DocumentsDate added
Research article:-
S Kannan*, PM Anwar Sadath1, J Nandhakumar2, N Senthilkumar3 , Aniket** Kumar & MG Tyagi**
Affiliation:-
*, 1, 3 Department of Pharmacy Practice, JKKMMRF CP, Namakkal- 638 183, Tamil Nadu, India.
2 Department of Pharmacology, MNR Colllege of Pharmacy, Sangareddy-, A.P, India.
** Department of Pharmacology, Christian Medical College, Vellore - 632 002,Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract:
Background & objectives: Pre-eclampsia is a syndrome characterized by hypertension and proteinuria that is occurring during the 2nd and 3rd trimester of pregnancy or after the 20th week of gestation. It can cause disseminated intravascular coagulation, vasospasm, sodium retention, and seizures; the occurrence of seizures in pre-eclamptic women marks the onset of eclampsia.
Methods: This study is conducted in BM hospital Pulikkal, Malappuram, Kerala. A total of 80 pre-eclamptic patients were enrolled in the treatment program. A prospective observational study was carried out and compared the safety and efficacy of Methyldopa and Nifedipine on maternal blood pressure as well as maternal and fetal outcomes in patients with pre-eclampsia, in which 40 patents were taking Methyldopa and the remaining 40 patients were taking Nifedipine.
Results: The study population is divided into two groups viz., Nifedipine and Methyldopa group. The reduction of systolic and diastolic blood pressure was greater in Nifedipine group than in Methyldopa group. The P value of systolic blood pressure after first review, second review and BP after 42 days was 0.001, which was significant. P value of decreasing blood pressure on first review and second review were 0.002 and 0.001 respectively, which was also significant. The reduction of proteinuria values was greater in Nifedipine group than Methyldopa group. The P value of proteinuria values after second review was 0.001, which was significant. P value of decreasing proteinuria value on first and second review was 0.001, which was also significant
Interpretation & Conclusions: Nifedipine administration resulted in beneficial effects on reducing both systolic and diagnostic blood pressure in pre-eclamptic patients. The Methyldopa also has considerable effect, but not to the extent of Nifedipine.
Key words:- Hypertension, Methyldopa, Nifedipine,Preeclampsia , Proteinuria, Pregnant.
References:-
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Article citation:-
Tyagi et al. A Prospective study comparing methyldopa and nifedipine for the treatment of hypertension in patients with pre-eclampsia in a tertiary care hospital, Kerela, India. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1123-1129.
Copyright © 2013 Tyagi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:-
Vijay Ramegowdanapura Malleshappa1,Jayasheelan Mambally Rachaiah2* & Niranjan Mambally Rachaiah3
Affiliations:-
1MD (General Medicine)., DNB (Nephrology), Consultant Nephrologist, Apollo BGS Hospitals, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
2MD (Internal Medicine)., DNB., MNAMS, Assistant Professor, Department Of Medicine, Mysore Medical College & Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
3MD (Internal Medicine)., DNB., MNAMS, Assistant Professor, Department Of Medicine, Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan 573201 Karnataka, India.
Abstract:
Background: Tacrolimus is an immunosuppressive agent which improves clinical outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. The risk of tacrolimus nephrotoxicity was higher in patients with high systemic exposure of tacrolimus during the early post transplant period. Hence we made an effort to monitor tacrolimus levels and related nephrotoxicity.
Aims: To find out the incidence of tacrolimus nephrotoxicity and to correlate with tacrolimus levels.
Materials and Methods: A prospective cross sectional study. Tacrolimus levels were estimated and looked for nephrotoxicity by renal biopsy. Pearson’s Chi Square test was applied.
Results: Tacrolimus level estimations done on 135 recipients. The average mean level was 6.9±1.8 ng/ml. Early tacrolimus toxicity was diagnosed in two (22.2%) recipients, while most (4–44.4%) were in the 4–6 months follow-up period. More rejection seen in recipients having lower mean tacrolimus levels in the early (≤30days) post transplant period. Four (44.4%) patients with tacrolimus toxicity had acute rejection. During
30 days there were two events of toxicity among patients having mean level >10 ng/ml.
Conclusion:No significant correlation found between average tacrolimus trough levels and nephrotoxicity. However patients with nephrotoxicity had high tacrolimus trough levels just before the event. Hence nephrotoxicity cannot be predicted based on mean tacrolimus levels alone.
Key Words: Tacrolimus Nephrotoxicity, Renal Transplantation, Graft Rejection.
References:
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10.Undre NA, van Hooff J, Christianns M, et al. Low systemic exposure to tacrolimus correlates with acute rejection. Transplant Proc 1999;31:296-8.
11.Backman L, Levy MF, Klintmalm, and the FK506 Multicentre Study Group. Whole-blood and plasma levels of FK506 after liver transplantation: Results from the US Multicentre Trial. Transplant Proc 1995; 27:1124.
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14.Japanese FK506 Study Group. Japanese Study of FK506 on kidney transplantation: The benefit of monitoring the whole blood FK506 concentration. Transplant Proc 1991;23:3085-8.
15.Ochiai T, Ishibashi M, Fukao K, et al. Japanese multicenter studies of FK506 in renal transplantation. Transpl Proc 1995;27:50.
16.Abu-Elmagd K, Fung JJ, Alessiani M, et al. The effect of graft function on FK506 plasma levels, dosages, and renal function, with particular reference to the liver. Transplantation 1991;52:71.
17.Takahara S. Efficacy of FK506 in renal transplantation. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993;696:235.
18.Porayko MK, Textor SC, Krom RAF, et al. Nephrotoxic effects of primary immunosuppression with FK506 and cyclosporine regimens after liver transplantation. Mayo Clinic Proc 1994;69:105.
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Article citation:-
Vijay R M, Jayasheelan M R, Niranjan M R. A correlative study of tacrolimus levels with nephrotoxicity in post renal transplanted patients. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1130-1136.
Copyright © 2013 Vijay R M, Jayasheelan M R & Niranjan M R. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:-
*1Asadi-Shekaari M, 2Kalantari Pour TP, 3Namazian E, 4Arab Nejad F, 1Zangiabadi N, & 1Afarinesh Khaki MR
1Neuroscience Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
2Midwifery and Nursing Faculty, Branch of Kerman, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran.
3Midwifery student, Member of Student Research Committee, Kerman Medical University, Kerman, Iran.
4Medical student, Member of Student Research Committee, Kerman Medical University,
Kerman, Iran.
Abstract:
Background & objective for the study: Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability in developed countries. Oxidative stress and inflammation are involved in the pathophysiology of this disease. Walnut kernels (WKs) are a highly nutritious food due to their large amount of phenolic compounds. These compounds have beneficial effects on human health due to their obvious antioxidant and anti-atherogenic properties. The aim of this study was to determine whether or not a WK diet had cerebroprotective effects on the focal ischemic brain.
Methods: Male Wistar rats were fed with equal amounts of a WK-enriched diet or a control diet. After 8 weeks of feeding, middle cerebral artery occlusion was induced for 30 min followed by 48 h reperfusion. After behavioural testing, the animals were sacrificed and their brains were removed for histological, ultrastructural, immunohistochemical and biochemical studies.
Results: The results showed that the animals which received a WK-enriched diet had a significant reduction in neuronal damage induced by ischemic reperfusion compared to the controls.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that pre-treatment with WKs reduces the severity of cerebral ischemic injury.
Key Words: Antioxidant; fatty acids; inflammation; MCAO; Walnut.
References:
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Article citation:-
Asadi-Shekaari et al. Feeding with walnut (Juglans regia) reduces cerebral ischemic damage in rats. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1137-1142.
Copyright © 2013 Asadi-Shekaari et al.. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:-
D. Lalitha Devi1*,K. Satyanarayana Murthy2 , Shaswat Kumar Patnaik3 & V. Subbi Reddy4
Affiliation:-
1Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, 2Professor and H.O.D, Department of Pharmacology, 3Associate Professor, Department of Anasthesiology,4Tutor,Department of Pharmacology, GSL Medical college, Rajahmundry, A.P., India.
Abstract: -
Objectives: To study the hemodynamic and respiratory effects of Propofol and Thiopentone during induction and maintenance of anaesthesia for short surgical procedures. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 60 adult female patients of ASA grade 1 and grade 2 aged between 18- 60 years presenting for short surgical procedures in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology of GSL General Hospital during the period of January2007- October 2007. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. Group 1 patients received Propofol 2-2.5 mg per kg, and Group 2 patients received Thiopentone 4-6 mg per kg intravenously for the induction of anaesthesia. The pulse rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate were recorded at 1st, 5th and10th minutes respectively after induction. Presence or absence of apnoea, response of the patient to pain, perioperative evaluation for nausea and vomiting and recovery are observed. Results: In our study we have found that Propofol provided smooth and pleasant loss of consciousness.The time taken for induction of anaesthesia with both the drugs was similar and there is no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Regarding blood pressure changes, the fall in blood pressure was slightly more in Propofol group than Thiopentone which is statistically significant z=2.5(p<0.05). Recovery was very rapid and smooth in patients who received Propofol and highly significant statistically z=28.17(p<0.0001). Orientation time was less in patients receiving Propofol when compared with Thiopentone. z=30.29(p<0.0001). Incidence of nausea and vomiting is less in Propofol group. Conclusions: In this study it is concluded that Propofol is a better alternative to Thiopentone as main anaesthetic agent for short surgical procedures.
Key Words: Propofol, Thiopentone, anaesthetic agent, short surgical procedures.
References:-
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Article citation:-
D.Lalitha Devi et al. Comparative evaluation of propofol with thiopentone for short surgical procedures in a teaching hospital. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1143-1149.
Copyright © 2013 D.Lalitha Devi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:-
Tank Gyaneshwar1*, Singh Prashant P2, Singh Gajraj3, Ahmed Parvez4, Philip Rajiv5, Singh Amit6 & Gupta Amit6
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Prof & Head,2Junior Resident,3Lecturer,4Professor,5Senior Resident,6Junior Resident,Orthopaedics Department., LLRM Medical College, Meerut,U.P,India.
Abstract:
Background: Periarthritis of shoulder is a common condition of uncertain aetiology characterized by a significant restriction of both active and passive shoulder motion that occurs in the absence of a known intrinsic shoulder disorder. It is also referred to as frozen shoulder and adhesive capsulitis. Though a self limiting condition, lasting 4–36 months, it may leave behind residual disabilities. Various conservative and invasive treatment modalities are available, but there is no consensus on its standard management.
Aims and objective: (1) to assess the efficacy of intra-articular injection of high molecular weight sodium hyaluronate (SH) on functional outcome in periarthritis shoulder and, (2) to compare with the efficacy of intra-articular corticosteroid (methylprednisolone).
Method: This prospective, double blind, RCT included 200 patients, selected from the OPD of LLRM Medical College, Meerut. They were randomized in two groups: A and B. Group A received intra-articular injection of methyl-prednisolone with xylocaine. Group B received intra-articular injection of SH (with xylocaine). Posterior injection technique was used under ultrasound guidance. 166 patients completed treatment and follow-up. Quick DASH score, total shoulder flexion, and total shoulder abduction (passive) were used as criteria for assessment of outcome. Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-ranks test was used for comparison within same group. Mann Whitney test was used to compare group A with group B. Follow-up period was 6 months.
Result and conclusion: SH injection caused significant improvement in shoulder function within one week. The effect lasted for at least 6 months. Similar pattern and degree of improvement was seen in corticosteroid group. No significant side effects were observed in either group. We suggest that SH may be used as an alternative drug to popular steroid use for the patients of periarthritis shoulder. This drug may be very useful when steroid related side effects are a concern.
Key Words: Hyaluronate, steroid, periarthritis, frozen, shoulder, adhesive capsulitis.
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Article citation:-
Tank Gyaneshwar et al. Efficacy of high molecular weight sodium hyaluronate in periarthritis of shoulder- A randomised controlled study. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 June; 31(31): 1170-1177.
Copyright © 2013 Tank Gyaneshwar et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
Original work is properly cited.