DocumentsDate added
Original article
Sherwal B L1, Anuradha2,*, Khandekar J3, Rakshit P4, Rajani E5
Affiliation:-
1Director Professor, Department of microbiology, Lady Hardinge medical College, New Delhi,India.
2Assistant Professor, Dr RML Hospital, Department of Microbiology, New Delhi,India
3Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Lady Hardinge medical College, New Delhi,India
4Assistant Director, Department of microbiology, CRI, Kasauli,India.
5Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Sitapura, Rajasthan, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Lady Hardinge Medical College, Department of Microbiology, New Delhi,India
*Corresponding author:-
Dr. Anuradha.
H.No 522, phase2, pocket B, sector-13, Dwarka, New Delhi-110075, India
Abstract:
Background: The aim of Tuberculosis (TB) control is to cut the chain of transmission of disease; priority is given to the identification of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Early diagnosis of tuberculosis is important for initiating treatment to gain cure. Aims: The present study was undertaken to see the association of initial smear grading with conversion and cure rate. Methods: 200 new pulmonary tuberculosis patients registered from October 2006 to December 2007 were analysed. The data on the smear grading at the start of the treatment and at the end of the intensive phase of the treatment, and the treatment outcomes of the patients were evaluated.
Results: It was observed that out of 200 patients, 169(84.5%) converted at the end of intensive phase and 174(87%) cured at the end of treatment. There was significantly decrease in conversion and cure rate with increase in initial smear grading (P<0.05). It was also seen that maximum number of defaulters (7.8%), deaths (4.4%) and failures (4.4%) belongs to grade 3+. It shows that there is some association of the treatment outcome with the initial smear grading.
Conclusion: Conversion and cure rate were linearly associated with initial smear grading. The patients with higher grade (3+) have low conversion and cure rate as compared to patients with lower grades and also the unfavorable treatment outcome was seen with 3+ grades. More attention needs to be given to the higher grading by motivating the patients to return to regular treatment and sustain commitment in control of tuberculosis.
Key words: Cure Rate; Smear grading; Sputum Conversion; Tuberculosis.
REFERENCES
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Partially funded by Delhi Tapedic Unmulan Samiti.
Article citation:-
Sherwal B L, Anuradha, Khandekar J, Rakshit P, Rajani E. Association of initial smears grading of new pulmonary TB patients with sputum conversion rate. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December 37(37): 1976-1980. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2013 Sherwal B L, Anuradha, Khandekar J, Rakshit P, Rajani E. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
Sougata Kumar Burman1,*, Arnab Kumar Mandal2, Debasis Das3, Jayati Das4
Affiliation:-
1Clinical tutot, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine & J N M Hospital, WBUHS, Kalyani, West Bengal,India.
2Assistant Professor, Microbiology, Malda Medical College & Hospital, Malda, West Bengal, India.
3Associate Professor, Community Medicine, Microbiology, Malda Medical College & Hospital, Malda, West Bengal,India.
4Assistant Professor, Physiology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology,
College of Medicine & J N M Hospital, WBUHS, Kalyani, Nadia, India.
*Corresponding author:-
Dr. Sougata Kumar Burman
Clinical tutor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine & J N M Hospital, WBUHS, Kalyani, Nadia,India.
Contact number: +91-9475943811
Abstract:
Introduction: The cases of mucocutaneous candidiasis have increased dramatically in past twenty years, especially associated with incremental incidences of immunocompromised patients. It is necessary to evaluate the existing anti-fungal susceptibility pattern due to emergence of resistant strains. Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the fungal pathogens from cases of mucocutaneous candidiasis and to establish the anti-fungal susceptibility pattern of the isolated species. Materials & methods: A total of 120 clinically suspected cases of mucocutaneous candidiasis identified from patients attending in different out patient departments and indoor wards of a tertiary care hospital, Kolkata, India, over one year. Different candida species were isolated by microscopy, culture & biochemical reactions. Anti-fungal susceptibility testing of isolates was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using anti-fungal drugs Fluconazole, Itraconazole & Voriconazole.
Results: Candida albicans were isolated in 92 (76.6%) cases, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis were isolated in 14 (11.7%), 8(6.7%) and 6(5%) cases respectively. Anti-fungal susceptibility pattern showed Fluconazole was sensitive against 84(91.30%) isolated strains of Candida albicans, 8(57.14%) strains of Candida tropicalis, 50% strains of Candida parapsilosis & resistant against all strains of Candida krusei but Voriconazole & Itraconazole were sensitive against all isolated Candida species.
Conclusions: Study showed the emergence of Fluconazole resistant pathogenic Candida species. Voriconazole & Itraconazole were very effective against all isolated candida strains including Fluconazole resistant ones.
Key words: Mucocuteneous Candidiasis; Causative species; anti-fungal susceptibility; Tertiary Care Hospital; India.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Copyright © 2013 Bhoomi B. Joshi, Megha G. Chaudhari,Kinnari N. Mistry. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case study
Mwanri Lillian (FAFPHM)1,* and Benson Jill2,3
Affiliation:-
1Discipline of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University
2Discipline of General Practice, University of Adelaide 3Migrant Health Service, SA Health
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Discipline of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University
Discipline of General Practice, University of Adelaide Migrant Health Service, SA Health
Corresponding author:-
Dr Lillian Mwanri (MD, PhD, FAFPHM)
Course Coordinator, Master of Health and International Development, Discipline of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Flinders UniversityLevel2, Health Sciences Building, Registry Road, Bedford Park SA5042.
Tel/Fax: 0872218417/0872218424
Email: lillian.mwanri@flinders.edu.au
Core idea: Cholesteatoma is a serious health condition and can lead to severe complications including meningitis, brain and extradural abscesses and death. While it is not an uncommon in developing countries, the cholesteatoma occurrence is rare in Australia. Many health professionals in Australia have not seen cholesteatoma cases in their practice. This paper analyses the occurrence of a few cases in a newly arrived refugee populations. Findings highlight the need to educate health professionals about the higher than the expected cases in newly refugee populations. The findings are highly transferable to other countries similar to Australia where refugee population from developing countries is increasing.
Authors contribution: Both the author contributed equally to this paper.
Abstract: Purpose: This paper aims to describe the unusually high prevalence of cholesteatoma in refugees, and to advocate for the preparation of health systems including educating clinicians and other health professionals about conditions that are more common in refugee populations.
Methods: An audit of patient records from the Migrant Health Service in Adelaide was conducted from June 2009 to November2011 to identify Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) and cholesteatoma cases.
Results: In the 2.5 year timeframe of the study, 20 patients were diagnosed with CSOM, including 13males (65%) and seven females (35%). Two cases of Cholesteatoma were also identified during the same study period. Details of CSOM have been published elsewhere1. In the current paper, we report two cases of Cholesteatoma in recently arrived refugee populations in South Australia.
Discussion: Both cholesteatomas and CSOM are diseases of poverty and rare conditions in the general Australian population. In the past two decades, Australia has received an increasingly high flow of migrants from across the world with significant proportions arriving with refugee backgrounds. Refugees have multiple risk factors for cholesteatoma: were having commonly been victims of torture, trauma and head injury and mostly coming from a background of severe and long-standing socio-economic disadvantage. Advocacy and education are needed to improve the preparedness of clinicians, other health workers and health systems to address the unique needs of this vulnerable group of people to ensure that they have optimum health as they settle into Australia.
Key words: Recently arrived refugee populations; Cholesteatoma; Medical and health workers’ education; addressing health inequalities.
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Article citation:-
Mwanri Lillian & Benson Jill. Cases of cholesteatoma in refugee populations in South Australia. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December; 37(37): 1915-1921. Available at www.jpbms.info
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Case report
Manisa Sahu1,*, Arun Bal2, Pallavi Bhalekar3, Dipty Kenny4
Affiliation:-
1Consultant Microbiologist,2Consultant Diabetic surgeon, 3Technical Supervisor, 4Technologist, S L Raheja Hospital (A Fortis Associate), Mahim (W), Mumbai-400016,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Microbiology and Department of Diabetic Foot Surgery: S L Raheja Hospital (A Fortis Associate), Mahim (W), Mumbai-400016,India
*Corresponding author:-
Dr. Manisa Sahu. MD, DNB (Micro);
Consultant Microbiologist, S L Raheja Hospital (A Fortis Associate), Mahim (W), Mumbai-400016,India
Abstract:
Diabetic foot infections are usually polymicrobial, including fungal pathogens. We Report a case of DFI in a 53 year old female patient due to Fusarium species. Fusarium species, a hyaline mold, was isolated on two successive occasions. No systemic dissemination was noted and patient was managed by extensive debridement of the ulcer.
Key words: DFI; Diabetic foot infections; Fusarium species.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Copyright © 2013 Sahu Manisa,Bal Arun,Bhalekar Pallavi,Keny Dipti. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Article citation:-
Sahu Manisa,Bal Arun,Bhalekar Pallavi,Keny Dipti. Fusarium species: An emerging fungal pathogen in diabetic foot infections. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December 37(37): 1957-1959. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Original article
Debasis Das1, Sougata Kumar Burman2,*,Goutam Dhar3,Devjyoti Santra4,Prasantha Kumar Das5, Projjwal Sengupta6
Affiliation:-
1Associate Professor, Deaprtment of PSM , Malda Medical College, Malda, West bengal,India
2Clinical Tutor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine & J N M Hospital, WBUHS, Kalyani, Nadia, India
3Associate Professor, Community Medicine, ADME, Swasthya Bhavan, Kolkata,India
4Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, B S Medical College, Bankura,West Bengal,India
5Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry medicine,Medical college,Kolkata,India
6Assistant Professor, Community mediciane,NRS medical college,Kolkata,India
The name of the Department and Institution to which the work should be attributed:-
Deaprtment of PSM, Malda Medical College, Malda, West bengal, India
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine & J N M Hospital, WBUHS, Kalyani, Nadia, India
B S Medical College,Bankura,West Bengal,India
ADME, Swasthya Bhavan, Kolkata,India
NRS medical college,Kolkata,India
*Correspondence to:
Dr Sougata Kumar Burman.
Clinical Tutor,
Obstetrics & Gynaecology. College of Medicine & J N M Hospital,WBUHS. Kalyni, West Bengal,India.
Mobile: 09475943811
Abstract:
Background: Team concept and leadership capacity probably played the most important role in functioning of any organization. It is also true for modern health care organization. Very few studies assessed leadership behaviour of doctors. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional, behaviour assessment study, conducted between February – July 2009 involving 50% doctors selected by stratified random sampling technique of N.R.S.Medical College and K.P.C.Medical College, Kolkata. Leadership behaviour assessed following Managerial Grid Model of Robert Blake and Jane Mouton.
Results: 122 doctors in N.R.S Medical College and 53 doctors in K.P.C Medical College were included in the study. In both the institutions ‘team’ type leaders dominate (71.7% in K.P.C Medical College and 62.6% in N.R.S Medical College). Statistically no significant relationship between leadership behaviour and age, gender, duration of experience, academic qualification, management qualification, hierarchical position, and work experience in different organization and experiences of holding administrative post by the doctors were found in either institution & significant relationship between leadership behaviour and discipline was found in N.R.S. Medical College. Conclusion: A dispersed leadership pattern was found where most desirable leadership type i.e., ‘Team’ type of leaders were mostly prevalent in both the Institutions. Considerable scope for improvement was there in each of Task & Relationship domain of leadership behaviour.
Key words: Leadership behavior; Teacher-doctor; Government & Private Medical College; India.
Article citation:-
Das Debasis et al. How doctors lead? – A comparative study on leadership behaviour in a Government & a Private Hospital of Kolkata, India. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December; 37(37): 1948-1951. Available at http: //www.jpbms.info.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Copyright © 2013 Das Debasis et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.