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Research article
Sougata Kumar Burman1,*, Arnab Kumar Mandal2, Debasis Das3, Jayati Das4
Affiliation:-
1Clinical tutot, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine & J N M Hospital, WBUHS, Kalyani, West Bengal,India.
2Assistant Professor, Microbiology, Malda Medical College & Hospital, Malda, West Bengal, India.
3Associate Professor, Community Medicine, Microbiology, Malda Medical College & Hospital, Malda, West Bengal,India.
4Assistant Professor, Physiology, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education & Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology,
College of Medicine & J N M Hospital, WBUHS, Kalyani, Nadia, India.
*Corresponding author:-
Dr. Sougata Kumar Burman
Clinical tutor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine & J N M Hospital, WBUHS, Kalyani, Nadia,India.
Contact number: +91-9475943811
Abstract:
Introduction: The cases of mucocutaneous candidiasis have increased dramatically in past twenty years, especially associated with incremental incidences of immunocompromised patients. It is necessary to evaluate the existing anti-fungal susceptibility pattern due to emergence of resistant strains. Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the fungal pathogens from cases of mucocutaneous candidiasis and to establish the anti-fungal susceptibility pattern of the isolated species. Materials & methods: A total of 120 clinically suspected cases of mucocutaneous candidiasis identified from patients attending in different out patient departments and indoor wards of a tertiary care hospital, Kolkata, India, over one year. Different candida species were isolated by microscopy, culture & biochemical reactions. Anti-fungal susceptibility testing of isolates was done by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method using anti-fungal drugs Fluconazole, Itraconazole & Voriconazole.
Results: Candida albicans were isolated in 92 (76.6%) cases, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis were isolated in 14 (11.7%), 8(6.7%) and 6(5%) cases respectively. Anti-fungal susceptibility pattern showed Fluconazole was sensitive against 84(91.30%) isolated strains of Candida albicans, 8(57.14%) strains of Candida tropicalis, 50% strains of Candida parapsilosis & resistant against all strains of Candida krusei but Voriconazole & Itraconazole were sensitive against all isolated Candida species.
Conclusions: Study showed the emergence of Fluconazole resistant pathogenic Candida species. Voriconazole & Itraconazole were very effective against all isolated candida strains including Fluconazole resistant ones.
Key words: Mucocuteneous Candidiasis; Causative species; anti-fungal susceptibility; Tertiary Care Hospital; India.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Copyright © 2013 Bhoomi B. Joshi, Megha G. Chaudhari,Kinnari N. Mistry. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Sherwal B L1, Anuradha2,*, Khandekar J3, Rakshit P4, Rajani E5
Affiliation:-
1Director Professor, Department of microbiology, Lady Hardinge medical College, New Delhi,India.
2Assistant Professor, Dr RML Hospital, Department of Microbiology, New Delhi,India
3Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Lady Hardinge medical College, New Delhi,India
4Assistant Director, Department of microbiology, CRI, Kasauli,India.
5Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College, Sitapura, Rajasthan, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Lady Hardinge Medical College, Department of Microbiology, New Delhi,India
*Corresponding author:-
Dr. Anuradha.
H.No 522, phase2, pocket B, sector-13, Dwarka, New Delhi-110075, India
Abstract:
Background: The aim of Tuberculosis (TB) control is to cut the chain of transmission of disease; priority is given to the identification of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases. Early diagnosis of tuberculosis is important for initiating treatment to gain cure. Aims: The present study was undertaken to see the association of initial smear grading with conversion and cure rate. Methods: 200 new pulmonary tuberculosis patients registered from October 2006 to December 2007 were analysed. The data on the smear grading at the start of the treatment and at the end of the intensive phase of the treatment, and the treatment outcomes of the patients were evaluated.
Results: It was observed that out of 200 patients, 169(84.5%) converted at the end of intensive phase and 174(87%) cured at the end of treatment. There was significantly decrease in conversion and cure rate with increase in initial smear grading (P<0.05). It was also seen that maximum number of defaulters (7.8%), deaths (4.4%) and failures (4.4%) belongs to grade 3+. It shows that there is some association of the treatment outcome with the initial smear grading.
Conclusion: Conversion and cure rate were linearly associated with initial smear grading. The patients with higher grade (3+) have low conversion and cure rate as compared to patients with lower grades and also the unfavorable treatment outcome was seen with 3+ grades. More attention needs to be given to the higher grading by motivating the patients to return to regular treatment and sustain commitment in control of tuberculosis.
Key words: Cure Rate; Smear grading; Sputum Conversion; Tuberculosis.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Partially funded by Delhi Tapedic Unmulan Samiti.
Article citation:-
Sherwal B L, Anuradha, Khandekar J, Rakshit P, Rajani E. Association of initial smears grading of new pulmonary TB patients with sputum conversion rate. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December 37(37): 1976-1980. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2013 Sherwal B L, Anuradha, Khandekar J, Rakshit P, Rajani E. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.