DocumentsDate added
Review article
Singh Mamta1,Singhal Udita2, Bhasin GK2, Panday Rajesh3 ,Aggarwal SK4,*
Affiliation:-
1Senior Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, PDM Dental College and Research Institute, Bahadurgarh (Haryana), India
2Senior Lecturer, Department of Pathology, PDM Dental College and Research Institute, Bahadurgarh (Haryana), India
3Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, M. M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala (Haryana), India
4Professor, Department of Biochemistry, M. M. Medical College and Hospital, M. M. University, Kumarhatti, Solan (H.P.), India
Author’s contributions: - All the authors contributed equally to this paper
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
PDM Dental College and Research Institute, Bahadurgarh (Haryana), India
M. M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala (Haryana), India
M. M. Medical College and Hospital, M. M. University, Kumarhatti, Solan (H.P.),India
Corresponding author:-
Dr S.K. Aggarwal.
Professor, Department of Biochemistry,
M. M. Medical College and Hospital, M. M. University,Kumarhatti, Solan (H.P.) India.
Contact no:- +91-9896871470
Abstract:
The biological fluid present in the oral cavity contains secretions from major and minor salivary glands, cellular material and food debris. The oral fluid is supplemented with several constituents that originate from blood, from intact or destroyed mucosal and immune cells, and from intact or destroyed oral microflora that result in a complex mixture of a variety of molecules. It is generally accepted that the fluid present in the oral cavity (whole saliva) is of paramount importance for the maintenance of oral health. Saliva is known to perform multiple functions due to the presence of large number of inorganic and organic components. The functions of the salivary components have been categorized as food and speech related, teeth related, protective and wound healing by growth factors. In addition to the above mentioned functions, saliva is known to play an important role in acquired pellicle formation on tooth surfaces, crystal growth homeostasis, bacterial adhesion, plaque formation and maintaining the mucosal integrity of oral and upper gastrointestinal mucosal surfaces. Moreover, it participates in physico-chemical and antimicrobial defense mechanisms.
Key words: Enzymes; Immunity; Mucin; Saliva and Teeth.
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Article citation:-
Singh Mamta,Singhal Udita,Bhasin GK,Panday Rajesh,Aggarwal SK. Oral fluid: Biochemical composition and functions: A review. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December 37(37): 1932-1941. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript
Source of support: Nil
Copyright © 2013. Singh Mamta,Singhal Udita,Panday Rajesh,Aggarwal SK. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Glenn L. Sia Su1,*, Peter Daniel M. David1, Luigi Aimes U. Tan1, Maria Lilibeth L. Sia Su2, Mary Ann C. Sison3,Elena M. Ragragio1,Erna C. Arollado4, and Teressita De Guzman3
Affiliation:-
1Biology Department, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila
2College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila
3Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Public Health, University of the Philippines Manila
4Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Institute of Health, University of the Philippines Manila
Author’s contributions: - Author 1 contributed towards concepts, design, literature survey, data acquisition, manuscript editing and preparation.
Author 2 & 3 contributed towards concepts, design, literature survey, data acquisition,
Author 4, 5 & 6 contributed in design, data acquisition and analysis.
Author 7 & 8 contributed towards literature survey, data acquisition and analysis
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
University of the Philippines Manila
Corresponding author:-
Glenn L. Sia Su, Ph.D.,
Biology Department, University of the Philippines Manila;
Email: glss76@yahoo.com
siasug@gmail.com
Abstract:
The phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of crude ethanolic fruit extracts of Capsicum frutescens Linn. were assessed against four species of microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Alternaria alternate) using the disc diffusion assay. Results showed that the crude ethanolic fruit extracts of Capsicum frutescens Linn. contain glycosides, reducing substances, flavonoids, and alkaloids. Likewise, the microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus and Aspergillus fumigatus were susceptible to the crude fruit extract, particularly at increasing concentrations. These results show that the crude fruit extract of the Capsicum frutescens Linn. may prove useful in inhibiting bacteria and fungi.
Key words: Antibacterial; Antifungal; Medicinal plants; Phytochemical.
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Article citation:-
Glenn L. Sia Su,Peter Daniel M. David, Luigi Aimes U. Tan, Maria Lilibeth L. Sia Su, Mary Ann C. Sison,Elena M. Ragragio et al. Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial activity of Capsicum frutescens Linn. crude fruit extract on selected microorganisms. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December 37(37): 1922-1926. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Copyright © 2013 Glenn L. Sia Su,Peter Daniel M. David, Luigi Aimes U. Tan, Maria Lilibeth L. Sia Su, Mary Ann C. Sison,Elena M. Ragragio et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case report and literature review
Ahmet Aslan1,*,Mehmet Nuri Konya1, Serdar Sargın2
Affiliation:-
1MD, Orthopaedics Surgeon; Afyonkarahisar State Hospital, Departmants of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Afyonkarahisar/TURKEY.
2MD, Orthopaedics Surgeon; Balıkesir Universty, Medicine Faculty, Departmants of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Balıkesir/TURKEY.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Afyonkarahisar State Hospital,
Departmants of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Afyonkarahisar/TURKEY.
*Corresponding author:-
Ahmet Aslan: MD,
Orthopaedics Surgeon; Afyonkarahisar State Hospital, Departmants of Orthopaedics and Traumatology. Afyonkarahisar/TURKEY.
Tel:+905056462411
Abstract:
Percutaneous trigger finger releasing has been reported as a safe, effective and quick procedure, but most surgeons convert percutaneous releasing to an opened method because of residual triggering. In this article, we aimed to present an unusual case with trigger finger who underwent percutaneous releasing and afterwards opened revision surgery because of recurrence, in attribution to current literature. The patient was a 51 year-old diabetic female with pain in the middle finger of right hand and had trigger finger. Percutaneous releasing was performed by using the tip of a 18-gauge needle at the outpatient room under local anaesthesia. Theree months after percuteneous surgery, the patient reapplied to the hospital because of recurrent triggering of the finger. A secondary procedure by using opened releasing surgery method with A1 pulley was performed to fix the residual or recurrent triggering occured after the initial percutaneous surgical procedure. The patient recovered completely after the second surgery and turned back to her normal life. No complications were observed at 6 month- follow-up examinations. In patients with trigger finger, opened revision surgery is needed when the triggering relapse after percutaneous releasing. The ganglion involvement should always be kept in mind because the ganglion at the level of the metacarpal head of the flexor tendon under A1 pulley can be trapped and this is one of the very rare cause of trigger finger as it is in this case.
Key words: Trigger; Finger; Digits; Treatment; Surgical; Release; Percutaneous.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Article citation:
Ahmet Aslan,Mehmet Nuri Konya,Serdar Sargın. Revision Surgery after percutaneous release of the A1 pulley for surgical treatment of trigger finger: An unusual case and brief review of literature. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December 37(37): 1960-1963. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2013 Ahmet Aslan,Mehmet Nuri Konya,Serdar Sargın. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Mudher Mikhael Ehab1,*,Imad Mohammad Samer1,Isho Gorial Faiq2,Adham Majeed Ibrahim1
Affiliation:-
1Clinical pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, University of Baghdad, Bab Almuatham, Baghdad, Iraq
2Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Baghdad, Bab Almuatham, Baghdad, Iraq
Author’s contributions:- Author 1 contributed towards concepts, design, literature survey, data acquisition, manuscript editing and preparation.
Author 2 contributed in Design, literature search, clinical studies, data acquisition and analysis.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
University of Baghdad, Bab Almuatham, Baghdad, Iraq
Core idea:
Pentoxifylline when used as adjuvant therapy to the combination of methotrexate and etanercept results in a significant decrease in inflammation as shown by reduction in CRP, which ultimately mean reduction in not only rheumatoid arthritis disease activity but also reduction in the additional cardiovascular risk in those patients
Corresponding author:-
EHab Mudher Mikhael.
Clinical Pharmacy Department, College of Pharmacy, Baghdad University, Iraq
Abstract:
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common systemic inflammatory disease that associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Combination of methotrexate and etanercept is effective to control disease activity and to decrease mortality and morbidity of RA. Pentoxifylline is a hemorheologic agent with ability to reduce tumor necrosis factor. This study aimed to evaluate the benefit of adding pentoxifylline to dual therapy of MTX + etanercept in Iraqi patients with active rheumatoid arthritis.
Methods: Randomized single blind placebo controlled clinical trial was done over 6 months, patients with active RA disease who use MTX and etanercept were randomly allocated into 2 groups to receive either Pentoxifylline tablet 400mg twice daily or glucose capsule as placebo. Patients were clinically evaluated for tender joint count TJC, swelling joint count SJC, visual analogue scales VAS and evaluator global assessment EGA at start and after 8 weeks. Blood specimens were obtained to measure CRP, ESR and TNF at start and at the end of the study.
Results: Pentoxifylline significantly reduce CRP and TNF, but didn't achieve significant reduction in any clinical parameter or disease activity, Yet, it result in ACR20 in 60% of patients.
Conclusion: Pentoxifylline produce mild anti inflammatory effect through its action to reduce TNF, which may potentiate the effect of etanercept in active RA patients.
Key words: Rheumatoid arthritis; Pentoxifylline; Inflammation.
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Article citation:-
Mudher Mikhael Ehab,Imad Mohammad Samer,Isho Gorial Faiq,Adham Majeed Ibrahim. Pentoxifylline as adjuvant therapy to methotrexate and etanercept in Iraqi patients with active rheumatoid arthritis. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December 37(37): 1927-1931. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Copyright © 2013 Mudher Mikhael Ehab,Imad Mohammad Samer,Isho Gorial Faiq,Adham Majeed Ibrahim. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Rajyalakshmi Gunti1,Usha Rani Anaparthy2,*,Durga Rani Arava1
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor,2Professor, Department of Microbiology,GGH campus, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada – 533008, Andhra Pradesh,India
Author’s contributions: - All the author contributed equally to this paper.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Microbiology, GGH campus, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada – 533008, Andhra Pradesh,India
*Corresponding author:-
Dr.Usha Rani Anaparthy, MD
Professor, Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada–533008,Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract:
Aims and Objectives: The Present study was conducted in Government General Hospital, Kakinada from April - May 2013 to know the prevalence of Biofilm production in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococci and to compare the results of biofilm production by three different methods.
Material and Methods: A total Number of 50 Staphylococcus aureus and 50 coagulase negative Staphylococci isolated from different clinical samples were screened by tissue culture plate (TCP) method, tube method (TM) and Congo red agar (CRA) method for biofilm production.
Results: Among 50 Staphylococus aureus isolates screened, biofilm production was detected in 38(76%) by TCP method, 30(60%) by tube method and 42(84%) by CRA method, where as in 50 Coagulase negative Staphylococci it was 34(68%), 20(40%) and 40(80%) by three methods respectively.
Conclusion: In our study it was found that Congo red agar method is more sensitive when compared with other two methods for detection of biofilm production. It is also simple, easy to perform and economical.
Key words: Biofilm; Congo red agar; Staphylococcus; Tissue culture plate; Tube method.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Copyright © 2013 Rajyalakshmi Gunti,Usha Rani Anaparthy,Durga Rani Arava. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Article citation:-
Rajyalakshmi Gunti,Usha Rani Anaparthy,Durga Rani Arava. Detection of biofilm production in Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative Staphylococci using three different methods. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December 37(37): 1952-1956. Available at www.jpbms.info.