DocumentsDate added
Case report
Srivastava Monika1,*,Abhijeet Yadav1,Baweja Sonia2,Sharma Vandana3,Dixit Asha4
Affiliation:-
1M.B.B.S,Post Graduate Student, Department of Anatomy, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal (MP),India
2MS,Assistant Professor,3MS, Associate Professor,4MS, Professor & Head, Department of Anatomy, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal (MP),India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Anatomy,
Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal (MP), India
*Corresponding author:-
Dr. Monika Srivastava.
C/o Mr. R.K Srivastava
H.No 1532, Near Ebnezer School,
Bhagat Singh Nagar, Bhind Road
Gola Ka Mandir, Gwalior (MP)-474005,India
Contact No: 09893553306, 09027156756
Abstract:
Background: Sternalis is a mysterious strap like muscle present in approx. 3-4% of population. Its awareness among surgeons & radiologist is imperative as it may lead to misdiagnosis and have huge clinical implications.
Aim: To study anatomical & morphological characteristics of the study muscle.
Material & Methods:- A formalin preserved male cadaver was incised in the mid sternal line. Bilateral strap muscles were seen in the parasternal region. The area was cleaned and properly visualized. Subsequently, it was measured and photographed with proper labels.
Result: Muscles were present on the anterior wall of the thorax. Both had an aponeurotic origin. The tendon of the left side was intermingled with Sternoclediomastiod while the right one was intermingled with the muscles fibers of the Pectoralis Major of both the side. Neurovascular supplies of both the side were from the intercostals nerves and vessels.
Conclusion: Dissected muscles were Sternalis Muscles. They were straight muscles that were present in the parasternal area with separate origins and insertions with no boney attachment as a Panniculous Carnosus muscle
Keywords: Sternalis; Panniculous Carnosus; Bilateral Strap Muscles.
Srivastava Monika,Abhijeet Yadav,Baweja Sonia,Sharma Vandana,Dixit Asha. A Case report on bilateral rectus sternalis muscles: A mysterious muscles. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(02): 80-83. Available at www.jpbms.info.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: None
Copyright © 2014 Srivastava Monika,Abhijeet Yadav,Baweja Sonia,Sharma Vandana,Dixit Asha. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution. a
Original article
Singla K 1,*, Sodhi KS 2, Pandey R 2, Singh J 2, Sharma P3
Affiliation:-
1 Post graduate student, Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, India.
2Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, India.
2Professor and Head of Department, Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, India.
3Ph.D student, Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, India.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, India.
Authors contribution: All the authors contributed equally to this paper.
*Corresponding author:-
Dr. Kusum Singla,
Post Graduate Student,
Department of Biochemistry,
Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, India.
Email address: dockusumairan@gmail.com
Phone number: +91-9034933995.
Abstract:
Aim: The present study was undertaken to evaluate the role of cystatin C as an early biomarker of renal impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) before the onset of microalbuminuria.
Materials and methods: For the present hospital based cross-sectional study, a total number of 30 normoalbuminuric, T2DM patients for more than 5 years of duration in the age group of 30 years and above were selected. Serum and urine cystatin C estimation along with calculation of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology (CKDEPI) and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) equations was performed.
Results: There was no statistical difference in the mean serum and urine cystatin C levels among males and females (p>0.05). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of eGFR calculated using MDRD and CKDEPI showed the overall accuracy of 63% with sensitivity and specificity of 70% and 60% respectively. ROC analysis of urine cystatin C predicted sensitivity and specificity of 50% each.
Conclusion: Serum cystatin C estimation is a useful approach for early detection of renal impairment in T2DM. This would help in reducing the burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD) related morbidity and mortality.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, Cystatin C, diabetes mellitus, normoalbuminuria.
Singla K ,Sodhi KS, Pandey R,Singh J,Sharma P. The utility of serum cystatin C in the diagnosis of early diabetic nephropathy. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(02): 84-87. Available at www.jpbms.info.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: Financial grant from Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi.
Copyright © 2014 Singla K ,Sodhi KS,Pandey R,Singh J,Sharma P. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.