DocumentsDate added
Original article:-
*1Asadi-Shekaari M, 2Kalantari Pour TP, 3Namazian E, 4Arab Nejad F, 1Zangiabadi N, & 1Afarinesh Khaki MR
1Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
2Midwifery and Nursing Faculty, Branch of Kerman, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran.
3Midwifery student, Member of Student Research Committee, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran.
4Medical student, Member of Student Research Committee, Kerman Medical University,
Kerman, Iran.
Abstract:
Background & objective for the study: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability in developed countries. Oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathophysiology of this disease. Walnut kernels (WKs) are a highly nutritious food due to their large amount of phenolic compounds. These compounds have beneficial effects on human health due to their obvious antioxidant and anti-atherogenic properties. The aim of this study was to determine whether or not a WK diet had cerebroprotective effects on the focal ischemic brain.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed with equal amounts of a WK-enriched diet or a control diet. After 8 weeks of feeding, middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced for 30 min followed by 48 h reperfusion. After behavioural testing, the animals were sacrificed and their brains were removed for histological, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical and biochemical studies.
Results: The results showed that the animals which received a WK-enriched diet had a significant reduction in neuronal damage induced by ischemic reperfusion compared to the controls.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that pre-treatment with WKs reduces the severity of cerebral ischemic injury.
Key Words: Antioxidant; fatty acids; inflammation; MCAO; Walnut.
References:
1. Papadopoulos CM, Tsai SY, Alsbiei TE, O’Brien T, Schwab ME, Kartje, GL. Functional Recovery and Neuroanatomical Plasticity following Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion and IN-1 Antibody Treatment in the Adult Rat. Annals Neurol 2002; 51(4):433-41.
2. Endres M, Laufs U, Huang Z, Nakamura T, Huang P, Moskowitz MA, Liao JK. Stroke protection by 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase inhibitors mediated by endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Proc Natl Acad Sci 1998;95:8880-5.
3. Asadi-Shekaari M, Kalantaripour TP, Arab Nejad F, Namazian, E, Eslami A. The anticonvulsant and Neuroprotective Effects of Walnuts on the Neurons of Rat Brain Cortex. Avicenna J Med Biotech 2012; 4(3): 155-8.
4. Orhan IE, Santur IP, Akkol EK. In vitro neuroprotective effects of the leaf and fruit extracts of Juglans regia L. (walnut) through enzymes linked to Alzheimer's disease and antioxidant activity. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2011; 62(8):781-6.
5. Li L, Tsao R, Yang R, Kramer JKG, Hernandez M. Fatty acid profiles, tocopherol contents, and antioxidant activities of hearnut (Juglans ailanthifolia var. cordiformis) and Persian walnut (Juglans regia L.). J Agric Food Chem 2007; 55:1164-9.
6. Labuckas DO, Maestri DM, Perello´ M, Martı´nez ML, Lamarque AL. Phenolics from walnut (Juglans regia L.) kernels: Antioxidant activity and interactions with proteins. Nutrition Journal 2010; 9(21) 2-10.
7. Wang XY, Zhang ZH, Li YQ, Zhao HR, Zhao YP. Analysis of fatty acids composition and content in walnut varieties. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 2004; 26:499-501.
8. Gemma C, Mesches MH, Sepesi B, Choo K, Holmes DB, Bickford PC. Diets enriched in foods with high antioxidant activity reverse age-induced decreases in cerebellar-adrenergic function and increases in proinflammatory cytokines. J Neurosci 2002; 22:6114-20.
9. Hirvonen T, Virtamo J, Korhonen P, Albanes D, Shukitt-Hale B, Bickford P, Prior R, Cao G. Intake of flavonoids, carotenoids, vitamins C and E, and risk of stroke in male smokers. Stroke 2000; 31:2301-6.
10. Wang Y, Chang CF, Chou J, Chen HL, Deng X, Harvey BK, Cadet JL, Bickford PC. Dietary supplementation with blueberries, spinach, or spirulina reduces ischemic brain damage. Exp Neurol 2005; 193:75-84.
11. Panahi M, Asadi-Shekaari M, Kalantaripour TP, Safavi A. Aqueous extract of date fruit protects CA1 neurons against oxidative injury: an ultrastructural study. Curr Topics Nutraceutic Res 2008; 6(3):125-30.
12. Longa EZ, Weinstein PR, Carlson S, Cummins R. Reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion without craniotomy in rats. Stroke 1989; 20:84-91.
13. Sakurai-Yamashita Y, Kinugawa H, Niwa M. Neuroprotective effect of Pentosan polysulphate on ischemia-related neuronal death of hippocampus. Neurosci Lett 2006; 409:30-4.
14. Gaur V, Kumar A. Neuroprotective potentials of candesartan, atorvastatin and their combination against stroke induced motor dysfunction. Inflammopharmacol, 2010b. doi:10.1007/s10787-010-0068-y.
15. Chang Q, WANG XL. Effects of chiral 3-n-butylphthalide on apoptosis induced by transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2003 Aug; 24 (8): 796-804.
16. Wang Y, Chang CF, Morales M, Chiang YH, Su TP, Tsao LI, Thiemermann C. Neuroprotective effects of diadenosine teraphosphate in animal models of stroke and Parkinson’s disease. J Neurosci 2003; 23:7958-65.
17. Bolay H, Dalkara T. Mechanisms of motor dysfunction after transient MCA occlusion: persistent transmission failure in cortical synapses is a major determinant. Stroke 1998; 29:1988-93.
18. Gaur V, Kumar A. Possible involvement of L-arginine-nitric oxide signaling pathway in protective effect of hesperidin against ischemic reperfusion cerebral injury induced memory dysfunction. Pharmacol Rep 2010c; 62:635-48.
19. Aggarwal A, Gaur V, Kumar A. Nitric oxide mechanism in the protective effect of naringin against post-stroke depression (PSD) in mice. Life Sci, 2010: 86:928-35.
20. Gupta YK, Briyal S, Sharma U, Jagannathan NR, Gulati A. Effect of endothelin antagonist (TAK-044) on cerebral ischemic volume, oxidative stress markers and neurobehavioral parameters in the middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke in rats. Life Sci 2005; 77:15-27.
21. Seyed Jafari SS, Ali Aghaei A, Asadi-Shekaari M, Neamatollahi-mahani SN, Sheibani V. Investigating the effects of adult neural stem cell transplantation by lumbar puncture in transient cerebral ischemia. Neurosci Lett 2011; 495:1-5.
22. Maheshwari A, Badgujar L, Phukan B, Bodhankar SL, Thakurdesai P. Protective effect of Etoricoxib against middle cerebral artery occlusion induced transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Europ J Pharmacol 2011; 667: 230-37.
23. Liu PK. Ischemia-reperfusion-related repair deficit after oxidative stress: implications of faulty transcripts in neuronal sensitivity after brain injury. J Biomed Sci. 2003;10(1):4-13.
24. Asadi-Shekaari M, Eftekhar Vaghefi H, Talakoub A, Khorram Khorshid HR. Effects of Semelil (ANGIPARS™) on focal cerebral ischemia in male rats. DARU 2010;18(4): 265-9 .
25. Cuzzocrea S, Riley DP, Caputi AP, Salvemini D. Antioxidant therapy: a new pharmacological approach in shock, inflammation, and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Pharmacol Rev2001; 53:135-59.
26. Durukan A, Tatlisumak T. Acute ischemic stroke: Overview of major experimental rodent models, pathophysiology, and therapy of focal cerebral ischemia. Pharmacol biochem behave 2007; 87:179-97.
27. Ito H, Okuda T, Fukuda T, Hatano T, Yoshida T. Two novel dicarboxylic acid derivatives and new dimeric hydrolysable tannin from walnuts. J Agric Food Chem 2007; 55:672-9.
28. Fukuda T, Ito H, Yoshida, T. Antioxidative polyphenols from walnuts (Juglans regia L.). Phytochem 2003; 63:795-801.
29. Willis LM, Bielinski DF, Fisher DR, Matthan NR, Joseph JA. Walnut extract inhibits LPS-induced activation of BV-2 microglia via internalization of TLR4: possible involvement of phospholipase D2. Inflammation 2010: 33(5):325-33.
30. Liu T, Li J, Liu Y, Xiao N, Suo H, Xie K, Yang C, Wu C. Short-Chain Fatty Acids Suppress Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Production of Nitric Oxide and Proinflammatory Cytokines Through Inhibition of NF-κB Pathway in RAW264.7 Cells. Inflammation. 2012;35(5):1676-84.
31. Papoutsi Z, Kassi E, Chinou I, Halabalaki M, Skaltsounis LA, Moutsatsou P. Walnut extract (Juglans regia L.) and its component ellagic acid exhibit anti-inflammatory activity in human aorta endothelial cells and osteoblastic activity in the cell line KS483. British J Nutr 2008; 99:715-22.
32. Aldrige C, Razzak A, Babcock TA., Helton WS, Espat J. Lippopolysacchride-stimulated RAW 246.7 macrophage inducible Nitric oxide synthase and Nitric oxide production is decreased by an omega-3 fatty acid emulsion. J Surgical Res, 2008; 149: 296-302.
Article citation:-
Asadi-Shekaari et al. Feeding with walnut (Juglans regia) reduces cerebral ischemic damage in rats. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1137-1142.
Copyright © 2013 Asadi-Shekaari et al.. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:-
Jai Ram Kaundal1*, Nishant Negi2,V.P. Sharma3,G.K Singh4
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor,2Lecturer,Department. of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics;H.P.Govt. Dental College and Hospital; Shimla, Himachal Pradesh- 171001; India.
3Professor and Principal, Dental College Barabanki U.P.,India.
4Professor, Deptt. Of orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics,K.G.M.U.,Lucknow,U.P.India.
Abstract:
Aim:- To evaluate crowding in relation to tooth size, arch size and arch form in North-East Indian population. Material and methods-This study was conducted on study casts obtained from 40 subjects of North East origin who were divided into crowded and noncrowded group. For each of the subjects cumulative tooth width, arch width, arch length, arch perimeter, overjet, overbite, curve of spee, palatal vault height and arch form were measured. Student’s t test was used to compare two groups.
Results:- Crowded male samples had increased total tooth material with decreased arch perimeter and intermolar width. Crowded female sample had increased total tooth material with reduced arch perimeter and arch length. Conclusion:- Crowding was associated with reduced arch perimeter, reduced intermolar width and increased total tooth material in North-East Indian population.
Key Words: Arch form, Arch size, Crowding.
References:
1.Nance HN. The limitations of orthodontic treatment. Am J Orthod Oral Surg 1947; 33:177-223.
2.Lundstrom A. The etiology of crowding of teeth and its bearing on orthodontic treatment. Eur Orthod Soc (report)1951;176-91.
3.Mills LF. Arch width arch length and tooth size in young adult males. Angle Orthod 1964; 36:124-9.
4. Fastlicht J. Crowding of mandibular incisors. Am J Orthod 1970;58:156-63.
5.Howe RP, McNamara JA, O’Connor KA. An examination of dental crowding and its relationship to tooth size and arch dimensions. Am J Orthod 1983;83:363-73.
6. Corrucini RS, Pacciani E. Orthodontistry and dental occlusion in Etruscans. Angle Orthod 1989;59:61-4.
7.Morrees CFA, Reed RB. Biometrics of crowding and spacing in the mandible. Am J Phys Anthropol 1954;12:77-88.
8.Mills LF, Hamilton PH. Epidemiological studies of malalignment, a method for computing dental arch circumference. Angle Orthod 1965;35:244-8.
9.Radnzic et al. Dental crowding and its relationship to mesiodistal crown diameters and arch dimensions. Am J Orthod 1988; 94:50-6.
10.Riqueleme A , Green LJ. Palatal width, height and length in human twins. Angle Orthod 1970;40:71-9.
11.Chuck George C. Ideal arch form. Angle Orthod 1934;4:312-27.
12.Brunelle JA, Bhat M, Lipton JA. Prevalence and distribution of selected occlusal characteristics in U.S. population. J Dent Res 1991;75:706-13.
13.Proffit WR, Fields HW, Moray LJ. Prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs in the United States: estimates from the NHANES-III survey. Int J Adult Orthod Orthogn Surg 1998;13:97-106.
14.Hunter WS, Priest WR. Errors and discrepencies in measurements of tooth size. J Dent Res 1960;39:405-14.
15.Doris JM. Bernard BW, Kuftinec MM. A biometric study of tooth size and dental crowding. Am J Orthod 1981;79:326-36.
16.Walter DC. Changes in the face and dimensions of dental arches resulting from orthodontic treatment. Angle Orthod 1953;3:23.
17.Raberin, Laumon, Martin, Brunner. Form of dental arches. Am J Orthod 1993,Jul:67-72.
18.Kook YA, Najima K, Moon HB, McLaughlin RP, Sinclair PM. Comparison of arch forms between Korean and North American white populations. Am J Orthod Dentofac Orthop 2004;126:680-6.
19.Ling JY, Wong RW. Dental arch widths of southern Chinese. Angle Orthod 2009;79:54-63.
20.Lara-Carrillo E, Gonzalez-Perez JC, Kubodera-Itot, Montiel-Bastida NM, Esquivel-Pereyra GI. Dental arch morphology of Mazahua and Mestizo teenagers from central mexico. Braz J Oral Sci 2009;8:92-6.
21.Khin MT, Than W, Abdullah N, Jayasinghe JAP, Chandima GL. The maxillary arch and its relationship to cephalometric landmarks of selected Malay ethnic group. Mal J Med Sci 2005;12:29-38.
22.Hussein KW, Rajion ZA, Hassan R, Noor SN. Variations in tooth size and arch dimensions in Malay schoolchildren. Aust Orthod J 2009;25:163-8.
23. Barrett MJ, Brown T, Macdonald MR. Size of dental arches in a tribe of central Australian aborigines. J Dent Res 1965;44:912-20.
24.Patel VJ, Bhatia AF, Mahadevia SM, Italia S, Vaghamsi M. Dental arch form analysis in Gujrati males and females having normal occlusion. JIOS 2012;46(4):295-9.
25.Othman SA et al. Comparison of arch form between ethnic Malays and Malaysian aborigines in peninsular Malaysia. Korean J Orthod 2012;42(1):47-54.
Article citation:-
Kaundal Jai Ram et al. Evaluation of crowding in relation to tooth size, arch size and arch form in North-east Indian population. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1199-1204.
Copyright © 2013 Kaundal Jai Ram et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:-
Maninder Karan*1, Prerna Sarup2 & Karan Vasisht3
Affiliation:-
M. Pharm., Ph. D. 1*, M. Pharm.2, and M. Pharm., Ph. D.1, 1,2,University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences–UGC Centre for Advanced Studies Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Abstract:
Raw guggulu (RG) was purified by seven different methods to get pure guggulu (PG-1 to PG-7) using triphla kasaya (PG-1), cow urine (PG-2), cow milk (PG-3), vasa swarasa (PG-4), vasa kasaya (PG-5), nirgundi swaras with haldi curna (PG-6) and water (PG-7). The guggulu purified by each method was evaluated in vitro for its antioxidant activity and in vivo for antinociceptive activity using peripheral and central models of nociception and the results were compared with raw guggulu. All the samples showed significant antioxidant activity over raw guggulu (IC50 value of 215.46 µg/ml) with IC50 values ranging from 46.87 to 156.89 µg/ml. Guggulu purified in nirgundi swaras with haldi curna showed maximum antioxidant activity at IC50 value of 29.97 µg/ml while minimum activity was shown by guggulu purified with water at IC50 value of 156.89 µg/ml which was still better over raw guggulu. All purified guggulu samples showed antinociceptive activity over raw guggulu with PG-6 exhibiting maximum activity (65.97 % in acetic acid induced writhing model and 40.53 % in tail flick model) while minimum activity of 42.77 % in acetic acid induced writhing model and 27.23 % in tail flick model was exhibited by PG-1.
Key Words:- Antinociceptive, antioxidant, raw and purified guggulu.
References:
1.Deng R. Therapeutic effects of guggul and its constituent guggulsterone: cardiovascular benefits. Cardiovasc Drug Rev. 2007; 25: 375-90.
2.Chunekar KC, Pandey GS. Bhavaprakasa Nighantu. Chaukhambha Bharati Academy, Varanasi, 2002, 204-8.
3.Satyavadi GV. Gum guggul (Commiphora mukul)- The success story of an ancient insight leading to a modern discovery. Indian J Med Res. 2009; 87: 327-35.
4.Nityanand S, Srivastava JS, Asthana OP. Clinical trials with gugulipid- a new hypolipidaemic agent. J Assoc Physicians India 1989; 37: 323-8.
5.Agarwal RC, Singh SP, Saran RK, Das SK, Sinha N, Asthana OP, Gupta PP, Nityanand S, Dhawan BN, Agarwal SS. Clinical trial of gugulipid—A new hypolipidemic agent of plant origin in primary hyperlipidemia. Ind J Med Res. 1986; 84: 626-34.
6.Atta-ur-Rahman, Choudhary MI, Shaheen F, Ashraf M, Jahan S. Microbial transformations of hypolipemic E-guggulsterone. J Nat Prod. 1998; 61: 428-31.
7.Khanna DS, Agarval OP, Gupta SK, Arora RB. A bio-chemical approach to anti-atherosclerotic action of Commiphora mukul: an Indian indigenous drug, in Indian domestic pigs (Sus scrofa). Ind J Med Res. 1969; 57: 900.
8.Arya VP. Gugulipid. Drugs Future 1988; 13: 618-9.
9.Gujral ML, Sareen K, Tangri KK, Amma MK, Roy AK.Antiarthritic and anti-inflammatory activity of gum guggul (Balsamodendron mukul Hook). Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1960; 4: 267-73.
10.Singh BB, Mishra LC, Vinjamury SP, Aquilina N, Singh VJ, Shepard N. The effectiveness of Commiphora mukul for osteoarthritis of the knee: an outcome study. Alter Therap. 2003; 9: 74-9.
11.Khanna D, Sethi G, Ahn KS,Pandey MK, Kunnumakkara AB, Sung B et al . Natural products as a gold mine for arthritis treatment. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2007; 7: 344-51.
12.Shanthakumari G, Gujral ML,Sareen K. Further studies on the anti-arthritic and anti-inflammatory activities of gum guggul. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1964; 8: 36.
13.Arora RB, Taneja V, SharmaRC, Gupta SK. Anti-inflammatory studies on a crystalline steroid isolated from Commiphora mukul. Indian J Med Res. 1972; 60: 929-31.
14.Sosa S, Tubaro A, Della Loggia R, Bombardelli E.Anti-inflammatory activity of Commiphora mukul extracts. Pharmacol Res. 1993: 89-90.
15.Kimura I, Yoshikawa M, Kobayashi S, Sugihara Y, Suzuki M, Oominami H et al. New triterpenes, Myrrhanol A and Myrrhanone A, from Guggul-gum resins, and their potent anti-inflammatory effect on adjuvant-induced air-pouch granuloma of mice. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2001; 11: 985-9.
16.Chander R, Khanna AK, Pratap R.Antioxidant activity of guggulsterone, the active principle of guggulipid from Commiphora mukul. J Med Aromat Plant Sci. 2002; 24: 371-5.
17.Zhu N, Rafi MM, Dipaola RS,Xin J,Chin CK,Badmaev V et al. Bioactive constituents from gum guggul (Commiphora wightii). Phytochemistry 2001; 56: 723-7.
18.Meselhy MR. Inhibition of LPS-induced NO production by the oleogum resin of Commiphora wightii and its constituents. Phytochemistry 2003; 62: 213-8.
19.Saeed MA, Sabir AW. Antibacterial activities of some constituents from oleo-gum-resin of Commiphora mukul. Fitoterapia 2004; 75: 204-8.
20.Sarbhoy AK, Varshney JL, Maheshwari ML, Saxena DB. Efficacy of some essential oils and their constituents on few ubiquitous molds. Zentralbl Bakteriol Naturwiss. 1978; 133: 723-5.
21.Shara S, Khan N, Sultana S. Balsamodendron mukul suppresses benzoyl peroxide and ultraviolet light induced tumor promotional events in Swiss mice. J Phytochem Phytobiol, B: Biol. 2005; 78: 43-51.
22.Padmaja R, Arun PC, Prashanth D, Deepak M, Amit A, Anjana M. Brine shrimp lethality bioassay of selected Indian medicinal plants. Fitoterapia 2002; 73: 508-10.
23.Tripathi YB, Malhotra OP, Tripathi SN. Thyroid stimulating action of Z- Guggulsterone obtained from Commiphora mukul. Planta Med. 1984; 1: 78-80.
24.Panda S, Kar A. Guggulu (Commiphora mukul) induces triiodothyronine production: possible involvement of lipid peroxidation. Life Sci. 1999; 65: 137-41.
25.Chander R, Rizvi F, Khanna AK, Pratap R. Cardioprotective activity of synthetic guggulsterone (E and Z- isomers) in isoproterenol induced myocardial ischemia in rats: a comparative study. Indian J Clin Biochem. 2003; 18: 71-9.
26.Bordia A, Chuttani SK. Effect of gum guggulu on fibrinolysis and platelet adhesiveness in coronary heart disease. Indian J Med Res. 1979; 70: 992-6.
27.Mester L, Mester M, Nityanand S. Inhibition of platelet aggregation by guggulu steroids. Planta Med. 1979; 37: 367-9.
28.Masten SA. Gum guggul and some of its steroidal constituents: review of toxicological literature. Integrated Laboratory Systems, Inc. Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Document prepared for National Toxicology Program (NTP), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health, U.S Department of Health and Human Services, February 2005; 2: 1-49.
29.Anonymous. The Ayurvedic Formulary of India. Edn 2, Vol. I, Department of Indian Systems of Medicine and Homeopathy, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, New Delhi, 2003, 63-71.
30.Sangle VD, Nadkarni SD, Vahalia MK, Darp MS. The study of effect of ayurvedic processing of Commiphora wightii on gastric irritancy index in experimental animals. Indian Drugs 2004; 41: 268-71.
31.Karan M, Sarup P, Suneja V, Vasisht K. Effect of traditional purification processes of guggulu on carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2012; 21: 1-5.
32.Kato K, Terao S, Shimamoto N, Hirata M. Studies of active oxygen species 1. Synthesis and biological activity of 2-O-alkyl ascorbic acids. J Med Chem1988; 31: 793-8.
33.Koster R, Anderson M, De Beer EJ. Acetic acid for analgesic screening. Fed Proc 1959; 18: 412.
34.Vogel HG, Vogel WH. Drug Discovery and Evaluation Pharmacological Assay. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Publication, New York, 2002, 716-7.
35.Vogel HG, Vogel WH. Drug Discovery and Evaluation Pharmacological Assay. Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York Publication, New York, 2002, 698-700.
36.Gupta RK, Tandon VR. Antinociceptive activity of Vitex negundo Linn. leaf extract. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2005; 49: 163-70.
37.Nagarsekar KS, Nagarsenker MS, Kulkarni SR. Antioxidant and antilipid peroxidation potential of supercritical fluid extract and ethanol extract of leaves of Vitex negundo Linn. Indian J Pharm Sci 2011; 73: 422-9.
38.Ramadan G, Al-Kahtani MA, El-Sayed WM. Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of Curcuma longa (turmeric) versus Zingiber officinale (ginger) rhizomes in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis. Inflammation 2011; 34: 291-301.
Article citation:-
Maninder Karan, Prerna Sarup & Karan Vasisht. Evaluation of antioxidant and antinociceptive potential of raw and purified guggulu. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1150-1158.
Copyright © 2013 Maninder Karan,Prerna Sarup & Karan Vasisht. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case report:-
*1Keswani Kiran,2Babaji Prashant, 3Punga Rohit, 4 Choudhary Swati & 5Kamble Suresh
Affiliation:-
1,4 Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry,2Associate Professor, Department of Pedodontics, 3,Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Surgery, Vyas dental College, Jodhpur, India, 5Professor Department of Prasthodontics, MIDC dental college, Latur, Maharastra, India.
Abstract:
Mandibular molars sometimes can present with variation called radix entomolaris, which is an additional root located distolingually (the radix entomolaris). If present, an awareness and understanding of this unusual root and its root canal morphology can contribute to the successful outcome of the root canal treatment. This case report discusses the morphological characteristics of radix entomolaris and judicious clinical approach towards its successful endodontic treatment.
Key Words: Distolingual root, Endodontic management, Radix entomolaris.
References:-
1.De moore R.J.G., Deroose C.A.J.G., Calberson F.L. The radix entomolaris in mandibular first molars: an endodontic challenge. Int Endod J 2004; 37:789-99.
2.Calberson FL, De Moor RJ, Deroose CA. The Radix Entomolaris and Paramolaris: clinical approach in endodontics, J Enodod 2007; 33(1):58-63.
3.Abella F, Patel S, Duran-Sindreu F, Mercade M, Roig M. Mandibular first molars with disto-lingual roots: review and clinical management. Int Endod J 2012; 45(11):963-78.
4.Song JS, Choi HJ, Jung IY, Jung HS, Kim SO. The prevalence and morphologic classification of distolingual roots in the mandibular molars in a Korean population. J of Endod 2010; 36: 653-7.
5.Visser JB. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der menschlichen Zahnwurzelformen. Hilversum: Rotting 1948; 49-72.
6.Yew SC, Chan K. A retrospective study of endodontically treated mandibular first molars in a Chinese population. J Endod 1993; 19(9): 471-3.
7.Patel S. New dimensions in endodontic imaging: part 2. Cone beam computed tomography. Int Endod J 2009; 42: 463-75.
Article citation:-
Keswani Kiran et al. Endodontic management of Radix Entomolaris-a case report. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1247-1249.
Copyright © 2013 Keswani Kiran et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:-
Tank Gyaneshwar1*, Singh Prashant P2, Singh Gajraj3, Ahmed Parvez4, Philip Rajiv5, Singh Amit6 & Gupta Amit6
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Prof & Head,2Junior Resident,3Lecturer,4Professor,5Senior Resident,6Junior Resident,Orthopaedics Department., LLRM Medical College, Meerut,U.P,India.
Abstract:
Background: Periarthritis of shoulder is a common condition of uncertain aetiology characterized by a significant restriction of both active and passive shoulder motion that occurs in the absence of a known intrinsic shoulder disorder. It is also referred to as frozen shoulder and adhesive capsulitis. Though a self limiting condition, lasting 4–36 months, it may leave behind residual disabilities. Various conservative and invasive treatment modalities are available, but there is no consensus on its standard management.
Aims and objective: (1) to assess the efficacy of intra-articular injection of high molecular weight sodium hyaluronate (SH) on functional outcome in periarthritis shoulder and, (2) to compare with the efficacy of intra-articular corticosteroid (methylprednisolone).
Method: This prospective, double blind, RCT included 200 patients, selected from the OPD of LLRM Medical College, Meerut. They were randomized in two groups: A and B. Group A received intra-articular injection of methyl-prednisolone with xylocaine. Group B received intra-articular injection of SH (with xylocaine). Posterior injection technique was used under ultrasound guidance. 166 patients completed treatment and follow-up. Quick DASH score, total shoulder flexion, and total shoulder abduction (passive) were used as criteria for assessment of outcome. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test was used for comparison within same group. Mann Whitney test was used to compare group A with group B. Follow-up period was 6 months.
Result and conclusion: SH injection caused significant improvement in shoulder function within one week. The effect lasted for at least 6 months. Similar pattern and degree of improvement was seen in corticosteroid group. No significant side effects were observed in either group. We suggest that SH may be used as an alternative drug to popular steroid use for the patients of periarthritis shoulder. This drug may be very useful when steroid related side effects are a concern.
Key Words: Hyaluronate, steroid, periarthritis, frozen, shoulder, adhesive capsulitis.
References:-
1.Bunker TD, Esler CN. Frozen shoulder and lipids. J Bone Joint Surg Br 1995; 77:684-6.
2.Zuckerman J, Cuomo F, Rokito S. Definition and classification of frozen shoulder: a consensus approach. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 1994; 3:S72.
3.Arkkila, P. E., et al. "Shoulder capsulitis in type I and II diabetic patients: association with diabetic complications and related diseases." Annals of the rheumatic diseases 1996; 55(12): 907-91.
4.Bridgman JF. Periarthritis of the shoulder and diabetes mellitus. Ann Rheum Dis. Jan 1972; 31(1):69-71.
5.Balci, Nilüfer, Mustafa Kemal Balci, and Serdar Tüzüner. "Shoulder adhesive capsulitis and shoulder range of motion in type II diabetes mellitus: association with diabetic complications." Journal of Diabetes and its Complications 13.3 (1999): 135
6.Hand C, Clipsham K, Rees JL, Carr AJ. Long-term outcome of frozen shoulder. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2008; 17:231.
7.Hannafin, Jo A. MD, PhD; Chiaia, Theresa A. PT. Adhesive Capsulitis: A Treatment Approach: Clinical Orthopaedics & Related Research 2000; 372:95-109.
8.Lequesne, M., et al. "Increased association of diabetes mellitus with capsulitis of the shoulder and shoulder-hand syndrome." Scandinavian journal of rheumatology 1977; 6.1: 53.
9.Vastamäki, Heidi. "The natural history of idiopathic frozen shoulder: a 2-to 27-year follow-up study." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® 470.4 2012: 1133-43.
10.Reeves, B. "The natural history of the frozen shoulder syndrome." Scandinavian journal of rheumatology 1975; 4(4): 193-6.
11.Shaffer, Benjamin, J. E. Tibone, and Robert K. Kerlan. "Frozen shoulder. A long-term follow-up." The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American 1992; 74(5):738.
12.Green S, Buchbinder R, Hetrick S-Physiotherapy interventions for shoulder pain. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003 ;( 2):CD004258.
13.Green, Sally, et al. "Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of interventions for painful shoulder: selection criteria, outcome assessment, and efficacy." BMJ: British Medical Journal 1998: 354-60.
14.Jiang, Dianhua, Jiurong Liang, and Paul W. Noble. "Hyaluronan in tissue injury and repair." Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 2007; 23: 435-61.
15.Calis Mustafa, et al. "Is intraarticular sodium hyaluronate injection an alternative treatment in patients with adhesive capsulitis?" Rheumatology international 2006; 26(6): 536-40.
16.Rovetta, G., and P. Monteforte. "Intraarticular injection of sodium hyaluronate plus steroid versus steroid in adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder." International journal of tissue reactions 1998; 20(4): 125.
17.Saito, Seiji, Takefumi Furuya, and Shigeru Kotake. "Therapeutic effects of hyaluronate injections in patients with chronic painful shoulder: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials." Arthritis Care & Research 2010; 62(7): 1009-18.
18.Neviaser, Andrew S., and Robert J. Neviaser. "Adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons 2011; 19(9): 536-42.
19.Foster, Nadine E., et al. "Research priorities for non-pharmacological therapies for common musculoskeletal problems: nationally and internationally agreed recommendations." BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 2009; 10(1): 3.
20.Fayad, Fouad, et al. "Reliability, validity and responsiveness of the French version of the questionnaire Quick Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand in shoulder disorders." Manual Therapy 2009; 14(2): 206-12.
21.Mintken, Paul E., Paul Glynn, and Joshua A. Cleland. "Psychometric properties of the shortened disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire (Quick DASH) and Numeric Pain Rating Scale in patients with shoulder pain." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 2009; 18(6): 920-6.
22.Randomized controlled trials." Arthritis Care & Research 2010; 62(7): 1009-18.
23.Tamai, Kazuya, et al. "Synovial response to intraarticular injections of hyaluronate in frozen shoulder: a quantitative assessment with dynamic magnetic resonance imaging." Journal of Orthopaedic Science 2004; 9(3): 230-4.
24.Itokazu, Mansho, and Takanobu Matsunaga. "Clinical evaluation of high—molecular-weight sodium hyaluronate for the treatment of patients with periarthritis of the shoulder." Clinical therapeutics 1995; 17(5): 946-55.
25.Leardini, Gianni, et al. "Intra-articular injections of hyaluronic acid in the treatment of painful shoulder." Clinical therapeutics 1988; 10(5): 521.
26.Binder, A. I., et al. "Frozen shoulder: a long-term prospective study." Annals of the rheumatic diseases 1984; 43(3): 361-4.
27.Neviaser, Robert J., and Thomas J. Neviaser. "The frozen shoulder diagnosis and management." Clinical orthopaedics and related research 1987; 223: 59-64.
28.Lee, Hong-Jae, et al. "Randomized controlled trial for efficacy of intra-articular injection for adhesive capsulitis: ultrasonography-guided versus blind technique." Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation 2009; 90(12):1997-2002.
Article citation:-
Tank Gyaneshwar et al. Efficacy of high molecular weight sodium hyaluronate in periarthritis of shoulder- A randomised controlled study. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1170-1177.
Copyright © 2013 Tank Gyaneshwar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
Original work is properly cited.