DocumentsDate added
Original article:-
Nair Sindhu1*, Bhat Kishore2, Nayak Ramakant3, Kotrashetti Vijayalakshmi4 & Babji Deepa5
Affiliation:-
1Postgraduate student, 3Professor and Head,4Reader, 5Senior lecturer,Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, 2Professor and Head,Department of Microbiology, Maratha Mandal’s NGH Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre.Near K.S.R.P.Ground, R.S.No.47/2, Bauxite Road, Belgaum.( Karnataka), India.
Abstract:
Introduction: Mutans streptococci (MS) and Lactobacilli are well known as cariogenic oral bacteria. MS has primarily been linked with initial caries development and lactobacilli with the progression of the caries lesion. Recent research suggests that even though lactobacilli have a role in progression of dental caries, they may also act as antimicrobial agents in the oral cavity.
Aim: To assess the relationship between MS and Lactobacillus in caries-free and high caries risk individuals.
Materials & Methods: 60 subjects (Group A – 30 caries free, Group B - 30 high caries risk individuals) in the age group of 16-25 years were considered for the study. Caries-free subjects were with a DMFT = 0, while those in the high risk group had a DMFT ≥ 3 with atleast 1 active carious lesion at the time of clinical examination. Plaque samples were collected and then cultured on Mann Rogosa Sharpe agar for Lactobacilli screening and on Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin agar for MS. Samples which were positive for both MS and lactobacillus were further cultured together. The interference capacity of Lactobacillus was then checked. Statistical analysis was done using Chi square test and Spearman rank correlation coefficient.
Results: On primary culture, Group A individuals were colonized predominantly by MS while those of Group B were colonized by both micro-organisms. On co-culturing, inhibitory effect was observed only in 1 case in Group A, while in Group B, inhibitory effect was observed in 15 cases and 1 case showed absence of inhibition. Statistically significant correlation between DMF and presence of lactobacillus was also found.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that lactobacillus has an inhibitory effect on MS group in vitro. Slight to complete inhibition was observed in the high risk caries individuals, while caries-free individuals did not show very specific results.
Key Words: Caries; Inhibition; Lactobacilli; Mutans streptococci.
References:
1.Takahashi N, Nyvad B. The Role of Bacteria in the Caries Process: Ecological Perspectives . J Dent Res 2011; 90(3):294-303.
2.Simark-Mattsson C, Emilson C-G, Grahn Hakansson E, Jacobsson C, Roos K, Holm S. Lactobacillus-mediated interference of mutans streptococci in caries-free vs. caries-active subjects . Eur J Oral Sci 2007; 115: 308–314
3.Lembo FL, Longo PL, Ota-Tsuzuki C, Rodrigues CRMD, Mayer MPA. Genotypic and phenotypic analysis of Streptococcus mutans from different oral cavity sites of caries-free and caries-active children.Oral Microbiol Immunol 2007: 22: 313–9.
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14.Chung J, Ha ES, Park HR, Kim S. Isolation and characterization of Lactobacillus species inhibiting the formation of Streptococcus mutans biofilm. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2004; 19(3): 214-216
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17.Koll-Klais P, Mandar R, Leibur E, Marcotte H, Hammarstrom L, Mikelsaar M. Oral lactobacilli in chronic periodontitis and periodontal health: species composition and antimicrobial activity. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2005; 20: 354–61.
18.Corby PM, Bretz WA, Hart TC, Schork NJ, Wessel J, Lyons-Weiler J, and Paster BJ. Heritability of Oral Microbial Species in Caries-Active and Caries-Free Twins Twin Res Hum Genet. 2007 December ; 10(6): 821–8.
Article citation:-
Nair Sindhu et al. Effect of Lactobacillus on Mutans Streptococcus in caries-free and high caries risk individuals. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1192-1198.
Copyright © 2013 Nair Sindhu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:-
Tank Gyaneshwar1*, Singh Prashant P2, Singh Gajraj3, Ahmed Parvez4, Philip Rajiv5, Singh Amit6 & Gupta Amit6
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Prof & Head,2Junior Resident,3Lecturer,4Professor,5Senior Resident,6Junior Resident,Orthopaedics Department., LLRM Medical College, Meerut,U.P,India.
Abstract:
Background: Periarthritis of shoulder is a common condition of uncertain aetiology characterized by a significant restriction of both active and passive shoulder motion that occurs in the absence of a known intrinsic shoulder disorder. It is also referred to as frozen shoulder and adhesive capsulitis. Though a self limiting condition, lasting 4–36 months, it may leave behind residual disabilities. Various conservative and invasive treatment modalities are available, but there is no consensus on its standard management.
Aims and objective: (1) to assess the efficacy of intra-articular injection of high molecular weight sodium hyaluronate (SH) on functional outcome in periarthritis shoulder and, (2) to compare with the efficacy of intra-articular corticosteroid (methylprednisolone).
Method: This prospective, double blind, RCT included 200 patients, selected from the OPD of LLRM Medical College, Meerut. They were randomized in two groups: A and B. Group A received intra-articular injection of methyl-prednisolone with xylocaine. Group B received intra-articular injection of SH (with xylocaine). Posterior injection technique was used under ultrasound guidance. 166 patients completed treatment and follow-up. Quick DASH score, total shoulder flexion, and total shoulder abduction (passive) were used as criteria for assessment of outcome. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test was used for comparison within same group. Mann Whitney test was used to compare group A with group B. Follow-up period was 6 months.
Result and conclusion: SH injection caused significant improvement in shoulder function within one week. The effect lasted for at least 6 months. Similar pattern and degree of improvement was seen in corticosteroid group. No significant side effects were observed in either group. We suggest that SH may be used as an alternative drug to popular steroid use for the patients of periarthritis shoulder. This drug may be very useful when steroid related side effects are a concern.
Key Words: Hyaluronate, steroid, periarthritis, frozen, shoulder, adhesive capsulitis.
References:-
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3.Arkkila, P. E., et al. "Shoulder capsulitis in type I and II diabetic patients: association with diabetic complications and related diseases." Annals of the rheumatic diseases 1996; 55(12): 907-91.
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5.Balci, Nilüfer, Mustafa Kemal Balci, and Serdar Tüzüner. "Shoulder adhesive capsulitis and shoulder range of motion in type II diabetes mellitus: association with diabetic complications." Journal of Diabetes and its Complications 13.3 (1999): 135
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9.Vastamäki, Heidi. "The natural history of idiopathic frozen shoulder: a 2-to 27-year follow-up study." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research® 470.4 2012: 1133-43.
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Article citation:-
Tank Gyaneshwar et al. Efficacy of high molecular weight sodium hyaluronate in periarthritis of shoulder- A randomised controlled study. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1170-1177.
Copyright © 2013 Tank Gyaneshwar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
Original work is properly cited.
Case report:-
*1Keswani Kiran,2Babaji Prashant, 3Punga Rohit, 4 Choudhary Swati & 5Kamble Suresh
Affiliation:-
1,4 Senior Lecturer, Department of Conservative Dentistry,2Associate Professor, Department of Pedodontics, 3,Senior Lecturer, Department of Oral Surgery, Vyas dental College, Jodhpur, India, 5Professor Department of Prasthodontics, MIDC dental college, Latur, Maharastra, India.
Abstract:
Mandibular molars sometimes can present with variation called radix entomolaris, which is an additional root located distolingually (the radix entomolaris). If present, an awareness and understanding of this unusual root and its root canal morphology can contribute to the successful outcome of the root canal treatment. This case report discusses the morphological characteristics of radix entomolaris and judicious clinical approach towards its successful endodontic treatment.
Key Words: Distolingual root, Endodontic management, Radix entomolaris.
References:-
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3.Abella F, Patel S, Duran-Sindreu F, Mercade M, Roig M. Mandibular first molars with disto-lingual roots: review and clinical management. Int Endod J 2012; 45(11):963-78.
4.Song JS, Choi HJ, Jung IY, Jung HS, Kim SO. The prevalence and morphologic classification of distolingual roots in the mandibular molars in a Korean population. J of Endod 2010; 36: 653-7.
5.Visser JB. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der menschlichen Zahnwurzelformen. Hilversum: Rotting 1948; 49-72.
6.Yew SC, Chan K. A retrospective study of endodontically treated mandibular first molars in a Chinese population. J Endod 1993; 19(9): 471-3.
7.Patel S. New dimensions in endodontic imaging: part 2. Cone beam computed tomography. Int Endod J 2009; 42: 463-75.
Article citation:-
Keswani Kiran et al. Endodontic management of Radix Entomolaris-a case report. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1247-1249.
Copyright © 2013 Keswani Kiran et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:-
Maninder Karan*1, Prerna Sarup2 & Karan Vasisht3
Affiliation:-
M. Pharm., Ph. D. 1*, M. Pharm.2, and M. Pharm., Ph. D.1, 1,2,University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences–UGC Centre for Advanced Studies Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Abstract:
Raw guggulu (RG) was purified by seven different methods to get pure guggulu (PG-1 to PG-7) using triphla kasaya (PG-1), cow urine (PG-2), cow milk (PG-3), vasa swarasa (PG-4), vasa kasaya (PG-5), nirgundi swaras with haldi curna (PG-6) and water (PG-7). The guggulu purified by each method was evaluated in vitro for its antioxidant activity and in vivo for antinociceptive activity using peripheral and central models of nociception and the results were compared with raw guggulu. All the samples showed significant antioxidant activity over raw guggulu (IC50 value of 215.46 µg/ml) with IC50 values ranging from 46.87 to 156.89 µg/ml. Guggulu purified in nirgundi swaras with haldi curna showed maximum antioxidant activity at IC50 value of 29.97 µg/ml while minimum activity was shown by guggulu purified with water at IC50 value of 156.89 µg/ml which was still better over raw guggulu. All purified guggulu samples showed antinociceptive activity over raw guggulu with PG-6 exhibiting maximum activity (65.97 % in acetic acid induced writhing model and 40.53 % in tail flick model) while minimum activity of 42.77 % in acetic acid induced writhing model and 27.23 % in tail flick model was exhibited by PG-1.
Key Words:- Antinociceptive, antioxidant, raw and purified guggulu.
References:
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Article citation:-
Maninder Karan, Prerna Sarup & Karan Vasisht. Evaluation of antioxidant and antinociceptive potential of raw and purified guggulu. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1150-1158.
Copyright © 2013 Maninder Karan,Prerna Sarup & Karan Vasisht. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:-
Jai Ram Kaundal1*, Nishant Negi2,V.P. Sharma3,G.K Singh4
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor,2Lecturer,Department. of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics;H.P.Govt. Dental College and Hospital; Shimla, Himachal Pradesh- 171001; India.
3Professor and Principal, Dental College Barabanki U.P.,India.
4Professor, Deptt. Of orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics,K.G.M.U.,Lucknow,U.P.India.
Abstract:
Aim:- To evaluate crowding in relation to tooth size, arch size and arch form in North-East Indian population. Material and methods-This study was conducted on study casts obtained from 40 subjects of North East origin who were divided into crowded and noncrowded group. For each of the subjects cumulative tooth width, arch width, arch length, arch perimeter, overjet, overbite, curve of spee, palatal vault height and arch form were measured. Student’s t test was used to compare two groups.
Results:- Crowded male samples had increased total tooth material with decreased arch perimeter and intermolar width. Crowded female sample had increased total tooth material with reduced arch perimeter and arch length. Conclusion:- Crowding was associated with reduced arch perimeter, reduced intermolar width and increased total tooth material in North-East Indian population.
Key Words: Arch form, Arch size, Crowding.
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Article citation:-
Kaundal Jai Ram et al. Evaluation of crowding in relation to tooth size, arch size and arch form in North-east Indian population. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1199-1204.
Copyright © 2013 Kaundal Jai Ram et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.