DocumentsDate added
Original article
Saurabh K. Deo1,*, Rajesh Pandey2, Jasbir Singh2, Kuldip S. Sodhi2
Affiliation:-
1Ph. D. Student, 2Professor, Department of Biochemistry, MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
Author’s contributions:- Author 1 & 2 contributed towards concepts, design, literature survey, data acquisition, manuscript editing and preparation.
Author 3 & 4 contributed in Design, literature search, clinical studies, data acquisition and analysis.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Biochemistry, MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
Corresponding author:-
Mr. Saurabh K. Deo.
Department of Biochemistry, MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
Abstract:
Glycosylation, the attachment of sugar moieties to proteins, is a post-translational modification (PTM) that provides greater proteomic diversity than other PTM. Various glycosyltransferases catalyze the reactions. However, nonenzymatic protein glycation is a complex cascade of reactions yielding a heterogeneous class of compounds, collectively termed advanced glycation end products (AGE). Nonenzymatic glycation of macromolecules, especially proteins leading to their oxidation is increased in diabetes mellitus and plays an important role in associated complications of the disease. The amount of AGE on a protein has been found to be dependent on the inherent reactivity of specific amino groups as determined by their microenvironment, the glucose concentration, and the half-life of the protein. The initial Schiff base adducts formed from glucose and lysine and N-terminal amino-acid residues rearrange to form fructosamine. Fructosamine degradation and the direct reaction of α-oxoaldehydes with protein form many AGE. AGE and other ligands interact with their receptors, i.e. receptor for AGE (RAGE), localized to a variety of tissues. This interaction triggers diverse signaling pathways that converge on the activation of critical transcription factors and the initiation of a local inflammatory reaction that, when prolonged, results in cellular dysfunction affecting various tissues. The possible outcomes include retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, angiopathy, Alzheimer’s disease, cardiomyopathy, metastasis etc.
Key words: Glycation; glycosylation; advanced glycation end products; diabetes mellitus; complications.
REFERENCES
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Article citation:-
Saurabh K. Deo, Rajesh Pandey, Jasbir Singh, Kuldip S. Sodhi. Protein glycation: Biochemical-clinical correlations. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December 37(37): 1942-1947. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2013 Saurabh K. Deo, Rajesh Pandey, Jasbir Singh, Kuldip S. Sodhi. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Bhoomi B. Joshi, Megha G. Chaudhari and Kinnari N. Mistry*
Affiliation:-
Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Studies in Biotechnology & Allied Sciences (ARIBAS), New Vallabh Vidhya Nagar – 388121, (Gujarat) India
Author’s contributions: - All the author contributed equally to this paper.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Studies in Biotechnology & Allied Sciences (ARIBAS).
*Corresponding author:-
Kinnari N. Mistry
Associate professor in biochemistry, Ashok & Rita Patel Institute of Integrated Studies in Biotechnology & Allied Sciences (ARIBAS), New Vallabh Vidhya Nagar – 388121, (Gujarat) India
Contact no:- +91-9825857880
Abstract:
The objective of present work was to evaluate the antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activity from methanolic, ethanolic and chloroform crude extract of Argyreia nervosa roots. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity was carried out by inhibiting the heat induced albumin denaturation, membrane stabilization and protein denaturation activity. The samples were studied for their effect on inhibition of glycosylation of haemoglobin, glucose transport across yeast cells and α- Amylase inhibition. From the results of the study, it is inferred that A.nervosa root possesses good anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activity. Moreover the results also confirmed that the methanol proved to be superior type solvent in compare to ethanol and chloroform to carry out crude extraction procedure of A.nervosa root. This activity may be due to the strong occurance of phenolic compounds such as alkaloids, flavanoids, tannins, steroids and phenols. However, these effects need to be confirmed using in vivo models and clinical trials for its effective utilization as therapeutic agents.
Key words: Argyreia nervosa, In-vitro Antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory assay, Metronidazole, Aspirin.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Article citation:-
Rajyalakshmi Gunti,Usha Rani Anaparthy,Durga Rani Arava. In vitro screening of anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activity of root extract of Argyreia nervosa. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December 37(37): 1964-1971. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2013 Bhoomi B. Joshi, Megha G. Chaudhari,Kinnari N. Mistry. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Debasis Das1, Sougata Kumar Burman2,*,Goutam Dhar3,Devjyoti Santra4,Prasantha Kumar Das5, Projjwal Sengupta6
Affiliation:-
1Associate Professor, Deaprtment of PSM , Malda Medical College, Malda, West bengal,India
2Clinical Tutor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine & J N M Hospital, WBUHS, Kalyani, Nadia, India
3Associate Professor, Community Medicine, ADME, Swasthya Bhavan, Kolkata,India
4Associate Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, B S Medical College, Bankura,West Bengal,India
5Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry medicine,Medical college,Kolkata,India
6Assistant Professor, Community mediciane,NRS medical college,Kolkata,India
The name of the Department and Institution to which the work should be attributed:-
Deaprtment of PSM, Malda Medical College, Malda, West bengal, India
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, College of Medicine & J N M Hospital, WBUHS, Kalyani, Nadia, India
B S Medical College,Bankura,West Bengal,India
ADME, Swasthya Bhavan, Kolkata,India
NRS medical college,Kolkata,India
*Correspondence to:
Dr Sougata Kumar Burman.
Clinical Tutor,
Obstetrics & Gynaecology. College of Medicine & J N M Hospital,WBUHS. Kalyni, West Bengal,India.
Mobile: 09475943811
Abstract:
Background: Team concept and leadership capacity probably played the most important role in functioning of any organization. It is also true for modern health care organization. Very few studies assessed leadership behaviour of doctors. Methodology: It is a cross-sectional, behaviour assessment study, conducted between February – July 2009 involving 50% doctors selected by stratified random sampling technique of N.R.S.Medical College and K.P.C.Medical College, Kolkata. Leadership behaviour assessed following Managerial Grid Model of Robert Blake and Jane Mouton.
Results: 122 doctors in N.R.S Medical College and 53 doctors in K.P.C Medical College were included in the study. In both the institutions ‘team’ type leaders dominate (71.7% in K.P.C Medical College and 62.6% in N.R.S Medical College). Statistically no significant relationship between leadership behaviour and age, gender, duration of experience, academic qualification, management qualification, hierarchical position, and work experience in different organization and experiences of holding administrative post by the doctors were found in either institution & significant relationship between leadership behaviour and discipline was found in N.R.S. Medical College. Conclusion: A dispersed leadership pattern was found where most desirable leadership type i.e., ‘Team’ type of leaders were mostly prevalent in both the Institutions. Considerable scope for improvement was there in each of Task & Relationship domain of leadership behaviour.
Key words: Leadership behavior; Teacher-doctor; Government & Private Medical College; India.
Article citation:-
Das Debasis et al. How doctors lead? – A comparative study on leadership behaviour in a Government & a Private Hospital of Kolkata, India. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December; 37(37): 1948-1951. Available at http: //www.jpbms.info.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Copyright © 2013 Das Debasis et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case report
Manisa Sahu1,*, Arun Bal2, Pallavi Bhalekar3, Dipty Kenny4
Affiliation:-
1Consultant Microbiologist,2Consultant Diabetic surgeon, 3Technical Supervisor, 4Technologist, S L Raheja Hospital (A Fortis Associate), Mahim (W), Mumbai-400016,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Microbiology and Department of Diabetic Foot Surgery: S L Raheja Hospital (A Fortis Associate), Mahim (W), Mumbai-400016,India
*Corresponding author:-
Dr. Manisa Sahu. MD, DNB (Micro);
Consultant Microbiologist, S L Raheja Hospital (A Fortis Associate), Mahim (W), Mumbai-400016,India
Abstract:
Diabetic foot infections are usually polymicrobial, including fungal pathogens. We Report a case of DFI in a 53 year old female patient due to Fusarium species. Fusarium species, a hyaline mold, was isolated on two successive occasions. No systemic dissemination was noted and patient was managed by extensive debridement of the ulcer.
Key words: DFI; Diabetic foot infections; Fusarium species.
REFERENCES
1.Shalbha Tiwari, Daliparthy D. Pratyush, Awanindra Dwivedi, Sanjiv K. Gupta2,Madhukar Rai, Surya K. Singh.Microbiological and clinical characteristics of diabetic foot infections in northern India. J Infect Dev Ctries 2012; 6(4):329-332.
2.Seema Nair, Sam Peter, Abhilash Sasidharan, Sujatha Sistla and Ayalur Kodakara Kochugovindan Unni. Incidence of mycotic infections in diabetic foot tissue. journal of culture collections 2006-2007;5:85-89
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4.Nucci M, Anaissie E. Fusarium infections in immunocompromised patients. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2007; 20:695–704
5.Viswanathan Epidemiology of diabetic foot and management of foot problems in India. International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds.2010;9:122-126.
6.Ekta Bansal, Ashish Garg, Sanjeev Bhatia , A K Attri, Jagdish Chander. Spectrum of Microbial Flora in Daibetic foot ulcers. IJPM 2008; 51(2):204-8.
7.Dipali A Chincholikar (Nee Kothari), Ramprasad B Pal. Study of Fungal and Bacterial infections of the diabetic foot. Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2002;45(1):15-22.
8.Chellan G, Shivaprakash S, Karimassery Ramaiyar S, Varma AK, Varma N, Thekkeparambil Sukumaran M, et al. Spectrum and prevalence of fungi infecting deep tissues of lower-limb wounds in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Clin Microbiol. 2010;48:2097–102.
9.Ramakrishna Pai, Rekha Boloor, Shreevidya K, Divakar Shenoy. Fusarium solani: An emerging fungus in chronic diabetic ulcer. Journal of laboratory physicians 2010;2(1):37-9.
10.Pinaki Dutta, A Premkumar, Arunaloke Chakrabarti, Viral N Shah, Arnanshu Behera, Depankar De et al. Fusarium falciforme Infection of Foot in a Patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Mycopathologia 2013:DOI10.1007/s11046-013-9646-z
11.Mustafa Özyurt, Nurittin Ardıç, Kadir Turan, Şenol Yıldız, Oğuz Özyaral,Uğur Demirpek et al.The isolation of Fusarium sporotrichioides from a diabetic foot wound sample and identification. Marmara Medical Journal 2008;21(1);068-072
12.Saad J. Taj-Aldeen, Josepa Gene, Issam Al Bozom, Walter Buzina, Jose´ Francisco Cano & Josep Guarro. Gangrenous necrosis of the diabetic foot caused by Fusarium acutatum. Medical Mycology 2006; 44:547-52
13.Jagdish Chander.Textbook of Medical Mycology, New Delhi, Mehta Publishers, 2009;425-7.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil
Copyright © 2013 Sahu Manisa,Bal Arun,Bhalekar Pallavi,Keny Dipti. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Article citation:-
Sahu Manisa,Bal Arun,Bhalekar Pallavi,Keny Dipti. Fusarium species: An emerging fungal pathogen in diabetic foot infections. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December 37(37): 1957-1959. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Case study
Mwanri Lillian (FAFPHM)1,* and Benson Jill2,3
Affiliation:-
1Discipline of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University
2Discipline of General Practice, University of Adelaide 3Migrant Health Service, SA Health
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Discipline of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University
Discipline of General Practice, University of Adelaide Migrant Health Service, SA Health
Corresponding author:-
Dr Lillian Mwanri (MD, PhD, FAFPHM)
Course Coordinator, Master of Health and International Development, Discipline of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, Flinders UniversityLevel2, Health Sciences Building, Registry Road, Bedford Park SA5042.
Tel/Fax: 0872218417/0872218424
Email: lillian.mwanri@flinders.edu.au
Core idea: Cholesteatoma is a serious health condition and can lead to severe complications including meningitis, brain and extradural abscesses and death. While it is not an uncommon in developing countries, the cholesteatoma occurrence is rare in Australia. Many health professionals in Australia have not seen cholesteatoma cases in their practice. This paper analyses the occurrence of a few cases in a newly arrived refugee populations. Findings highlight the need to educate health professionals about the higher than the expected cases in newly refugee populations. The findings are highly transferable to other countries similar to Australia where refugee population from developing countries is increasing.
Authors contribution: Both the author contributed equally to this paper.
Abstract: Purpose: This paper aims to describe the unusually high prevalence of cholesteatoma in refugees, and to advocate for the preparation of health systems including educating clinicians and other health professionals about conditions that are more common in refugee populations.
Methods: An audit of patient records from the Migrant Health Service in Adelaide was conducted from June 2009 to November2011 to identify Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media (CSOM) and cholesteatoma cases.
Results: In the 2.5 year timeframe of the study, 20 patients were diagnosed with CSOM, including 13males (65%) and seven females (35%). Two cases of Cholesteatoma were also identified during the same study period. Details of CSOM have been published elsewhere1. In the current paper, we report two cases of Cholesteatoma in recently arrived refugee populations in South Australia.
Discussion: Both cholesteatomas and CSOM are diseases of poverty and rare conditions in the general Australian population. In the past two decades, Australia has received an increasingly high flow of migrants from across the world with significant proportions arriving with refugee backgrounds. Refugees have multiple risk factors for cholesteatoma: were having commonly been victims of torture, trauma and head injury and mostly coming from a background of severe and long-standing socio-economic disadvantage. Advocacy and education are needed to improve the preparedness of clinicians, other health workers and health systems to address the unique needs of this vulnerable group of people to ensure that they have optimum health as they settle into Australia.
Key words: Recently arrived refugee populations; Cholesteatoma; Medical and health workers’ education; addressing health inequalities.
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Article citation:-
Mwanri Lillian & Benson Jill. Cases of cholesteatoma in refugee populations in South Australia. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 December; 37(37): 1915-1921. Available at www.jpbms.info
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Nil