DocumentsDate added
Research article
Nuha M.E. Agabna1 , Sania A.I. Shaddad2,*, A.K. Mudathir3
Affiliation:-
1 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Khartoum, Sudan
2 Deptartment of Medicine (Pharmacology), Faculty of Medicine University of Khartoum, Sudan
3 Department of Pharmacogonosy, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Khartoum, Sudan
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Khartoum, Sudan
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr Nuha ME Agabna
Department of Pharmacology), Faculty of Pharmacy University of Khartoum, Sudan
Contact no:-++249912564229
Abstract
Lawsonia inermis, family Lythraceae (henna) is used traditionally to manage many conditions. This study evaluated the effects of 500 and 1000g/Kg dose of ethanolic seeds extracts on haematologic parameters, serum electrolytes, urea, creatinine, liver enzymes, plasma proteins, lipids profile, and random blood glucose.
Method: A single oral dose of 500mg and 1000mg /Kg was administered to two groups of mice to study acute toxicity. The extract was administered orally daily for 30 days to two groups of five animals each; one receiving 500mg/Kg and the other 1000mg/kg, a third group was control given normal saline 10ml/Kg. Blood samples were taken at days 0, 15 and 30 and analyzed for complete haemogram, kidney and liver function. By the end of the experiment animals were sacrificed, examined post mortally, histological slides of vital organs prepared to study the effects.
Results: The acute dose of 500mg and 1000mg /Kg caused no death in animals after 24 hours, and no signs of change in feeding, behavior, diarrhea or loss of fur were observed.
WBC, RBC haemoglobin and platelets count were minimally affected. Serum Na and K were not deviated from control, and so for creatinine and urea. Liver enzymes were not affected by chronic administration of henna extract. However a slight but significant elevation in AST was recorded in the high dose group. Plasma proteins were not affected. The lipids profile was similar to control group. Random blood glucose was same as the control group (within the limits). Post mortem examination showed no signs of toxicity. Observing feeding and animals behavior no differences were seen.
Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of L. inermis seeds at the studied doses is safe with no detrimental effects.
Keywords: Lawsonia inermis, safety, haematology, renal function, liver function.
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Article citation:
Nuha Agabna ME, Sania Shaddad AI, Mudathir AK. Safety of Lawsonia inermis ethanolic seeds extract. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(43):303-309. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Nuha Agabna ME, Sania Shaddad AI, Mudathir AK. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:
Abul Fazil MD1, Sheetal Raj M MD2, Aditya Verma MBBS3, Jagadish Rao Padubidri MD, DNB4,*
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, 2Senior Resident, Department of Medicine, 3Undergraduate Medical Student,4Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore,Karnataka, India [Affiliated to Manipal University]
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India [Affiliated to Manipal University].
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Jagadish Rao Padubidri.
Associate Professor, Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College, Light House Hill Road, Mangalore-1, Karnataka, India.[ Affiliated to Manipal University].
Contact No: +91-9900405085+91-9900405085.
Abstract
Background/ objective: Leptospirosis is a spirochetal bacterial infection of great public health importance. Acute pancreatitis is an uncommon gastrointestinal manifestation of leptospirosis. The aims and objective of this study was to find the incidence of hyperamylasemia in cases of severe leptospirosis and to correlate the incidence of hyperamylasemia with acute pancreatitis among patients with severe leptospirosis.
Methods: All patients who were positive for IgM ELISA test (IgM ELISA > 11 panbiounits was considered positive for leptospirosis) and had features suggestive of severe leptospirosis or Weil’s disease were included in the study. Serum amylase levels were assessed in all patients, included in the study. An ultrasound of the abdomen was done to objectively confirm or refute the presence of acute pancreatitis in all patients included in the study.
Results: The study included 25 cases diagnosed of Severe Leptospirosis. 24 out of 25 cases [96 %] had renal failure. All the cases [100%] had deranged liver function tests. 17 out of the 25 [68%] cases had hyperamylasemia. Almost all patients showed evidence of multi organ dysfunction in the form of deranged renal function or hepatic dysfunction or both. Out of the total 25 cases included in the study, 17 cases[68%] showed elevated levels of serum amylase.
Conclusions: It is evident from this study that despite of low reporting, the dangerous complication of acute pancreatitis is not so rare among patients with severe leptospirosis. Hyperamylasemia is commonly seen with an incidence of 68% among these patients. Our study shows that, threefold rise of serum amylase level remains a very specific and cost effective test for detection of acute pancreatitis in patients with severe leptospirosis.
Keywords: Leptospirosis; serum amylase; hyperamylasemia; acute pancreatitis.
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This research work was presented in the 45th APACPH conference 2013, which was held from 24th to 27th October 2013, at Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Article citation:
Abul Fazil, Sheetal Ra M, Aditya Verma, Jagadish Rao Padubidri. Hyperamylasemia as an indicator of Acute Pancreatitis in Severe Leptospirosis- A preliminary study. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(04):273-278. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Abul Fazil, Sheetal Raj M, Aditya Verma, Jagadish Rao Padubidri. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Original article.
B. N. Pandey1,*,D. Kumar1, Esha2
Affiliation:-
1Eco-genetical Research Laboratory, P.G. Department of Zoology, 2P.G.Department of Economics Purnea College Purnia, Bihar,India.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
P.G. Department of Zoology, P.G .Department of Economics Purnea College Purnia, Bihar, India.
*To whom it corresponds:-
B. N. PANDEY.
P.G. Department of Zoology, Purnia College Purnia, Bihar, India
Abstract
Terai belt of Bihar is an agricultural zone. Economically it is a backward zone. The economy is agriculture dependent. About 70% women of weaker sections work as daily laborers in agricultural fields, 10% in brick factories and remaining as maid servants or in Angan Badi. The health status of these rural women of Terai belt was studied in relation to housing type, sanitation and occupation. The general health of rural women of Terai belt is not satisfactory. They are victim of a large number of diseases such as anemia, menstrual disorders, leucorrhea, arthritis, asthma, skin diseases, TB, malaria, filarial, kala-azar etc. The main reasons behind their health are poor and insanitary houses, poor socio-economic condition, poor literacy, poor facility of drinking water and their occupation. It is the need of time that these rural women should be provided better health care facilities for their better future. There must be regular environmental awareness programmes at village level. To educate them about sanitation, personal hygiene and protection against their work related aspects should be first step towards better of their health. They must be convinced about the bad effect of insanitary condition, ill ventilated house, disposal of garbage near houses, drinking of contaminated water as well as taking food without proper cleaning of hands. All these can be done with the help of slides, posters and films etc.
Keywords:Health status; rural women; terai belt; sanitation; personal hygiene.
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Article citation:
Pandey BN, Esha DK. Health status of rural women of terai belt of Bihar (India) in relation to housing type, sanitation and occupation. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(04):284-290. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Pandey BN, Kumar D,Esha. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:
Idoko J1,*, Enemari JO1, Okolo SC1, Yaro DJ1, Akpulu, P2, Mairiga AA1, Aghenumu L1, Owolagba G1, Dasi KR3,Anyebe EE4 , Ameh EA5, Ogboi SJ3
Affiliation:-
1Department of Pathology Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria
2Department of Human Anatomy Ahmadu Bello University Zaria
3Research and Training Unit, Department of Nurse Education, ABU Teaching Hospital Zaria.
4Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, A.B.U. Teaching Hospital Zaria, Nigeria
5Public Health Lab. Department of Med. comm. ABU Zaria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Pathology Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria.
2.Department of Human Anatomy Ahmadu Bello University Zaria.
3.Research and Training Unit, Department of Nurse Education, ABU Teaching Hospital Zaria.
4.Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, A.B.U. Teaching Hospital Zaria, Nigeria
5.Public Health Lab. Dept of Med. comm. ABU Zaria.
*To whom it corresponds:-
Idoko J.
Department of Pathology Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria.
Contact number:- +2348061397320+2348061397320
Abstract:
High incidence of death has been associated with cervical cancer in the developing countries in the recent times, and so it is imperative to advance its detection. Hairspray (NOVA) was compared with routine 95% ethanol to assess the efficiency in cyto diagnosis of cervical smear. Two hundred (200) cervical smeared samples in duplicate were collected from patients, carefully labeled and were fixed immediately, using routine 95% ethanol and with hairspray (Nova) respectively. The slides were stained by papanicolaou technique and were evaluated. There was no degeneration of cell morphology and no significant toxic effect of the Hairspray (NOVA) when compared with 95% alcohol. The cells appeared normal, without shrinkage and with a clear background and good nuclear outline. Hairspray (NOVA) is cost effective, efficient, handy and easy to use. It is shown that, hairspray (Nova) is effective for cervical smear.
Keywords: Hairspray; routine fixative; cervical smear.
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Article citation:
Idoko J, Enemari JO, Okolo SC, Yaro DJ, Akpulu P, Mairiga AA et al. Hairspray (NOVA) as a substitute for Routine fixatives in cervical smear. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(04): 327-331. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Idoko J, Enemari JO, Okolo SC, Yaro DJ, Akpulu P, Mairiga AA et al. . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article:
N. Lakshmidevi1,*, Khadega Yahyah A. Al-hetar1, G B Kavishankar1,2
Affiliation:-
1Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, India
2Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
University of Mysore, India
*To whom it corresponds:-
N. Lakshmidevi
Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, India
Ph: +91-0821-2419739+91-0821-2419739
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a commensal bacterium but it can cause different infections for humans and animals after acquisition of virulence factor genes and with the time and by the random usage of antibiotics. It gains resistant to antibiotics that can be transmitted by E. coli to other pathogenic bacteria. Many measures and investigations should to be taken as a kind of prevention and to reduce the damages that will be caused by E. coli.
Keywords: E. coli, ESBLs, Phylogenetic Groups, Resistance Genes, Virulence Factors.
Article citation:
Lakshmidevi N, Al-hetar KY,Kavishankar GB. Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase Producing Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli (ESBL-ExPEC). J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(04):343-355. Available at www.jpbms.info.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Lakshmidevi N, Al-hetar KY,Kavishankar GB. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.