DocumentsDate added
Research article:-
Narendra Kumar sah*1, Harnam Kaur2, Sheikh Ishaq3,K.S.Sodhi4,Jasbir Singh5,Neeru Bhaskar6 & Rajesh Pandey7
Affiliation:-
1Demonstrator, Department of Biochemistry. M.M. Medical College and Hospital, Solan, Himachal Pradesh.India.
4,5Professor, Department of Biochemistry. M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India.
3Postgraduate, Department of Biochemistry. M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India.
2,6,7Associate professor , Department of Biochemistry. M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana-133207, India.
Abstract:
One adult in ten will have diabetes by 2030; figures signify that the number of people living with diabetes is estimated to rise from 366 million in 2011 to 552 million by 2030, if no urgent action is taken. This equates to roughly three new cases every ten seconds or almost ten million per year. Microalbuminuria is present in approximately 40% of individuals after 5-10 years of type 1 DM and in 20-30% of all patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is especially common in those with hypertension. Hence, the present study was undertaken to detect microalbuminuria in type II diabetes mellitus and to find out the correlation between microalbuminuria and duration of diabetes and glycemic control as well as to find out the correlation between degree of microalbuminuria and cardiovascular risk. Microalbuminuria in Type 2 diabetes mellitus was significant as the prevalence rate of microalbuminuria in the present study was 73 %. In diabetic patients with CVD, age, FPG and microalbuminuria were higher as compared with healthy controls. Thus there was also significant difference in age, levels of FPG and microalbuminuria. There was strong correlation between microalbuminuria and glycemic control (p<0.001). There was also significant correlation of microalbuminuria with the duration of diabetes without and with CVD. With the increase in duration of diabetes, there was significant progression of microalbuminuria to macroalbuminuria. This correlation was found to be higher in diabetic patients with CVD as compared with diabetics without CVD. The frequency of microalbuminuria increases with the increase in duration of diabetes. It was found in the present study that the diabetic patients having CVD had microalbuminuria ≥ 30 mg/day. Strong correlation between microalbuminuria and cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes mellitus was observed. In our study, with the increasing duration, diabetic patients with CVD had higher value of microalbuminuria.
Key Words: Diabetes mellitus, Microalbuminuria, Cardiovascular disease.
References
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Article citation:-
Sah Kumar Narendra et al. Microalbuminuria as an independent risk factor of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 July; 32(32): 1324-1328. Available at http://www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2013 Sah K Narendra et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case study:-
*1El hag, Wafa, I, PhD. & 2Mahmoud ,Mohaned ,I H.
Affiliation:-
1Assistant professor – microbiology department, faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan
2MSc. Student, faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences- Sudan University of Science and Technology, Sudan.
Authors’ contributions
Both author contributed equally to this paper.
Abstract:
Objectives: this study aimed to determine the frequency of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies (IgG, IgM) among blood donors attending National Blood Transfusion Center- in Khartoum during period April 2012.
Materials & Methods: One hundred and eighty blood donors were enrolled in this study. Blood specimens collected and examined by ELISA technique (fourth generation).
Results: The anti HIV antibodies were detected among 2 (1.1%). Most of the donors examined were male176 (96.5%), young adult (21-30), and most of them were single 72 (42.5%).The study showed that there is no significant relationship between the positive results and the history of previous surgical operation, or blood transfusion because no one from the studied population had a history of blood transfusion.
Conclusion: The frequency of anti HIV antibodies among the studied population is not high, but, people working in blood transfusion center must take good care when they handle blood bags and specimens, and destroy any positive results.
Key Words: HIV, antibodies (IgG, IgM) , blood donors, ELISA technique.
References:
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Article citation:-
El hag, Wafa I. & Mahmoud, Mohaned I H. Frequency of HIV among blood donors attending national blood transfusion center-Khartoum,Sudan. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 July; 32(32): 1362-1366. Available at http://www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2013 El hag, Wafa I. & Mahmoud, Mohaned I H. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:-
Ebert R. Cumpa, M.D. 1, 2 & Oscar G.Pamo, M.D., F.A.C.P. 1,2
Affiliation:-
1 Internist, Department of Medicine, National Hospital ArzobispoLoayza, Lima.
2Faculty of Medicine Alberto Hurtado, Peruvian University Cayetano Heredia, Lima.
Abstract:
Objective: To know the sensitivity of the Candida spp. to the most common antimycotic antibiotics in cultured samples from patients without a previous antifungal treatment.
Material and Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out with the isolated positive cultures for Candida spp. in the Microbiology Laboratory of the National Hospital ArzobispoLoayza, Lima. The used culture was Sabouraud´s agar and the sensitivity was evaluated with Fungitest®. Eighty six positive cultures for Candida spp. were studied.
Results: The isolated species were: C. albicans 51 (59,3 %), C. tropicalis 22 (25,6%), C. parapsilosis 8 (9,3 %), C. famata 4 (4,7 %) and C. rugosa1 (1,1 %). The general sensitivity for Candida spp. was: 5-fluorocitosine 92%, anfotericin B 90%, miconazole 49%, ketoconazole 84%, itraconazole 37% and fluconazol 85%.
Conclusion: Candida spp. had a very good sensitivity for 5-fluorocitosine, anfotericin B and fluconazole.
Key words: Candida spp., sensitivity, resistance, antifungal antibiotic, 5-fluorocitosine, anfotericin B, fluconazole.
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Article citation:-
Ebert R. Cumpa & Oscar G.Pamo. Sensitivity of isolated Candida species in untreated patients. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 July; 32(33): 1287-1292.
Copyright © 2013 Ebert R. Cumpa & Oscar G.Pamo. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:-
Mahmoud M. E. Mudawi 1*, Mohamed A.M. Hagga2, Arwa A. Mohammed 3, Salma A. Abdel Aziz 3, Salma Y. AbdelRahman3 & Monadil H. M. Ali 4
Affiliation:-
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Borders University, KSA.
2Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Borders University, KSA.
3Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International University of Africa, Sudan.
4Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Northern Borders University, KSA.
Author contributions: - All authors contributed equally to this paper.
Abstract:
The association of long-term exposure to lead compounds with harmful effects to public health has not been fully documented. The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of lead toxicity in Khartoum state, Sudan in selected groups of workers (metal workers, car batteries workers, and watch makers) and to measure the blood lead level (BLL) using inductively-coupled plasma (ICP) spectrometer. The computed BLL, presented as: mean±standard error of the mean were 5.8±0.96 (ppb), 4.45±1.55 (ppb) , and 5.01±1.25 (ppb) for metal workers, batteries shop workers, and watch makers respectively. Moreover, one-way analysis of variance, (ANOVA), was conducted and the result indicated no significant difference (P≥0.05) among the means of BLL of the three groups of workers. This implies that all the workers concerned are equally at risk with regard to the long-term exposure to lead. The current investigation pointed out the lack of awareness among health care providers and workers alike with regard to the signs and symptoms of Lead toxicity.
Key Words: Lead exposure; blood lead level; Lead toxicity.
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Article citation:-
Mudawi Mahmoud M. E. et al. Incidence of lead toxicity among three groups of workers. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 July; 32(32): 1305-1308. Available at http://www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2013 Mudawi Mahmoud M. E. et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:-
*1Amit Pandey, 2Mohd. Farhan, 2Shahid Ajaz & 2Aquib Ansar
Affiliation:-
1MRD LifeSciences Pvt Ltd, Lucknow (UP), India-226010.
2 SHIATS, Allahabad (UP), India- 211007.
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to determine the importance of microflora in industry. The samples were collected from various places of Lucknow for “Optimization, production and characterization of industrial microflora”. According to result basis total 10 cultures were isolated and out of 10 only 4 cultures were identified through Bergey’s Manual. Further production, optimization were performed through various sources. The obtained cultures were Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus luteus and Bacillus megaterium. The culture conditions were checked at different parameters like-carbon sources, nitrogen sources, pH and also metal ions at the concentration of 1%, 1% and 0.2% respectively. Further to check the better growth in various sources the optimized production media was prepared, according to the best result of optimization the activity was checked to enhance the production of various proteins, enzymes and secondary metabolites.
Key Words: Optimization; Bergey’s manual; enzymes and secondary metabolites.
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Article citation:-
Pandey Amit, Mohd. Farhan, Shahid Ajaz & Aquib Ansar. Optimization and characterization of industrially used microflora, isolated from soil and water samples. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 July; 32(32): 1370-1377. Available at http://www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2013 Pandey Amit, Mohd.Farhan, Shahid Ajaz & Aquib Ansar. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.