DocumentsDate added
Original article
Manjula Shantaram1,2,*, Anusha M.S.3, Chethana3
Affiliation:-
1Professor of Biochemistry, Mangalore University, PG Centre, Chikka Aluvara, 571232, Kodagu, Karnataka, India
2Professor of Biochemistry, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
3Post Graduate Students, Department of Biochemistry, St. Aloysius College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1. Mangalore University, PG Centre, Chikka Aluvara, 571232, Kodagu, Karnataka, India
2. Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
3. Department of Biochemistry, St. Aloysius College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Manjula Shantaram.
Professor of Biochemistry, Mangalore University, PG Centre, Chikka Aluvara, 571232, Kodagu, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a major worldwide health problem leading to markedly increased mortality and serious morbidity. Literature demonstrates increased adenosine deaminase activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus than in non- diabetics. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme that has been suggested to be important for modulating the bioactivity of insulin. It is a metalloenzyme which catalyzes the irreversible deamination of adenosine and deoxyadenosine to inosine and deoxyinosine and has an important role in regulating adenosine concentration. This study aims to correlate the association of adenosine deaminase with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The subjects included in this study consisted of 20 normal healthy individuals who served as controls with no history of DM and 20 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus both males and females in the age group of 25-50 years on oral hypoglycemic drugs. In our study, the activity of serum ADA was measured according to the method of Giusti. ADA was estimated in all the subjects under study. ADA level was found to be decreased in the patients of type 2 DM as compared to controls. Moreover, the patients were the confirmed diabetes cases and were undergoing treatment for their disease. It is possible that the decrease in ADA levels may be due to the depressed cell mediated immunity in the patients due to the intake of medicines to control their blood sugar. Results suggest that reduced serum ADA activity reflects decrease in ADA 2 activity.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus (DM); Adenosine deaminase(ADA); Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Serum.
Article citation:
Manjula Shantaram, Anusha M.S, Chethana. Serum Adenosine Deaminase activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03): 246-248. Available at www.jpbms.info.
REFERENCES:
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Manjula Shantaram, Anusha M.S, Chethana. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:
Tripathi Purti C1,*, Dhote Kiran2
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor,2Laboratory Technician, Department of Microbiology, L. N. Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal (M.P.) 462042, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Microbiology, L. N. Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal (M.P.) India
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Purti C. Tripathi
Flat No. 402, Vaishnavi Dham, Plot E77/78, Sector 3, Belpada, Kharghar, Mumbai - 410 210, Maharashtra, India.
Phone numbers: 9922558999, 9827091875
Abstract
Background: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are the commonest health problem demanding frequent consultation and hospitalization. Moreover, in recent years, there has been dramatic rise in antibiotic resistance among respiratory pathogens. This study aims to know the prevalence of microorganisms causing lower respiratory tract infections and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of these bacterial isolates.
Material and Methods: 372 sputum samples of patients presenting with symptoms of LRTI were collected and processed by standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by modified Kirby Bauer method as per the CLSI guidelines. All gram negative organisms were further tested for ESBL production using CLSI phenotypic confirmatory test.
Results: Out of 372 processed sputum specimens, 157 (42.20%) specimens yielded significant growth. The highest isolation rate was observed in the 51-60 years of age group with a male preponderance. Klebsiella pneumoniae (42.03%) was found to be the predominant organism. The resistance pattern varied for different organisms. All the gram negative isolates were sensitive to imipenem while high resistance was recorded for antibiotics such as ampicillin, third generation cephalosporins, amoxycillin-clavulinic acid, ampicillin-sulbactam and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. For the gram positive isolates, vancomycin and linezolid were 100% sensitive. 35(25.73%) gram negative isolates were found to be extended spectrum beta-lactamase producers.
Conclusion: LRTI remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore correct identification of the causative pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in turn helps to select best antibiotic therapy which ultimately helps for diagnosis and treatment of the patients.
Keywords: LRTI; Gram negative isolates; Antibiotic resistance; ESBL.
REFERENCES
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Article citation:
Tripathi Purti C, Dhote Kiran. Lower respiratory tract infections: Current etiological trends and antibiogram. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03): 249-255. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Tripathi Purti C, Dhote Kiran. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:
Lakshminarasimhaiah1,*, S. Alexander2
Affiliation:-
1Prasad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jangaon-506167, Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh, India.
2J.S.S College of Pharmacy, Rocklands, Post Box No:20, Ootacamund-643 001, Tamil Nadu, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Prasad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jangaon-506167, Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh, India
J.S.S College of Pharmacy, Rocklands, Post Box No: 20, Ootacamund-643 001, Tamil Nadu, India
*To whom it corresponds:-
Lakshminarasimhaiah.
Prasad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jangaon-506167, Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract
In the present investigation a series of pyrazole derivatives were synthesized by condensation of 8-acetyl, 7-hydroxy, 4-methyl coumarin(I) with substituted benzaldehyde to form chalkone (II). The obtained chalkone was treated with hydrazine to form pyrazole derivatives(IIIa-h). The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, Mass spectra and elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for analgesic activity. The synthesized compounds showed good analgesic activity compared to standard drug.
Keywords: Analgesic activity; ESIMS; 1H NMR; IR; Pyrazole.
Article citation:
Lakshminarasimhaiah, S. Alexander. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Pyrazole Derivatives. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03): 267-272. Available at www.jpbms.info.
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Lakshminarasimhaiah, S. Alexander. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case report
Harish Kumar Jain1, Anshul Jhanwar2,*, Mukul Jain3
Affiliation:-
1Associate Professor, Orthopedics, Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar (Raj) India.
2Senior Demonstrator,Pharmacology, Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar (Raj) India.
3M.B.B.S. Student, Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar (Raj) India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Orthopaedics, Jhalawar Medical College, Jhalawar (Raj) India
Author’s contributions
First author contributed to the concept, literature search, design, clinical work, manuscript editing and review. Second author contributed to the design, literature search, data acquisition and analysis, manuscript preparation, editing. Third author contributed to the literature search, data acquisition, analysis, manuscript editing.
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Anshul Jhanwar.
Senior Demonstrator, Pharmacology, Jhalawar medical college, Jhalawar (Raj) India.
Abstract
Hip prosthetic femoral stem fractures are much less common with strong alloys. Prosthetic femoral stem fracture should be considered in patients with hip arthroplasty presenting with proximal thigh pain. Here, we report a case of hip prosthetic femoral stem fracture with intact femur in which the distal part of the broken stem was removed with the help of retrograde intramedullary nailing without any osteotomy.
Keywords: Hip prosthetic; Femoral stem fracture; Retrograde nailing.
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Article citation:
Harish Kumar Jain, Anshul Jhanwar, Mukul Jain. Prosthetic femoral stem fracture with intact femur: Removal of the broken stem with retrograde nailing. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03): 198-2001. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Harish Kumar Jain, Anshul Jhanwar, Mukul Jain. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original Article
Iyanda Ayobola A*
Affiliation:-
Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Nigeria
*To whom it corresponds:-
Iyanda Ayobola A.
Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Nigeria
Phone No +2347039407465+2347039407465
Abstract
Background/aim: Exposure to kerosene is common in the developing world where it is used as fuel for cooking purposes. The objective of this study was to investigate the activities of the endogenous antioxidant enzymes; catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase as well as levels of malondialdehyde, reduced and oxidized glutathione in rats that had been exposed to kerosene through either the oral or dermal route and to compare 1 week response with that of 3 weeks. Materials & Methods: Thirty rats were randomly divided into five groups. Groups 1 & 2 were administered with 0.3 ml/kg body weight of kerosene through oral and dermal routes respectively and the study terminated after 1 week. Groups 3 (oral) and four (dermal) received the same treatment as groups 1 and 2 but the study was terminated after 3 weeks of exposure. Group five served as the control. Blood samples were collected after each administration period.
Results: Irrespective of route or duration of exposure, activities of antioxidant enzymes were significantly reduced (p<0.05) except SOD that was not significantly different (p>0.05) in dermal group after 1 week of kerosene administration. Moreover, reduced glutathione and reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio were significantly decreased (p<0.05) while MDA and oxidized glutathione were significantly increased (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Exposure to trace quantity of kerosene is toxic to the antioxidant defense system of Wistar rats even as early as the first week of exposure.
Keywords: Female Wistar rats; Kerosene; Oxidative stress.
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Article citation:
Iyanda A.A. Two different durations of exposure: A comparison of the effects of trace quantity of kerosene on serum antioxidant indices in wistar rats. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03): 215-221. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Iyanda A.A. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited