DocumentsDate added
Original article:-
Jansirani Siva Subramanian1*, Abirami soundararajan2 , Hemavathy Ramalingam3
Affiliation:- 1Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India.
2Madras Medical college, Chennai,India .
3Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical college Hospital and Research Institute, Puducherry, India.
Abstract:- The term cataract is used loosely to mean the occurrence of an optical discontinuity in the lens of such magnitude as to cause a noticeable dispersion of light. Lens proteins are grouped into two classes on the basis of their solubility in water. The water soluble proteins, lens crystalline, and account for nearly 99% of total lens proteins. The water insoluble proteins are the membrane proteins, cytoskeleton proteins and aggregated crystalline. Totally 80 cases of both male and females lenses were collected and weighed in the electronic balance, whose sensitivity is ranging from10mg to 200mg.The patients’ age is ranging from 50-60 years were taken for the study. With aging, the proteins might also undergo non enzymatic glycation, by with carbohydrates molecules attach directly to the protein amino acid to eventually form carbonyl groups that favor protein aggregation. Most forms of cataracts manifest reduced glutathione levels might indicate loss of ability of the lenses to with stand oxidative stress. There is also direct effect of oxidative damage on cellular DNA of lens and cytoskeleton. Our study also there is no change in the weight of the lenses in both sexes in human cataractogenesis. There is no change in both the sexes because it may be due to the lens crystalline which is not attributed for much alteration of the structure of protein.
Key Words:-Cataract, Alpha -crystalline polypeptide, Lens proteins, Oxidative damage.
References:-
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*Correspondence address:
Dr. Jansirani Siva Subramanian.,
Professor of Biochemistry,
Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences,Puducherry, India.
Copyright © 2013 Jansirani Siva Subramanian M, Soundararajan A & Ramalingam H. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:-Anaesthesia
Rasquinha Vinay .J 1* ,Sheik Mohammed Salman1 ,Vasantha O.T1,Suranjith Sorake1 & Harish.B.Hegde2
1Assistant Professor,2Professor, Department of Anaesthesia, Yenepoya Medical College, Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018. Karnataka, India.
Abstract:- Background: Succinylcholine (Suxamethonium) is regarded as the drug of choice in all Rapid Sequence Induction (RSI) because its onset of action is less than 60 seconds for ideal intubating conditions. Rocuronium bromide, a non depolarizing muscle relaxant, has recently been used as substitute, in many cases where succinylcholine is contraindicated. Objective: To compare the quality of neuromuscular blockade for acceptable intubating conditions using rocuronium bromide with that of succinylcholine, at the end of 60 seconds in elective cases undergoing general anesthesia. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective comparison involving 50 patients in total coming for surgery under general anesthesia from Yenepoya Medical College. They were randomly divided into 2 equal groups of 25 each - Group 1 received succinylcholine 1mg.kg-1 and Group 2 received rocuronium bromide 0.6 mg.kg-1 .Each group received thiopentone sodium 5mg.kg-1 for induction. Each patient was evaluated for quality of intubating conditions at the end of 60 seconds by the scale from Cooper et al. and graded from a scale using 3 factors (jaw relaxation, vocal cord position and response to intubation).Each factor was given a score from 0-3. A total score of 8-9 was considered excellent intubating conditions, while scores of 6-7 were considered as good intubating conditions. Both excellent and good intubating conditions were considered acceptable intubating conditions. Scores below this were considered unacceptable (3-5 was fair and 0-2 were poor intubating conditions). Results: There was a statistically significant difference between Group 1 and Group 2 in terms of quality of intubating conditions at 60 seconds. Succinylcholine gave acceptable intubating conditions in 25 out of 25 patients while rocuronium bromide gave acceptable conditions in 19 out of 25 patients (p=0.02). Conclusion:- Our study concludes that succinylcholine (1mg.kg-1) produces superior intubating conditions as compared to rocuronium bromide (0.6mg.kg-1) at the end of 60 seconds.
Keywords:- Succinylcholine ; Rocuronium ; Muscle relaxant ; Intubation.
References:-
1. Cooper R, Mirakhur RK, Clarke RS, Boules Z. Comparison of intubating conditions after administration of Org 9246 (rocuronium) and suxamethonium. Br J Anaesth 1992; 69:269-73. PMID: 1389845.
2. Perry JJ, Lee JS, Sillberg VA, Wells GA. Rocuronium versus succinylcholine for rapid sequence induction intubation. Cochrane Database of Syst Rev 2008 Apr 16;(2):CD002788. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002788.pub2. PMID: 18425883
3. O'Kelly B, Fiset P, Meistelman C, Ecoffey C. Pharmacokinetics of rocuronium bromide in paediatric patients. Eur J Anaesthesiol Suppl 1994; 9:57-8. PMID: 7925210
4. McCourt KC, Salmela L, Mirakhur RK, Carroll M, Mäkinen MT , Kansanaho M, Kerr C, Roest GJ, Olkkola KT. Comparison of rocuronium and suxamethonium for use during rapid sequence induction of anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1998; 53:867–71.PMID:9849280 .doi:10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.00342.x.
5. Shukla A, Dubey KP, Sharma MSN. Comparative evaluation of haemodynamic effects and intubating conditions after the administration of ORG 9426 and succinylcholine. Indian Journal of Anaesthesia 2004; 48:476-9.
*Correspondence address:
Dr Rasquinha Vinay .J,
Assistant Professor
Department of Anaesthesia,Yenepoya Medical College,
Deralakatte, Mangalore 575018. Karnataka, India.
Original article:-
Inbaraj S.D1*, Alagesan .R2, & Parameaswari. P.J1
Affiliation:-
*1Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, 1 Asst. Professor. Biostatistics, Department of Commiunity Medicine Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Bharath university ,Chennai, India.
2Consultant Cardiologist, G.A.Vasanth compu cardiac scan centre, Chennai,India.
Abstract: Background: The Treadmill test is done routinely to detect coronary artery disease in preventing cardiovascular mortality. We want to elicit the relationship between Duke Treadmill Scoring and the severity of coronary artery lesions by angiogram. Aim: To evaluate the association between the DTS with the angiographic localization of coronary artery disease. Settings and Design: This retrospective study was conducted in G.A.Vasanth Compu Cardiac Scan Centre, Chennai from January 2009 to December 2009. Material & methods: From the records of 1386 patients on Treadmill test, 220 were positive for coronary artery disease and requested to send their angiogram reports by mail .The baseline characteristics with other co morbidity of 20 responded patients were considered. Based on DTS the patients were categorized as low, moderate and high risk for survival and compared with the coronary artery lesions. Statistical methods: Data was analyzed using SPSS 15.0 and presented as frequency, %, mean± SE and χ2 test with P <0.05 was considered for statistical significance. Results: Our study had 85% males and 15% females with mean age of 58 years. We observed 60% Diabetes & Hypertension with other co morbid illness. The patients with High risk DTS had Critical coronary artery lesion aged between 45 to 55 years and those with non-critical coronary artery lesion ranged between 55 to 65 years. Conclusions: Patients with High risk DTS should be strongly recommended to immediate coronary angiography. DTS system will be an important tool in detecting patients with critical coronary artery lesion for further management.
Key Words: Duke Treadmill Score (DTS), Coronary angiogram, Coronary artery lesion.
References:-
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12.Mark A de Belder etal, Relative power of clinical, exercise test, and angiographic variables in predicting clinical outcome after myocardial infarction: the Newham and Tower Hamlets study. Br Heart J 1988; 60:377-89.
13.Inbaraj .S.D. , Somasundaram.G , Parameaswari. P.J., Effect of Angiotensin convertin enzyme inhibitors/Angiotensin receptor blockers, Beta blockers and calcium channel blockers on exercise induced hypertension- A retrospective study. National Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. April-June 2012; II(4):384-8.
*Correspondence address:
Dr.Inbaraj S.D, M.D.,
Associate Professor , Department of Pharmacology.
Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chromepet .Chennai -600044, India.
Copyright © 2013 Inbaraj S.D,Alagesan .R,& Parameaswari. P.J. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:- Biochemistry and Biophysics
Abdoljalal Marjani1* & Najmeh Shahini2
1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Gorgan Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan province, Iran. 2Medical Student, Student Reaserch Commitee, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Abstract:- Background: Studies have been shown that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome changes among different ethnic and sex groups. Objective: We determined age related prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Fars ethnic women. Study design: Health center based study. Setting: Metabolic Disorders Research Center in Gorgan. Participants: 160 Fars adult women. Sampling: randomized sampling method. Results: The most age distribution was in ages from 35 to 40 years (50%). There were significant differences between the mean value of waist circumferences, fasting blood glucose, body mass index and triglyceride among subjects with and without metabolic syndrome in age groups 20-24 and 25-29 years old (P<0.05). HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels were significantly decreased and increased in these age groups, respectively (P<0.05). There were also significant increases in fasting blood glucose and triglyceride levels among subjects with and without metabolic syndrome in age groups 30-34 and 35-40 years old (P<0.05). There were decreased HDL-cholesterol in age group 30-34 years old (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in age groups 20-24 and 30-34 years old (P<0.05). Conclusion: High waist circumference, Fasting Glucose and triglyceride, and low HDL cholesterol are more effective among subjects with metabolic syndrome and, in the presence of obesity may elevate the risk of coronary heart disease. The increasing number of overweight and obese subjects in our study makes certain that metabolic syndrome begins from young age and will continue as age progresses. It seems that women require altering their life style to prevent cardiovascular complications.
Keywords:- Gorgan, metabolic syndrome, age related, ethnic group.
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*Correspondence address:
Abdoljalal Marjani.,
(Associated Prof. in Biochemistry), Gorgan Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Metabolic Disorders Research Center, Gorgan Faculty of Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Golestan province, .Iran. Tel & Fax: +98(171)4421651 & 4440225.
Original article:-
Rajurkar Sampda Shivdas1*,Srivastav Manissha2 & Sapkal Pravin Sonuji3
1Assistant Professor, Department of PSM, 3Assistant Professor, Department of Anesthesia, Government Medical College, Akola, India.
2Associate Professor, Department of PSM, Lokmanya Tilak Medical College and Sion Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Abstract:-
An Epidemiological Study Of The Morbidity Profile Of Municipal Primary School Children Residing In Slums. Background: The school going children mostly in 5 to 15 years of age are neglected and scare data is available about their problems and morbidities. Aims: 1) To study the nutritional status and clinical morbidity profile of primary municipal school children. 2) To study epidemiological factors affecting health status of these children. 3) To assess the personal hygiene among them. Setting and design: A cross sectional epidemiological study of primary municipal school children residing in urban slum. Study was done over a period of 1 year. Materials and methodology: Universal sampling method was used. Total 455 children were studied and their parents were interviewed. Nutritional status of children was calculated and categorised with the help of WHO 2007 growth reference charts. Anaemia and vitamin A deficiency were diagnosed with the WHO criteria. Statistical analysis: was done by using SPSS version17 software. Result and conclusion: Out of total 455 students, 55.4% were boys and 44.6% were girls. Stunting was present in 19.3%, underweight in 22.6% and undernourishment in 20.2% children. Boys were more stunted than girls; however, girls were more undernourished than boys. One or more than one morbidity was present in 392(86.2%) children. Most common morbidity was dental caries present in 47.3% children. Other common morbidities were anemia, upper respiratory tract infection, worm infestation and ocular morbidities. Particular morbidities differ significantly with socioeconomic status, personal hygiene, nutritional status and sex. Children within this age group also need special attention for improvement in their nutrition and hygiene.
Key Words:- School children, morbidity profile, slum.
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