DocumentsDate added
Research article
Salah El Din Abdel Hag1 , Sania A. Shaddad2*, Tigani Hassan3, Sumaya I Abass4,
A.K. Muddathir5 & Shayoub M. E. A6.
Affiliation:-
1Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bahr Elghazal, Sudan
2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan
3Department of Medicine, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Khartoum, Sudan
4Microbiology-Veterinary Research Centre, Khartoum Sudan
5Department of Pharmacogonosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
6Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Sudan
The name of the Department and Institution to which the work should be attributed:-
Department of Pharmacology,
Department of Medicine,
Microbiology-Veterinary Research Centre,
Department of Pharmacogonosy,University of Khartoum, Sudan.
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Bahr Elghazal, Sudan.
*Corresponding author:
Dr. Sania A. Shaddad
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Sudan.
Abstract:
Pathogenic isolates of bacteria were cultured using standard cultivation techniques. Fresh ox bile was collected & dilution prepared under aseptic conditions. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) end points of ox bile on the selected microorganisms were determined using standard microbiologic methods. It was 6.25 % ox bile to Staphylococcus albus, Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, and Micrococcus variant, 50 % to E. coli, Pseudomonas spp and Klebsiella spp, and 100 % (bile `as such`) to Staphylococcus albus, Escherichia vulneris, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus spp. and Bacillus spp. Values showed variation with the variation in the cultivation technique. The results are suggestive of bactericidal action.
Key Words: MIC; Ox bile; bactericidal.
REFERENCES
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Article citation:-
Shaddad A. Sania et al. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) end points of ox bile against selected species of bacteria. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 October; 35(35): 1763-1766. Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Shaddad A. Sania et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article
Rashmirekha Sahoo1*, Patricia Jayshree Samuel Jacob1,Soumendra Sahoo2
Affiliation:-
1Assoc.Professor, 2Senior Lecturer, Biotechnology Program, Department of Maths & Science, Faculty of Engineering, Science & Technology, Nilai University, Malaysia
3Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, Melaka Manipal Medical College, Jalan Batu Hampar, 75150 Bukit Baru, Melaka, Malaysia
The name of the Department and Institution to which the work should be attributed:-
Department of Mathematics & Science, Faculty of Engineering, Science & Technology, Nilai University, Malaysia
Author contributions:
Rashmirekha Sahoo: Concept, Core idea, introduction, design, Figure, Intellectual inputs
Patricia Jayshree: Introduction, text, Figure, reference
Soumendra Sahoo: Intellectual inputs, Abstract, Conclusion, Reference.
Core idea: Natural biopolymers are important as they eliminate the danger to health and environment. Polysaccharides are widely spread biopolymers with diversity of structure and properties. Guar gum is an outstanding representative of green, eco-friendly muco-adhesive biopolymers. The use of guar gum in food industries is already known. Being highly viscous it is useful as a thickener and stabilizer. Guar gum reduces water retention in the dough and syneresis and thus keeps pastry products crisp and fresh for longer periods. Considerable research efforts have been done towards developing safe and efficient natural based polysaccharide for drug delivery systems. Of late Guar gum also has been found to be used as sustained release agent, and as cross-linked microspheres in pharmaceutical applications. Writing a review on diverse applications of Guar gum especially in biomedical field could be helpful for current researchers.
*Corresponding author:
Dr.Rashmirekha Sahoo
Assoc.Professor, Biotechnology Program
Department of Math & Science,
Faculty of Engineering, Science & Technology
Nilai University, Malaysia.
Abstract:
Natural based polysaccharides have been gaining considerable importance recently for their remarkable biomedical applications. They are potential substitutes of petroleum-derived synthetic products. They are easily available, nontoxic, biodegradable and biocompatible. The present review outlines the major new findings on one such natural based polysaccharide such as guar gum, highlighting its characteristics & biomedical applications. From a literature survey, it is realized that although guar gum has been used in food industries since long, but recent findings suggest it’s pharmaceutical application especially its use for drug delivery of different therapeutic applications and gene therapy have increased at a rapid rate. This review provides an overview of the guar gum polymer derivatives and their applications with special attention being put on controlled drug delivery and biomedical engineering, which is timely and noteworthy.
Key Words: Guar gum; Polymer; Pharmaceutical, application.
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Article citation:-
Rashmirekha Sahoo,Patricia Jayshree Samuel Jacob,Soumendra Sahoo. Biomedical applications of green biopolymer guar gum. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 October; 35(35):1783-1787.Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 RashmirekhaSahoo, PatriciaJayshree Samuel Jacob, SoumendraSahoo. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Original article
Soni Hardik K1*, Patel Vrushali V2, Vaghasiya Jitendra D2,
Patel Vandana B2, Patel Ghanshyam R1
Affiliation:-
1Vasu Research Centre, A Division of Vasu Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., 896/A, G.I.D.C., Makarpura, Vadodara – 390 010, Gujarat, India.
2Department of Pharmacology, Babaria Institute of Pharmacy, BITS Edu campus, Vadodara-Mumbai NH#8, Varnama, Vadodara – 391 240, Gujarat, India.
The name of the Department and Institution to which the work should be attributed:-
Vasu Research Centre, A Division of Vasu Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., 896/A, G.I.D.C., Makarpura, Vadodara – 390 010, Gujarat, India
Author contributions:
Soni Hardik K: Concept, design, literature search, data analysis and manuscript preparation.
Patel Vrushali V: Literature search, Experimental study, Data acquisition and Statistical analysis.
Vaghasiya Jitendra D and Patel Vandana B: Data analysis and manuscript review.
Patel Ghanshyam R: Data analysis and manuscript editing.
Core Idea: The study was initiated to evaluate safety and efficacy of anti-urolithiatic formulation developed from herbo-mineral source. Major ingredients of UCEX01 are individually well reported in Ayurvedic texts and scientific research publications for variety of activities like diuretic, anti-urolithiatic, anti-inflammatory etc. However, no such evidence was available which proves the safety and efficacy of such combination. Therefore, present study was taken up to evaluate acute toxicity and anti-urolithiatic activity of UCEX01.
*Correspondence to:
Soni Hardik K
Asst. Manager, R&D
Vasu Research Centre (A Division of Vasu Healthcare Pvt. Ltd.)
896/A, G.I.D.C., Makarpura, Vadodara-390010, Gujarat, India.
Tel.: 91-265-2657701, 2657702, Fax: 91-265-2647331
Mob.: 91-9428692240.
Abstract:
Urolithiasis is the most common urinary tract disorder with high recurrence. But, unfortunately most of its treatments are expensive or having side effects. Therefore, the search for anti-urolithiatic drugs from natural sources has been of great importance. UCEX01 is the herbo-mineral Ayurvedic formulation used for the treatment of kidney stone. But, no scientific evidences are available which proves safety and efficacy of such combination. Hence, present study was conducted to evaluate acute toxicity and anti-urolithiatic activity of UCEX01. Healthy male Wistar rats were used by dividing randomly into 4 groups. Group I was considered as normal control. Group II was as Disease control, Group III as UCEX01 treated with Therapeutic Effective Dose (TED-I) and Group IV was as UCEX01 treated with double of Therapeutic Effective Dose (TED-II). After 28th day, blood and urine sample were collected. Urine volume and pH was measured immediately. Bio-chemical parameters like calcium, phosphorus, creatinine and uric acid were estimated in serum and urine. Histopathology of kidney was also carried out. No mortality was observed during acute oral toxicity study. On basis of study data it can be concluded that the treatment of UCEX01 has significant anti-urolithiatic effect on ethylene glycol induced urolithiasis in rats. The underlying mechanism(s) of this effect is unknown however it may be attributed to its diuretic, anti-inflammatory and lowering of urinary concentrations of stone-forming elements. It can be a safe and effective remedy for the treatment of kidney stone.
Key words: UCEX01; ethylene glycol; urolithiasis; herbo-mineral Ayurvedic formulation.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Article citation:-
Soni Hardik K, Patel Vrushali V, Vaghasiya Jitendra D, Patel Vandana B, Patel Ghanshyam R. Pharmacological evaluation of Anti-urolithiatic activity of UCEX01 - A herbo-mineral ayurvedic formulation. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 October; 35(35): 1834-1839. Available at http: //www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2013 Soni Hardik K, Patel Vrushali V, Vaghasiya Jitendra D, Patel Vandana B, Patel Ghanshyam R. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article
Nadia Salem & *Azman Abdullah
Affiliation:-
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur Campus, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
The name of the Department and Institution to which the work should be attributed:-
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur Campus, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Author contributions
Both the author contributed equally to this paper.
*Corresponding author:
Dr. Azman Abdullah,
Department of Pharmacology,
Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur Campus, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz,
50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Tel : 006-03-92897508 (Office)
006-016-3185342 (Mobile)
Fax : 006-03-26938205
Abstract:
Carcinogenesis involves multiple steps ranging from the transition of normal to pre-initiated cells to invasive carcinoma. Thus, carcinogenesis provides ample opportunities for chemoprevention. In this context, many naturally-occurring dietary compounds found in fruits and vegetables that are consumed daily have been shown to possess cancer-preventive effects. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a phytochemical compound found in cruciferous vegetables. SFN, a dietary isothiocyanate compound derived from a glucosinolate precursor, has been shown to be a very potent chemopreventive agent in numerous animal carcinogenesis models as well as in cell culture models. SFN exerts its chemopreventive effects by regulating diverse molecular mechanisms. In this review, the molecular mechanisms of SFN which relates to cancer chemoprevention are discussed. These mechanisms include the regulation of phase I and phase II drug metabolizing enzymes. In addition, the influence exerted by sulforaphane upon signaling pathways relating to apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and transcription factors Nrf2, NF-κB and AP-1 are also discussed.
Key Words: Cancer chemoprevention; sulforaphane; phase I drug metabolizing enzymes; phase II drug metabolizing enzymes; apoptosis; cell cycle arrest; histone deacetylase; Nrf2, NF-κB; AP-1, COX-2.
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Article citation:-
Salem Nadia & Abdullah Azman. Sulforaphane and its function in cancer chemoprevention. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 October; 35(35):1788-1795.Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Salem Nadia & Abdullah Azman. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Srid Emmanuel I. Ugwuja1,2 *, Nicholas C. Ugwu1, Uche E. Nwachi3
Affiliation:-
1Departments of Chemical Pathology, Ebonyi State University, P. M. B. 053 Abakaliki, Nigeria
2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Ebonyi State University, P. M. B. 053 Abakaliki, Nigeria
3Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ebonyi State University, P. M. B. 053 Abakaliki, Nigeria
The name of the Department and Institution to which the work should be attributed:-
Departments of Chemical Pathology
Department of Biochemistry
Department of Medical Biochemistry
Ebonyi State University, P. M. B. 053 Abakaliki, Nigeria
Core Idea:
Consumption of either energy drink alone or in combination with alcohol is gaining prominence, especially among the youths and athletes despite their safety concern. The practice has permeated the elderly population, who is more vulnerable to diabetes mellitus, with unverified claims that they contain low sugar and as well ameliorates the toxic effect of alcohol. The idea of the present study was to highlight the haematological and biochemical alterations associated with such practices in diabetic model, as no scientific evidence is available to unsuspecting consumers.
*Correspondence to:
Emmanuel I. Ugwuja.
Departments of Chemical Pathology, Ebonyi State University, P. M. B. 053 Abakaliki, Nigeria; E-mail: ugwuja@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Consumption of either energy drink alone or in combination with alcohol is gaining popularity despite concerns of their safety. The present study investigated the hematological and biochemical parameters of diabetic rats administered either energy drink alone (ED) or energy drink mixed with alcohol EDmA). Twenty male albino rats weighing 172-185g grouped into four (A-D) of five rats per group were investigated. Rats in groups A, B and C were made diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (200mg/Kg body weight). Groups A and B rats were administered 3.75ml/Kg Bullet® and 3.75ml/Kg Bullet® + 1.0g/Kg alcohol, respectively while rats in groups C and D were given water only and acted as diabetic (DC) and non-diabetic (NDC) controls, respectively. The experiment lasted for 30 days after which the rats were killed and their blood collected for hematological and biochemical parameters using standard methods. Results showed that diabetic rats administered either energy drink alone or energy drink mixed with alcohol exhibited alterations in both haematological and biochemical parameters, but significant effects were observed only in rats administered energy drinks mixed with alcohol. It may be concluded that the biochemical derangements associated with diabetes mellitus and/or consumption of energy drink may be exacerbated by alcohol.
Key words: Energy drinks; alcohol; diabetes mellitus, biochemical derangement; dyslipidaemia.
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Article citation:-
Emmanuel I. Ugwuja, Nicholas C. Ugwu,Uche E. Nwachi. Hematological and biochemical parameters of diabetic rats administered either energy drink alone or energy drink mixed with alcohol. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 October; 35(35): 1808-1813. Available at http: //www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2013 Emmanuel I. Ugwuja, Nicholas C. Ugwu,Uche E. Nwachi. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.