asparaginase production. At ratio 1:10 v/v (Volume of medium per volume of flask), the activity of L-asparaginase was maximum. Agitation was shown to have influence on L-asparaginase production. L-asparagine substrate was found to be a good enzyme inducer. The culture conditions of the strain for L-asparaginase production were optimized. The maximum production rate of L-asparaginase was improved 3 folds under the optimal conditions.
Key Words:- Marine Actinomycetes, Streptomyces, L-asparaginase, production, optimization.
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Copyright © 2013 T.A. Thaer & P. Ellaiah. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:-
Jyoti Rana1*, Pushpa Thakur1 & M.S.Thakur2
1IIHS, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla, Himachal Pradesh -171005, India.
2Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla-171005, India.
Abstract:-
The present study was conducted to determine the effect of morphine sulfate on the developmental rate of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1784). Investigation was carried out on four different weight pigs i.e. 2.5 kg, 2.5 kg, 2 kg and 2 kg. These were subjected to decomposition in two different toxic and nontoxic conditions. Insects play an important role in the decomposition process. Carrion may attract a wide range of necrophagous insect species with a variety of life history traits. Drug morphine sulfate was analyzed by screening tests, UV spectrophotometry and LC-MS analysis. Biological changes that occur in Chysomya megacephala (Fabricius) due to lethal dose of morphine sulfate was also reported and also give an important information on the necrophilous fauna for estimating postmortem interval in case of human death.
Keywords:- Chrysomya megacephala, Entomotoxicology, Opioid.
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Copyright © 2013 M S Thakur. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:-
Anne Merete A. Tryggestad1, Terje Espevik2, Liv Ryan2, and Geir Hetland1*
1Department of Cellular Therapy, Cancer Division, Oslo University Hospital – The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, and 2Department of Molecular and Cancer Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Abstract:- The edible, medicinal Basidiomycetes mushroom, Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM) is used in traditional medicine against cancer and various diseases. It is rich in β glucans and has been shown in vitro to have immuno-modulating properties and in mouse models to induce antitumor action and anti-infection effects against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative sepsis. To study the mechanism behind its ability to stimulate innate immune cells, possible engagement of TLR2 and TLR4 was examined both in HEK293 cells transfected with either receptor, and in promonocytic THP-1 cells that bear both receptors. In HEK293 cells an AbM-based mixed Basidiomycetes mushroom extract (AndoSanTM) also containing Hericium erinaceum and Grifola frondosa, was shown to activate NF-ĸ B foremost via stimulation of TLR2, but to a lesser degree in low concentrations also via TLR4. Interestingly, AndoSanTM reduced the TLR4-induced NF-ĸ B activation at higher concentrations by means of its main component, AbM. The AbM-induced NF-ĸ B activation was confirmed in the THP-1 cells. This shows that biologically active ingredients in the AbM-based extract, probably of polysaccharide nature such as β glucans, can induce TLR2-mediated stimulation of monocytic and other innate immune cells and possibly inhibit TLR4-mediated stimulation. This may partly explain the medicinal effects found with AbM, including the observed protection against Gram-negative sepsis in a mouse model.
Key words:- Medicinal mushroom, Agaricus blazei, NF-kB activation, TLR2, TLR4.
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Copyright © 2013 Tryggestad Anne Merete et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case report:-
Dhiraj B. Nikumbh1*, Nandkumar V. Dravid2, Priya S. Bagle3, Anjali M. Chitale4 & Chakor M. Rokade5
1Associate Professor,2Professor & Head,3Assistant Professor, 5Assistant Lecturer, Department of Pathology ,4 Professor, Department of Surgery, JMF’s ACPM medical college and hospital, Dhule, Maharashtra, India.
Abstract:-
Condyloma acuminata or genital wart is the anogenital expression of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and is the most common viral sexually transmitted disease in the western world. Isolated condyloma acuminata of the thigh in absence of similar lesions on the genital areas are very uncommon. After extensive review of literature, only limited case reports were available of this rare entity. Herein, we present a case of condyloma acuminata of the left thigh in a 60 year old male in absence of any similar lesions on genital areas. The diagnosis was offered on cytology and histopathologically; as a result of curiosity due to its unusual appearance on gross features. We present this case due to its rarity and uncommon findings.
Keywords:- Condyloma acuminata, HPV, viral disease.
References:-
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Copyright © 2013 Nikumbh DB et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article:-
Farhana R1* & Menezes G.A.2
1Department of Pharmacology, 2Department of Microbiology, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital Chromepet, Chennai (TN), India (Bharath University).
Abstract:- Bioterrorism is a burning topic in the present day scenario. It causes death or disease to human, animals and plants which create a great impact on the society. Post-exposure attack of bioterrorism leads to mental, political and economical effect on a community depending upon its exposure. Emergency Consequence Management includes measures to protect public health and safety, provides emergency relief to people adversely affected by the event. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) was assigned lead responsibility for crisis management and implementing measures to resolve the immediate emergency and to investigate the scene.
Key words:- Bioterrorism, Emergency responses, Consequence management.
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Copyright © 2013 Farhana R. & Menezes G.A.. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.