DocumentsDate added
Original article:-
Hailay Berhe1, Gizachew Yismaw2,4, Zelalem Addis2, Haftay H/slassie3, Belay Anagaw2, Chandrashekhar Unakal2*
1Dessie Regional Health Research Laboratory Center, P.O. Box: 686, Dessie, Ethiopia
2Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences; College of Medicine Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia.
3Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences; College of Medicine Health Sciences, Wollo University, Ethiopia.
4Tokushima University, Japan.
Abstract:-
Background: The prison setting has been shown to be a high risk environment for blood borne viral infections like human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus infections. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus infections among prison inmates. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a semi-structured questionnaire for socio-demographic and associated risk factor assessment. Venous blood samples were collected and serum was tested for human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus infections using rapid immunochromatographic tests. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Logistic regression analysis was used and a P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 270 prison inmates, 258 males and 12 females, with a mean age of 31.49 were participated. Seventeen (6.3 %) and 27 (10.4%) of them were seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B surface antigen, respectively. Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus co-infection rate was 4(1.5%). Having previous incarceration, history of sexually transmitted infections, medical drug use in prison and prostitute contact per month before imprisonment were independent risk factors for HIV infection in multivariate analysis and the risk factors for Hepatitis B virus were cumulative total in prison in the last 10 years and sharing sharp materials inside prison. Conclusion: This study found that prison inmates had a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus infections. The overall outcome represents the need for prison-focused intervention initiatives to minimize transmission of these viral infections in this subpopulation.
Key words:- Hepatitis B virus, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Prisons.
References:-
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*Correspondence address:
Dr. Chandrashekhar G. Unakal.,
Department of Medical Microbiology
University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196,
Telephone +251-918-153665.
E-mail: cg.unakal@gmail.com
Copyright © 2013 Unakal C. G et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:- Medical Microbiology,
Abebe Mazengia, Gizachew Yismaw, Belay Anagaw & Chandrashekhar Unakal*
Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Biomedical and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Ethiopia.
Abstract:-
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of Hepatitis B and C virus among people attending the HIV VCT center. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2011 to March 2012 at Deber Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Systematic random sampling technique was applied to select the study participants and the total sample size was 423. The serum was checked for Hepatitis B and C virus markers by rapid test followed manufacturer instructions assay. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS software package (version 16). Differences in proportions were evaluated by Pearson’s chi-square; p< 0.05 was considered to be significant. Results and Conclusion: A total of 423 voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) clients were examined for HBsAg and HCV viruses. HBV was detected in 24 (5.7%), HCV 6 (1.4%) and co-infection 1(0.2%). In conclusion, this study shows a high prevalence of HBV (5.7%) and HCV (1.4%) infection in clients of the VCT center. By considering this we recommend that screening of HBV infection is necessity with HIV in VCT center.
Key words:- Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, HIV voluntary counseling and testing center.
References:-
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*Correspondence address:
Dr. Chandrashekhar G. Unakal.,
Department of Medical Microbiology University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Telephone +251-918-153665.
Copyright © 2013 Unakal C. G et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:-
Salvi P. Shah1*, Beena R. Dave2 & Anjan R. Desai1
1Lecturer, 2I/C Principal,SPB Physiotherapy College, Ugat Bhesan road, Surat, Gujarat, India-395005.
Abstract:- Purpose: Body mass index is the most commonly used measure of obesity. Although the correlation coefficient between BMI and WC has been reported; very few studies have been conducted among school children to date in Gujarat to find out the same. So, the present study was undertaken to determine relationship of BMI to WC in school children of Surat. Methodology: A cross sectional study was conducted on 850 school children aged 12-15 years from five different schools of Surat. Information on children’s age, gender, height and weight was collected. BMI and WC were measured. Obesity was diagnosed by BMI for age. Pearson’s correlation coefficients between BMI and WC were calculated separately for gender and physique. Results: The study showed that prevalence of obesity was 11.25 % in school children .The correlation coefficient between BMI and WC was 0.92 and 0.78 among boys and girls respectively. The correlation coefficient between BMI and WC was also influenced by physique (obese or non-obese). In Obese, correlation coefficient between BMI and WC was 0.52 and in non obese children it was 0.86. Conclusion: BMI was positively correlated with WC among school children of Surat city, Gujarat, India.
Key Words:-Correlation coefficient, BMI, WC.
References:-
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*Correspondence address:
Salvi Shah,
Lecturer, SPB Physiotherapy College,
Ugat Bhesan road,Surat, Gujarat, India-395005
Contact no:-+91 942780238
Original article:-
Laila Mahmoud Matalqah*1,2 , Khaldoon Mahmoud Radaideh3 , Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman1 , Mohamed Azmi Hassali4 & Muhamad Ali Sk Abdul Kader5
Affiliation:-
Laila Mahmoud Matalaqah (M.Pharm, clinical pharmacy) PhD Candidate, 1Displine of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM),2School of Pharmacy, Allianze University College of Medical Sciences (AUCMS), Kepala Batas, Malaysia. Dr. Khaldoon Mahmoud Radaideh (PhD), School of Medical Imaging and Radiotherapy, 3Allianze University College of Medical Sciences (AUCMS), Kepala Batas, Malaysia Prof. Dr. Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman, PhD. Clinical Pharmacy, 1Discipline of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohamed Azmi Ahmad Hassali (Ph.D. Clinical. Pharm), Deputy Dean (Student Affairs & Networking) 4School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysi a (USM), Penang, Malaysia. Dr. Muhamad Ali Sk Abdul Kader, MD (USM) MRCP (UK) CMIA FACC (USA)FNHAM, Consultant 5Cardiologist, Department Of Cardiology, Penang Hospital, Malaysia.
Abstract:- Objective: To relate the level of patients’ knowledge about warfarin to their anticoagulation control using a translated Malaysian version of Oral Anticoagulation Knowledge (OAK) Test. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study design and methodology were used to elaborate the study data. 382 consecutive outpatients with atrial fibrillation undergoing oral anticoagulant were identified between September 2011 and January 2013 at Hospital Pulau Pinang and Seberang Jaya Hospital, Penang, Malaysia. A standard translation procedure was used to develop the Malaysian version of the 20- question-OAK test from the original English version. Medical records were reviewed for INR levels and other clinical data. To determine the correlation between INR control and warfarin knowledge, spearman correlation analysis was used. Significant was defined as P <0.05. Results: Only 215 were eligible and accepted to complete the questionnaires. The mean±SD of OAK scores was 47.6±17.6. Good internal consistency was found (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.767); and the test-retest reliability value was 0.871 (p<0.001). Data from the Spearman’s rho analyses revealed a statistically significant positive but weak correlation between patients’ knowledge and the number of INR values that were within the therapeutic range Conclusion: A significant relationship between OAK categories and TTR (INR) categories (p <0.05) was found. The Malaysian version of the OAK had a moderate sensitivity and specificity, 58.3% and 58.0%, respectively, with good predictive validity.
Key Words:- anticoagulation, warfarin, patient knowledge, Malaysian version.
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*Correspondence address:
Laila Mahmoud Ali Matalqah.,
Displine of Clinical Pharmacy,
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Minden, 11800, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM),Malaysia.
lmatalqah@yahoo.com, lailamatalqah@allianzeunicollege.edu.my
Telephone:-0060175029392
Cross sectional study
Hegde Shruthi S1, Pai Keshava K2*, Abhishekh Hulegar A3 & Sandeep K.R1
Affiliation:-
1MBBS student, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University, India- 575003.
2Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal University, India -575003.
3Medical student, Bangalore Medical College & Research institute. Bangalore. Karnataka, India- 575003.
Abstract:-
Introduction: Recent metaanalysis on prevalence of antenatal depression in middle and low income countries showed a weighted mean prevalence of 15.6%. There has far been very less empirical research on the occurrence of antenatal depressive morbidity among Indian women. Hence the present study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of antenatal depression and risk factors associated with it. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out in obstetric outpatient department of tertiary care hospital, Mangalore. A total of 253 women attending the routine antenatal clinic during the study period formed the study subjects. Edinburg postnatal depression scale (EPDS) was administered to all the participants. EPDS score of greater than or equal to 13 was taken to calculate the prevalence of antenatal depression. Results: The prevalence of antenatal depression was found to be 36.75%. Male gender preference, unemployment, poor relation with the husband, term pregnancy and lack of recreation were independently associated with antenatal depression, while support from family and husband, being satisfied with pregnancy and being employed were associated with a reduced likelihood of depression. Conclusion: Prevalence of antenatal depression was found to be high in our population. Further community based studies are required to address this issue.
Key Words:- Antenatal-Depression, Prevalence, Gender-preference.
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*Correspondence address:
Keshava Pai K.,
Associate Professor,
Department of Psychiatry,
Kasturba Medical College,
Mangalore, Manipal University, India.
Copyright © 2013 Pai Keshava et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.