DocumentsDate added
Review:
Peyman Mikaili1, Maziar Koohirostamkolaei2, Seyed Sajjad Babaeimarzangou2, Shahin Aghajanshakeri2*, Milad Moloudizargari2, Naeimeh Shamsi Gamchi2, Sepideh Toloomoghaddam3
Affiliation:-
1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
3Faculty of Pharmacy, Islamic Azad University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
*Correspondence to:-
Shahin Aghajanshakeri.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Email id: Shahin.aghajanshakeri@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Cornelian cherry fruit has been used in Chinese herbal medicine and is known for its tonic, analgesic and diuretic activities. Its extracts are also used in Europe for cosmetic determinations, replacing synthetic astringent substances, and are claimed to exert a favourable action on the human complexion. Cornus officinalis, C. mas, C. kousa (Cornaceae), and C. controversa bear edible fruits that are consumed in some parts of Asia and Europe. The anthocyanins (ANTs) present in Cornelian cherry, C. mas, are cyaniding 3-O-beta-galactopyranoside, delphinidin 3-O-beta-galactopyranoside, and pelargonidin 3-O-beta-galactopyranoside. C. mas is a medical plant from Cornaceae family which contains flavonoids and is high in antioxidants with anti-inflammatory activities. Fresh cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruits encompass twice as much ascorbic acid (vitamin C) as oranges.
Key words: Pharmacological effects; Cornus mas; Anthocyanins; Ursolic acid.
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Article citation:-
Peyman Mikaili, Maziar Koohirostamkolaei, Seyed Sajjad Babaeimarzangou, Shahin Aghajanshakeri, Milad Moloudizargari, Naeimeh Shamsi Gamchi, et al. Therapeutic uses and pharmacological effects of Cornus mas: A review. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 October; 35(35): 1732-1738. Available at http: //www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Peyman Mikaili, Maziar Koohirostamkolaei, Seyed Sajjad Babaeimarzangou, Shahin Aghajanshakeri, Milad Moloudizargari, Naeimeh Shamsi Gamchi, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Letters to the editor
*Boghos L. Artinian
Affiliation:-
*Boghos L. Artinian M.D.,
Member of the Lebanese Order of Physicians, Beirut, Lebanon
Core idea: Social phenomena resemble those occurring in tissues, ie. There is homology between the two levels of organization. A case in point, genocide, is taken to show the homology between it and the rejection reaction in immunology.
*Corresponding author:
Boghos L. Artinian, M.D.,
Beirut, Lebanon.
Email: artinian@inco.com.lb; Contact No: 961-3647877
Abstract:
Social behavior resembles to a large extent the behavior of cells and tissues. There is a semblance of the phenomenon of genocide at the social level to tissue rejection at the cellular level. The socio-compatibility complex, whose antigens are religion, language and nationality correspond to the cell surface antigens used by the Histo-Compatibility Complex Genes. This ‘Host-Versus-Graft Reaction’ in society might be overcome by management similar to Immuno-suppression.
Key words: Histo-Compatibility Complex; Socio-Compatibility Complex; Genocide; Host-Versus-Graft-Reaction.
REFERENCE
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Article citation:
Boghos L. Artinian., The social parallel of host-versus-graft reaction. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 October; 35(35):1752-1753.
Research article
Salah El Din Abdel Hag1 , Sania A. Shaddad2*, Tigani Hassan3, Sumaya I Abass4,
A.K. Muddathir5 & Shayoub M. E. A6.
Affiliation:-
1Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bahr Elghazal, Sudan
2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan
3Department of Medicine, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Khartoum, Sudan
4Microbiology-Veterinary Research Centre, Khartoum Sudan
5Department of Pharmacogonosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
6Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Sudan
The name of the Department and Institution to which the work should be attributed:-
Department of Pharmacology,
Department of Medicine,
Microbiology-Veterinary Research Centre,
Department of Pharmacogonosy,University of Khartoum, Sudan.
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bahr Elghazal, Sudan.
*Corresponding author:
Dr. Sania A. Shaddad
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
Abstract:
Pathogenic isolates of bacteria were cultured using standard cultivation techniques. Fresh ox bile was collected & dilution prepared under aseptic conditions. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) end points of ox bile on the selected microorganisms were determined using standard microbiologic methods. It was 6.25 % ox bile to Staphylococcus albus, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Micrococcus variant, 50 % to E. coli, Pseudomonas spp and Klebsiella spp, and 100 % (bile `as such`) to Staphylococcus albus, Escherichia vulneris, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus spp. and Bacillus spp. Values showed variation with the variation in the cultivation technique. The results are suggestive of bactericidal action.
Key Words: MIC; Ox bile; bactericidal.
REFERENCES
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Article citation:-
Shaddad A. Sania et al. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) end points of ox bile against selected species of bacteria. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 October; 35(35): 1763-1766. Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Shaddad A. Sania et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
Salah El Din Abdel Hag1 , Sania A. Shaddad2*, Tigani Hassan3, Sumaya I Abass4,
A.K Muddathir5 & Shayoub M. E. A6.
Affiliation:-
1Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bahr Elghazal, Sudan
2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan
3Department of Medicine, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Khartoum, Sudan
4Microbiology-Veterinary Research Centre, Khartoum Sudan
5Department of Pharmacogonosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
6Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Sudan
The name of the Department and Institution to which the work should be attributed:-
Department of Pharmacology,
Department of Medicine,
Microbiology-Veterinary Research Centre,
Department of Pharmacogonosy,University of Khartoum, Sudan.
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bahr Elghazal, Sudan.
*Corresponding author:
Dr. Sania A. Shaddad.
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
Abstract:
Antimicrobial actions of ox bile were tested on pathogenic bacterial isolatess under aseptic conditions using standard methods. These included Staphylococcus albus, Proteus spp., Bacillus Gram +ve spp, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Escherichia vulneris, Bacillus subtilis (Chemotherapeutic sensitive), Staphylococcus saprophyticus; Enterobacter spp.; Micrococcus variant; Staphylococcus albus yellow-pigment contaminant; Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Whole ox bile was bacteristatic to all the microorganisms. At the concentration of 33% ox bile was bacteristatic to Coryrebacterium pseudtuberculosis, Micrococcus variant, Staphylococcus albus, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus.
At the concentration of 33% ox bile partially inhibited the growth of Micrococcus luteus, Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter spp, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus albus, Proteus spp., Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp, Corynebacterium spp. Escherichia vulneris and Bacillus subtilis were not sensitive to 33% of ox bile.
Key Words: MIC; Ox bile; bactericidal.
REFERENCES
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Article citation:-
Shaddad A. Sania et al. The in vitro inhibitory effect of ox bile on selected bacteria . Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 October;35(35):1767-1773.Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Shaddad A. Sania et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article
Nadia Salem & *Azman Abdullah
Affiliation:-
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur Campus, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
The name of the Department and Institution to which the work should be attributed:-
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur Campus, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Author contributions
Both the author contributed equally to this paper.
*Corresponding author:
Dr. Azman Abdullah,
Department of Pharmacology,
Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur Campus, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz,
50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Tel : 006-03-92897508 (Office)
006-016-3185342 (Mobile)
Fax : 006-03-26938205
Abstract:
Carcinogenesis involves multiple steps ranging from the transition of normal to pre-initiated cells to invasive carcinoma. Thus, carcinogenesis provides ample opportunities for chemoprevention. In this context, many naturally-occurring dietary compounds found in fruits and vegetables that are consumed daily have been shown to possess cancer-preventive effects. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a phytochemical compound found in cruciferous vegetables. SFN, a dietary isothiocyanate compound derived from a glucosinolate precursor, has been shown to be a very potent chemopreventive agent in numerous animal carcinogenesis models as well as in cell culture models. SFN exerts its chemopreventive effects by regulating diverse molecular mechanisms. In this review, the molecular mechanisms of SFN which relates to cancer chemoprevention are discussed. These mechanisms include the regulation of phase I and phase II drug metabolizing enzymes. In addition, the influence exerted by sulforaphane upon signaling pathways relating to apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and transcription factors Nrf2, NF-κB and AP-1 are also discussed.
Key Words: Cancer chemoprevention; sulforaphane; phase I drug metabolizing enzymes; phase II drug metabolizing enzymes; apoptosis; cell cycle arrest; histone deacetylase; Nrf2, NF-κB; AP-1, COX-2.
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Article citation:-
Salem Nadia & Abdullah Azman. Sulforaphane and its function in cancer chemoprevention. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 October; 35(35):1788-1795.Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Salem Nadia & Abdullah Azman. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.