DocumentsDate added
Original article
Khetri R1,*, Dugar D2, Tim H T3
Affiliation:-
1Associate professor, 2Assistant professor, 3 2nd year P.G Student, Department of General surgery, Hi-Tech Medical college and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of General surgery, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
*To whom it corresponds:
Dr. DHARMENDRA DUGAR.
Assistant professor,
Department of surgery, Hi Tech Medical College & hospital; Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Mobile no.09437091846
Abstract:
Background: Little efforts have been done to know if Background: Health care associated infections are frequent in surgical wards and represent a high burden on patients and hospital in terms of morbidity, mortality, prolonged length of hospital stay and additional costs. In this study we analyse organism found at incision site intraoperatively and its relation with post-operative wound infection.
Material & method: We conducted a prospective hospital based study of 114 patients who underwent elective surgery. Patients were selected considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Two groups were considered–clean wounds (Group A) and clean contaminated wounds (Group B). Samples were taken from two sites–operative field and subcutaneous plane. Post-operative samples were collected from wound showing signs of infection.
Results: Most common organism grown in Group A in decreasing order was Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella and E. coli. Group B has Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli being the most common followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella. In post-operative period 4 patients from Group A and the same number of patients in Group B had serous/ purulent discharge. Out of 8/114 cases of surgical site infections only once the intra-operative site organism and post-procedure infection site organism was found to be same.
Conclusion: Although endogenous bacteria is responsible in most cases of SSI but intra-operative surgical site bacteria and post-operative SSI culture may be different. Hence taking suture site swab for culture in all surgical patients is not recommended for clean or clean contaminated wounds.
Keywords: Surgical Site Infection [SSI];Centres of Disease Control and prevention (CDC);Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus [MRSA].
REFERENCES
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Article citation:
Khetri R, Dugar D, Tim HT. Surgical site infection and its relation to Intra operative suture site organisms. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(04): 338-342. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Review Article:
Fuyong Jiao1,*, Xiangyang Guo2, Xianpeng Yan3, Li Wei4
Affiliation:-
1Professor, Department of Pediatrics the Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Xi,an Jiaotong Univeristy, Xi,an China
2Assistant Professor, Section of pediatric Neurology, Dept. of Pediatrics the Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Xi,an Jiaotong Univeristy, Xi,an China
3Department of Pediatrics the Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Xi,an Jiaotong Univeristy, Xi,an China
4Department of Pediatrics the Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Xi,an Jiaotong Univeristy, Xi,an China
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Section of pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, 3rd affiliated hospital, Xi,an Jiaotong University, Xi,an, China
*To whom it corresponds:
Fuyong Jiao.
Prof. and Head
Dept. of Pediatrics the Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital of Xi,an Jiaotong Univeristy, Xi,an China
President of China Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect
Executive councilor of International Society for Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect ( ISPCAN )
Phone: ( 86) 029 -85368194, 85521331ext2361(O)
Mail Add: No.256 youyi West Rd. Xi,an 710068 China
jiaofy@yeah.net
Abstract:
Tourette syndrome is an inherited neuropsychiatric disorder with onset in childhood, characterized by multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic. As the diagnostic threshold and assessment methodology have moved towards recognition of milder cases, the prevalence increase gradually. Males are more likely than females to express tics. The exact cause of TS is unknown, but environmental insults interact with genetic or other risk factors to engender the specificity suggested by neuropathological findings. The treatment of TS focuses on identifying and helping the individual manage the most troubling or impairing symptoms. Knowledge, education and understanding are uppermost in management plans. New studies on large prospective cohorts of patients of different age and the identification of reliable biomarkers or environmental insults are needed.
Keywords: Tourette syndrome; environmental insults; gene; supportive environment.
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Article citation:
Jiao Fuyong,Guo Xiangyang,Yan Xianpeng,Wei Li. Update situation of Tourette syndrome. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(04): 327-337. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Jiao Fuyong,Guo Xiangyang,Yan Xianpeng,Wei Li. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:
Idoko J1,*, Enemari JO1, Okolo SC1, Yaro DJ1, Akpulu, P2, Mairiga AA1, Aghenumu L1, Owolagba G1, Dasi KR3,Anyebe EE4 , Ameh EA5, Ogboi SJ3
Affiliation:-
1Department of Pathology Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria
2Department of Human Anatomy Ahmadu Bello University Zaria
3Research and Training Unit, Department of Nurse Education, ABU Teaching Hospital Zaria.
4Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, A.B.U. Teaching Hospital Zaria, Nigeria
5Public Health Lab. Department of Med. comm. ABU Zaria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Pathology Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria.
2.Department of Human Anatomy Ahmadu Bello University Zaria.
3.Research and Training Unit, Department of Nurse Education, ABU Teaching Hospital Zaria.
4.Paediatric Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, A.B.U. Teaching Hospital Zaria, Nigeria
5.Public Health Lab. Dept of Med. comm. ABU Zaria.
*To whom it corresponds:-
Idoko J.
Department of Pathology Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital Zaria.
Contact number:- +2348061397320+2348061397320
Abstract:
High incidence of death has been associated with cervical cancer in the developing countries in the recent times, and so it is imperative to advance its detection. Hairspray (NOVA) was compared with routine 95% ethanol to assess the efficiency in cyto diagnosis of cervical smear. Two hundred (200) cervical smeared samples in duplicate were collected from patients, carefully labeled and were fixed immediately, using routine 95% ethanol and with hairspray (Nova) respectively. The slides were stained by papanicolaou technique and were evaluated. There was no degeneration of cell morphology and no significant toxic effect of the Hairspray (NOVA) when compared with 95% alcohol. The cells appeared normal, without shrinkage and with a clear background and good nuclear outline. Hairspray (NOVA) is cost effective, efficient, handy and easy to use. It is shown that, hairspray (Nova) is effective for cervical smear.
Keywords: Hairspray; routine fixative; cervical smear.
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Article citation:
Idoko J, Enemari JO, Okolo SC, Yaro DJ, Akpulu P, Mairiga AA et al. Hairspray (NOVA) as a substitute for Routine fixatives in cervical smear. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(04): 327-331. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Idoko J, Enemari JO, Okolo SC, Yaro DJ, Akpulu P, Mairiga AA et al. . This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original Article
Bagbi Baribefe M1,* , Omotoso Abayomi E2, Chiagozie Ochuba3
Affiliation:-
1,3Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Experimental Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
2Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Experimental Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Bagbi Baribefe M.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Experimental Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Port-Harcourt, Nigeria
Abstract
This study evaluated the quality of seven commercially available (European or Asian sourced) Atorvastatin Calcium(ATV-Ca) tablets products marketed in Southern-Nigeria, with a view to determine their interchangeability in clinical practice. Survey of the assessed Atorvastatin brands was carried out in some southern-Nigeria cities based on their prices. Drug products’ quality assessment included visual examination for their organoleptic properties; tests for weight variation, friability, hardness, disintegration time, dissolution profile and assay for Atorvastatin content. A validated UV-Vis Spectro-photometric method was employed in the assay. Findings indicated that the European sourced samples were 2 to 3 times more expensive than the Asian sourced samples. All brands complied with the official specifications for friability and disintegration time, but sample F failed the test for weight variation (%). Sample C and F also failed the test for tablet hardness. Assay results revealed that with the exception of samples D, F and G, other samples contained >90% (w/w) of labeled potency. Four out of the seven samples attained 70% dissolution within 40min. Comparison of the dissolution profile of the different samples were carried out by model-independent approaches of difference factor(f1), similarity factor(f2) and dissolution efficiency (% DE). These results demonstrated that the European sourced Atorvastatin calcium tablets may after all not be interchangeable with those sourced from Asia.
Keywords: Atorvastatin calcium; Interchangeability; Similarity factor and European.
Article citation:
Bagbi Baribefe M, Omotoso Abayomi E, Chiagozie Ochuba. Comparative Assessment of Quality Brands of Atorvastatin Tablets Marketed in Southern Nigeria. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(03):318-326. Available at www.jpbms.info.
REFERENCES
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Bagbi Baribefe M, Omotoso Abayomi E, Chiagozie Ochuba. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article
Milad Moloudizargari1,*, Shahin Aghajanshakeri1, Soheil Javaherypour1,
Mona Escort1, Salar Velzi2, Sina Velzi2
Affiliation:-
1Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Urmia, Iran
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2.Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Urmia, Iran
*To whom it corresponds:-
Milad Moloudizargari.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Email: miladmoludi@gmail.com
Abstract
Yarrow (Achillea millefolium L. family Asteraceae) is a well-known medicinal plant in Iran and various parts of this plant including its flowers have been long used in traditional folk medicine of several cultures, from Europe to Asia. This plant contains a large amount of bioactive compounds that are contributed to a wide range of medicinal properties. Research has revealed different pharmacological and therapeutic effects of A. millefolium and its glycol-alkaloids (particularly achilleine). Studies carried out on the chemical composition of the plant show that the most important constituents of this plant are chamazulene, camphor, sesquiterpene lactones and caryophyllene. In addition to A. millefolium (Asteraceae) achilleine is present in many other plants and is used for the treatment of different diseases. This article reviews the traditional uses and pharmacological effects of total extract and the most active substances of A. millefolium.
Keywords: Achillea millefolium; Yarrow; Achilleine; Pharmacological effects.
Article citation:
Moloudizargari M, Aghajanshakeri S, Javaherypour Soheil, Escort M, Velzi Salar, Velzi Sina. A current update on the phytopharmacological aspects of Achillea millefolium. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(04):310-317. Available at www.jpbms.info.
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Moloudizargari M,Aghajanshakeri S,Javaherypour Soheil,Escort M,Velzi Salar,Velzi Sina. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution