DocumentsDate added
Original article:
Bahar Morshed Behbahani1,Leili Mosalanejad2,*, Nehle parandavar3, Tahmine Dadkhah Tehrani4
Affiliation:-
1Maternity Department, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Nursing and Midwifery school, Shiraz, Iran
2Mental Health Department, Research center for social Determinant Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
3Maternity Department, Research center for social Determinant Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
43Maternity Department, Health care research University center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qum, Iran
*To whom it corresponds:-
Leili mosalanejad.
Mental Health Department, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
0098-0791-33411310098-0791-3341131
Abstract
Introduction: Nowadays, safe and healthy delivery is an important part of mother and child care programs and choosing normal delivery or cesarean section is one of the most important decisions made by mother and her family which draws special attention of health and treatment systems. Different factors with different intensities affect this decision making. In the present study, we tried to clarify the issue with vast investigations using an ethnographic research.
Method: The present qualitative research by data triangulation approach using an ethnographic method during two years in three phases. Our sample included hospital patients, medical staff and physicians. The sample size was determined by reaching the saturation level. In the first phase, observations were recorded and in the second phase, study participants were interviewed. Finally, the researchers made interventions as medical staff and recorded their observations in the third phase. Data analysis was performed cyclically in order to find cultural contents and metaphors.
Results: Five cultural and social contents were found which influenced the choice of delivery. Perspective of fear and difficult delivery. Cultural change and the vulnerability of women, social change and modernization, medical interventions and finally decision making in the public policy.
Discussion: Fear and experience of pain is one of the most effective items which affect the choice of delivery. The tendency toward luxurious life and social ostentation has penetrated modes of delivery as well and surgical operations are regarded as a kind of superiority. Changing in roles, accepting reproductive roles and views of health workers have also exacerbated the problem and the phenomenon of normal delivery somehow shifts to medicalization and frequent medical interventions result in an increasing tendency toward performing cesarean section.
Conclusions: Suitable propaganda on choosing no or less-pain labors is recommended. This culture should be created that normal delivery indicates a high social class. Healthcare staff’ view toward delivery should be changed that delivery is a normal issue and medical interventions are not always needed.
Keywords: Choice of delivery – urban society – ethnography.
REFERENCES
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Article Citation:
Bahar Morshed Behbahani,Leili Mosalanejad,Nehle parandavar,TahmineDadkhah Tehrani. A Comprehensive Survey of The Choice Of Delivery In Urban Women Community: Ethical challenge : An Ethnographic Research. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03): 176-182. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Bahar Morshed Behbahani, Leili Mosalanejad,Nehle parandavar, TahmineDadkhah Tehrani. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Iyanda Ayobola A*
Affiliation:-
Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Nigeria
*To whom it corresponds:-
Iyanda Ayobola A.
Department of Chemical Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Osogbo, Nigeria
Phone No +2347039407465
Abstract
Background: A number of pathological conditions have been linked with androgenetic alopecia (AGA) but few studies exist that have studied a possible relationship between alopecia renal or hepatic dysfunction and AGA.
Aim: The aim of this study is to identify if hepato-renal dysfunction exist in androgenetic alopecia male subjects. Materials and Methods: Three categories of alopecia subjects namely; smokers, alcohol consuming and non-smoking/non-alcohol consuming alopecia subjects that have been designated into GROUP A, GROUP B and GROUP C respectively were used for the study. Forty subjects served as the control and was designated GROUP D. Androgenetic alopecia was classified using Norwood classification. Alkaline phosphatase, AST, ALT, GGT, bilirubin, total protein, albumin and globulin served as indices of hepatic damage while urea, creatinine and uric acid were for renal damage. Statistical analysis was done using Student t test, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and ANOVA.
Results: Results revealed that none of these indices was significant different in each of the alopecia groups compared with control (except GGT that was significantly higher (p<0.05) in alcohol-consuming group). Moreover there was no correlation between most of these indices and duration of alopecia. Conclusion: Although AGA has been linked with other clinical conditions such as coronary heart disease, abnormal lipid profile and insulin resistance, results of this study suggest that there seems to be no involvement of hepato- renal dysfunction in AGA in male Nigerian androgenetic alopecia subjects.
Keywords: Alcohol; Androgenetic Alopecia; Kidney; Liver; Smoking.
REFERENCES
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2.Hoffmann R. Male androgenetic alopecia. Clin Exp Dermatol. 2002; 27(5):373-82.
3.Pathomvanich D, Pongratananukul S, Thienthaworn P, Manoshai S. A random study of Asian male androgenetic alopecia in Bangkok, Thailand. Dermatol Surg. 2002; 28(9): 804-7.
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10.Arias-Santiago S, Gutiérrez-Salmerón MT, Buendía-Eisman A, Girón-Prieto MS, Naranjo-Sintes R. A comparative study of dyslipidaemia in men and woman with androgenic alopecia. Acta Derm Venereol. 2010; 90(5): 485-7.
11.Matilainen V, Laakso M, Hirsso P, Koskela P, Rajala U, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S. Hair loss, insulin resistance, and heredity in middle-aged women. A population-based study. J Cardiovasc Risk 2003; 10(3): 227-31.
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17.Sadighha A, Zahed GM. Evaluation of lipid levels in androgenetic alopecia in comparison with control group. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2009; 23: 80–81.
18.Matilainen VA, Mäkinen PK, Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi SM. Early onset of androgenetic alopecia associated with early severe coronary heart disease: a population-based, case-control study. J Cardiovasc Risk 2001; 8: 147–151.
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Article citation:
Iyanda A.A. A Study of the impact of smoking and alcohol intake on renal and hepatic function of male nigerian androgenetic alopecia subjects. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03):202-207. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Original article:
Jogia Priyanka D1,*, Desai Malini R2, Jogia Ashutosh3
Affiliation:-
1M.S.(Obstetrics & Gynecology), Assistant Professor, PDU Govt. Medical College, Rajkot. 2M.S. (Obstetrics & Gynecology), Professor and Head, BJ medical college, Ahmedabad, 3Resident Doctor (Community Medicine), PDU Govt. Medical College, Rajkot. Gujarat, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, BJ medical college, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Priyanka D Jogia.
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, PDU Govt. Medical College, Rajkot. Gujarat, India
Authors contributions:
Dr Priyanka Jogia has contributed in concepts, design, definition of intellectual content, literature search, data acquisition, data analysis, statistical analysis, manuscript preparation, manuscript editing, and manuscript review of the study. He takes responsibility of the integrity of the work as a whole from inception to published article and is the ‘guarantor’ of this study.
Dr Malini R Desai has contributed in concepts, design, definition of intellectual content, literature search, manuscript preparation, manuscript editing, and manuscript review of the study.
Dr. Ashutosh Jogia has contributed in design, definition of intellectual content, literature search, data analysis, statistical analysis, manuscript editing and manuscript review.
Abstract
Background: Abortion related deaths accounts to almost 13% of all pregnancy related deaths. Electric vacuum aspiration (EVA) is the most commonly used method of surgical abortion worldwide. Manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) syringe is a new method of abortion introduced under National Rural Health Mission and to be done at primary health care level.
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare EVA and MVA as methods for first trimester MTP in terms of efficacy, safety, blood loss and complications.
Method: The present study was a comparative study design comparing the two standard procedures for surgical termination of first trimester pregnancy. A total 208 subjects were studied after informed written consent. The women fulfilling the inclusion criteria & not having any of the exclusion criteria were then sequentially assigned alternately into Group A (EVA) and Group B (MVA).
Result: In the present study both groups were comparable according to age and gestational age in days (p>0.05). Mean blood loss in women undergoing MVA and EVA was 32.4 ml and 51.5 ml respectively. Similarly, 92.31% and 96.15% of the women undergoing MVA and EVA had complete abortion respectively.
Conclusion: Both procedures were equally effective with clinically insignificant blood loss. The occurrence of complications was relatively less and patient acceptability was more in women undergoing MVA as compared to women undergoing EVA, although statistically insignificant. However MVA being a simple, inexpensive procedure and its ability to be successfully used under resource poor primary health care settings makes it superior than EVA for developing countries.
Keywords: Effectiveness; Electric vacuum aspiration; Manual vacuum aspiration; Medical Termination of Pregnancy; Surgical methods of first trimester abortion.
Article citation:
Jogia Priyanka D, Desai Malini R, Jogia Ashutosh D. A Study to compare the efficacy and safety of manual vacuum aspiration as compared to electric vacuum aspiration in women undergoing first trimester medical termination of pregnancy. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 4(02): 261-266. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Jogia Priyanka D,Desai Malini R,Jogia Ashutosh D. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original Article
Bansal Vinita A1,Bansal Sangeeta A2,*
Affiliation:-
1Associated Professor, Department of Obstrectic and Gynecology, Index Medical College and Research Centre Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India.
2Associated Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Index Medical College and Research Centre Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Obstrectics and Gynecology, Index Medical College and Research Centre Indore, M.P, India.
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Sangeeta Bansal-Agarwal
401, Gold Residency, 7/2 Manoramaganj, Indore- 452001, India
Mobile – 98260-15819
Abstract
Background: Aim of the study was to find out the types of brain lesions in eclampsia and the region most affected in brain using CT scan, so that neuro patho physiological changes can be co-related with clinical symptoms and be treated accordingly.
Method: Twenty five cases of eclampsia were selected randomly from patients who were admitted to antenatal ward or as emergency cases in labour room irrespective of age and parity and CT scan done.
Result: Twenty out of twenty five patients show positive CT scan finding most common being vasogenic oedema followed by venous infarct and hypertensive ischemic encephalopathy.
Conclusion: CT scan shows that 80 % patient had positive findings and most common region affected is parieto occipital lobes. The findings correlated well with clinical findings in eclampsia patients and treatment given accordingly leads to relief of the neurological symptoms and reversal of changes in fundus and repeat CT scan.
Keywords: CT scan; Eclampsia; Neurological changes.
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Article citation:
Bansal Vinita A,Bansal Sangeeta A. Brain lesion in Eclampsia. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03): 241-245. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Bansal Vinita A, Bansal Sangeeta A. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:
M. Anil Kumar1, Ch.Rohini2, E.Prabhakar Reddy3,*, V Siva Kumar4 ,P.V.L.N.Srinivasa Rao5
Affiliation:-
1Tutor,Department of Biochemistry, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences Pondicherry,India
2Tutor, Department of Physiology, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital Pondicherry, India
3Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences Pondicherry, India
4Professor & Head, Department of Nephrology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, A.P, India
5Professor & Head, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, A.P, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Biochemistry, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences Pondicherry,India
*To whom it corresponds:-
M. Anil Kumar.
Department of Biochemistry,
Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences,
Pondicherry, India.
Abstract
Uremic malnutrition is predominantly present in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and worsens with the progression of CKD and is more evident in stage 5 CKD. These patients have well-defined abnormalities in their plasma and to a lesser extent in their muscle amino acid profiles. Of these the plasma levels of branched chain aminoacids (BCAA) leucine, isoleucine and valine are particularly important in skeletal muscle energy metabolism, and leucine enhances protein synthesis. The nutritional status in predialysis patients is a predictor for their prognosis in the first period of dialysis. Serum albumin is the most commonly used nutritional marker however its serum concentration decreases sharply in response to inflammation. Plasma BCAA’s were evaluated along with albumin and C-reactive protein in fifteen patients of early stages of chronic kidney disease (stages I & II classified as per K/DOQI guidelines) and fifteen age and sex matched healthy controls. A significant decrease in plasma concentration of valine, leucine, and albumin, were observed in the study group when compared to the controls (p< 0.05). No significant difference in the CRP levels was observed between the two groups. Malnutrition seen in our patients point to the need to evaluate the nutritional status of CKD patients in the early stage and institution of measures in the form of amino acid supplementation in the early stages to decrease the morbidity and mortality in these patients before start of dialysis.
Keywords: Malnutrition; Predialysis; Albumin; C-reactive protein; Amino acid.
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Article citation:
M.Anil Kumar, Ch.Rohini, E.Prabhakar Reddy, V Siva Kumar ,P.V.L.N.Srinivasa Rao. Branched Chain Amino Acid Profile In Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03): 256-260. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 M.Anil Kumar, Ch.Rohini, E.Prabhakar Reddy, V Siva Kumar, P.V.L.N.Srinivasa Rao. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.