DocumentsDate added
Review article
Gandhi M. 1,* & Swaminathan S2
Affiliation:-
1Lab Technologist, Department of Biochemistry, Central Lab, 2Chief of Biochemistry , Department of Biochemistry, Central Lab, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kattankulathur. Kancheepuram District 603 203, South India.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Central Lab, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kattankulathur. Kancheepuram District 603 203, South India.
Authors contribution: Both the author contributed equally to this paper.
*Corresponding author:-
Dr.Swaminathan S
Central Lab, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Kattankulathur. Kancheepuram District 603 203, South India.
Abstract: It has been universally established that many factors are involved in inducing obesity which in turn is linked to Diabetes and that people who are obese have a tendency to acquire type 2 Diabetes mellitus. Studies conducted worldwide reveals that obesity may be due to several uncontrolled factors such as fatty liver, Adipose tissue fat content , eating Jung food, smoking, alcohol use, hypertension and sedentary life style. This paper gives an up to date review of many factors involved in the development of obesity which in turn induce type 2 Diabetes. It also highlights some special tests that may help to diagnose and to work out on strategies to treat such syndromes.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; copper; hemodialysis; magnesium; trace elements; zinc; Obesity, DM; T2DM; FFA;MH; ANP.
Gandhi M. & Swaminathan S. An update on the factors leading to obseity and their association to diabetes mellitus. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(02): 72-79. Available at www.jpbms.info.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Panjiyar K.Shambhu,Kumari A.R,Jayaram Subha,Pandey Rajesh,Singh Jasbir. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Olayode Olusina S1(MSc), Azubuike Chukwuemeka P1,* (PhD), Igwilo Cecilia I1 (PhD)
Affiliation:-
1Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, P.M.B.12003, Lagos, Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, P.M.B.12003, Lagos, Nigeria
*Corresponding author:-
Azubuike Chukwuemeka P.
Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, P.M.B.12003, Lagos, Nigeria
Email: cazubuike@unilag.edu.ng Phone no: +234-8033618556+234-8033618556
Abstract:
The security and purity of low density polyethylene packaged water for human consumption during their shelf life was studied.
Assessment of protective ability of thin film polyethylene packaging material of twelve brands of sachet water randomly obtained in Mushin area of Lagos state was carried out by challenging the samples with Escherichia coli, methyl violet solution and dual purpose kerosene (DPK) respectively to estimate the extent it protects the content (water) from being contaminated by microorganisms, solute and vapour.
Five of the twelve brands (41.7%) were contaminated with microorganisms most likely during production. A brand was contaminated with Escherichia coli while another one with Schistosoma spp. Three other brands were contaminated with Shigella spp. Microbiological challenge test result indicated presence of challenge organism in one brand within two weeks and in three brands at fourth week. At third day of exposure to DPK, eight brands had smell and tastes of DPK, all the brands were permeated by DPK at seventh day of exposure. Only one brand was penetrated by dye (methyl violet) at first week of immersion and five other brands at fourth week of immersion.
The study shows the need for the improvement of the quality of the packaging materials for sachet water and the also the need to reduce its shelf life.
Keywords: Challenge test, Escherichia coli, Low Density Polyethylene and packaged water.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: None.
Article citation:
Olayode Olusina S,Azubuike Chukwuemeka P,Igwilo Cecilia I.Assessment of the effects of low density polyethylene packaging materials on the content of sachet water marketed in Mushin Local Government Area, Lagos, Nigeria. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(02):100-105. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2014Olayode Olusina S,Azubuike Chukwuemeka P,Igwilo Cecilia I.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
Khetri R1, Dugar D2,*, Ghata S3
Affiliation:-
1Associate professor, 2Assistant professor, 3 2nd year P.G Student, Department of General surgery, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of General surgery, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. DHARMENDRA DUGAR M.S.
Department of General surgery, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Contact no:- +91-9437091846+91-9437091846
Abstract
Background: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed general surgical procedures in practice. The introduction of a laparoscopic technique has sparked a debate in the literature over the superiority of this method versus open repair. In this article, we examine the advantages and disadvantages of these two approaches in inguinal hernia repair.
Material & method: We conducted a prospective interventional type of hospital based study of 40 patients with inguinal hernia. Out of this 20 patients underwent laparoscopic repair (TEP) and the rest had open hernia repair. Patients were selected considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Factors studied were operative time, post-op pain and complications comparing both procedures. Follow-up was done for 2 years.
Result: Laparoscopic hernia repair compared to open method takes more operative time [79min/61min], less painful [1.5/3 in visual analogue], less hospital stay [3days/8days] respectively. There was no major complication in both the procedure and no recurrence in 2 years of follow-up.
Conclusion: Laparoscopic hernia repair is superior to open hernia repair in respect to post-operative pain, ambulation and easy return to work in experienced hands. Laparoscopy is safe with complication rate same as open hernia repair performed by a surgeon experienced in laparoscopic technique.
Key words: Laparoscopy, Totally-Extraperitoneal, Transabdominal-Preperitonealdfgj.
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Article citation:
Khetri R, Dugar D, Ghata S. Comparative Study of Open Versus Laparoscopic Inguinal Hernia Repair. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(02): 113-117. Available at www.jpbms.info
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Abbreviations: Laparoscopy: Lap; Totally-Extraperitoneal: TEP; Transabdominal-Preperitoneal:TAPP.
Copyright © 2014 Khetri R, Dugar D, Ghata S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
HG Hamza1,*, A I Saleh1, Z K Mohammed1, H A Ngadda2
Affiliation:-
1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri. PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria
2Department of Histopathology, College of Medical Sciences, University of Maiduguri. PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
University of Maiduguri. PMB 1069, Maiduguri, Nigeria
*Corresponding author:
Dr HG Hamza.
Department of Biochemistry. Faculty of Science University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069 Nigeria
Abstract:
The present study aims at investigating the chemopreventive potentials of water extract of traditional medicinal plant, Detarium microcarpum against mycotoxin induced hepatic and renal damage in rats. The result of the study revealed that the mycotoxin ingested animal showed drastic weight loss, induced liver and kidney damage through elevating marker enzymes and serological variables. However, administration of 750 mg/kg body weight of the water extract of Detarium microcarpum effectively ameliorated the deviation caused by liver and kidney damage in response to mycotoxin ingestion. Pathological examination of the liver and kidney tissues also supported the biochemical findings. From the current investigation it can be concluded that supplementation of plant extract was beneficial in modulating the alteration induced in liver, kidney and serum variables of rats under the effect of mycotoxin.
Keywords: Mycotoxins; Deterium microcarpum; Chemopreventive potentials.
HG Hamza, A I Saleh, Z K Mohammed, H A Ngadda. Effect of aqueous extract of detarium microcarpum (Guill&Sperr) on mycotoxin- induced tissue damage in albino rats. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(02): 92-99. Available at www.jpbms.info.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: None
Copyright © 2014 HG Hamza, A I Saleh, Z K Mohammed, H A Ngadda. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Panjiyar K.Shambhu1,*,Kumari A.R2,Jayaram Subha3,Pandey Rajesh4,Singh Jasbir4
Affiliation:-
1Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, Kantipur Dental College, Kathmandu, Nepal
2Professor, 3Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, PES Medical College, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh, India
4Professor, Department of Biochemistry, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1. Department of Biochemistry, Kantipur Dental College, Kathmandu, Nepal.
2. Department of Biochemistry, PES Medical College, Kuppam, Andhra Pradesh,India
3. Department of Biochemistry, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana,India
*Corresponding author:-
Shambhu K. Panjiyar.
Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, Kantipur Dental College, Kathmandu, Nepal
Mobile: 00977-9841155094
Abstract:
Context: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing health problem worldwide. The status of trace elements in CKD, though altered, is often unexplored.
Aim: To evaluate serum zinc, copper and magnesium in CKD patients, before and after hemodialysis (HD).
Setting and design: Community-based prospective cross-sectional study in rural setting of Andhra Pradesh.
Materials and methods: 30 cases diagnosed as CKD patients undergoing HD, and 30 healthy subjects as controls were selected. The cases were further divided into 2 groups namely pre-HD and post-HD. In each subject, serum zinc, copper and magnesium were analyzed.
Statistical analysis: It was done by entering the data in SPSS version 12 [SPSS v12 (SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL)]. Bar charts and tables were prepared in Microsoft excel 2007 software program.
Results: Serum zinc levels are decreased in CKD, however, the pre-HD and post-HD values were not significantly different. Serum copper levels were unaltered. Finally, serum magnesium levels were increased in CKD but decreased significantly following HD.
Conclusions: Alteration in trace elements may occur in CKD, and may be further modified by HD. This aspect requires attention and rectification where necessary.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; copper; hemodialysis; magnesium; trace elements; zinc.
Panjiyar K.Shambhu,Kumari A.R,Jayaram Subha,Pandey Rajesh,Singh Jasbir. Evaluation of serum zinc, copper and magnesium in patients with chronic kidney disease, before and after hemodialysis. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(02): 88-91. Available at www.jpbms.info.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Source of support: None
Copyright © 2014 Panjiyar K.Shambhu,Kumari A.R,Jayaram Subha,Pandey Rajesh,Singh Jasbir. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.