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Research article
Lakshminarasimhaiah1,*, S. Alexander2
Affiliation:-
1Prasad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jangaon-506167, Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh, India.
2J.S.S College of Pharmacy, Rocklands, Post Box No:20, Ootacamund-643 001, Tamil Nadu, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Prasad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jangaon-506167, Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh, India
J.S.S College of Pharmacy, Rocklands, Post Box No: 20, Ootacamund-643 001, Tamil Nadu, India
*To whom it corresponds:-
Lakshminarasimhaiah;
Prasad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jangaon-506167, Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract:
In the present investigation a series of pyrazole derivatives were synthesized by condensation of 8-acetyl, 7-hydroxy, 4-methyl coumarin (I) with substituted benzaldehyde to form chalkone (II). The obtained chalkone was treated with phenyl hydrazine to form pyrazole derivatives(IIIa-h). The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, Mass spectra and Elemental analysis. New compounds were screened for their antimicrobial studies against S. aureus, B. subtilis, E. coli and P. aeruginosa. The results revealed that compound IIIe has ortho chlorophenyl substituent showed significant antibacterial activity against all tested microorganisms as compared to the standard drug Ceftriaxone. Keywords: Antimicrobial activity; chalkone; pyrazole; substituted benzaldehyde; spectral data.
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3.Mariappan G, Saha B. P, Sutharson L and Haldar A. Synthesis and bioactivity evaluation of pyrazolone derivatives. Indian Journal of Chemistry. 2010;49B: 1671-1674.
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5.Essam Mohamed Sharshira and Nagwa Mohamed Mahrous Hamada. Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of some pyrazole derivatives. Molecules. 2012; 17:4962-4971.
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7.Bhat B. A, Dhar K. L, Saxena A. K, Shanmugavel M. Synthesis and biological evaluation of Chalcones and their derived Pyrazoles as potential cytotoxic agents. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry. 2005;15(3): 3177-3180.
8.Kalirajan R, Palanivelu M, Rajamanickam V, Vinothapooshan G and Anandarajagopal K. Synthesis and biological evaluation of some Chalcone derivatives. International Journal of Chemical Science. 2007;5(1):73-80.
9.Ausra Voskiene, Vytautas Mickevicius, and Gema Mikulskiene. Synthesis and structural characterization of products condensation 4-carboxy-1-(4-styrylcarbonylphenyl)-2-pyrrolidinones with hydrazines. ARKIVOC. 2007; (xv),303-314.
10.Seranthimata Samshuddin , Badiadka Narayana, Balladka Kunhanna Sarojini, Rajagopalan Srinivasan, Vinayachandra and Chandrashekar K. R. Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of some pyrazoles derived from α, β-dibromo 4, 4'-difluoro chalcone. Der Pharma Chemica. 2012;4(2):587-592.
11.Kavitha N. V, Kalpana Divekar, Brahmani Priyadarshini, Gajanan S and Manjunath M. Synthesis and antimicrobial activities of some new pyrazole derivatives. Der Pharma Chemica. 2011;3(4):55-62.
12.Mohamed M. F, Mohamed M. S, Shouman S. A, Fathi M. M and Abdelhamid I. A. Synthesis and biological evaluation of a novel series of chalcones incorporated pyrazole moiety as anticancer and antimicrobial agents. Applied Biochemical Biotechnology. 2012;168(5):1153-1162.
13.Byeongno Lee, Philjun Kang, Kyu Hyung Lee, Jaeheung Cho, Wonwoo Nam, Won Koo Lee and Nam Hwi Hur. Solid-state and solvent-free synthesis of azines, pyrazoles, and pyridazinones using solid hydrazine. Tetrahedron Letters. 2013;54:1384–1388.
14.Corradi A, Leonelli C, Rizzuti A, Rosa R, Veronesi P, Grandi R, Baldassari S, Villa C. New “Green” Approaches to the Synthesis of Pyrazole Derivatives. Molecules. 2007;12(7):1482-1495.
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Article citation:
Lakshminarasimhaiah, S. Alexander. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of new heterocyclic compounds. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(05):422-426. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Research article
Pushpa Thakur1,* & M.S.Thakur2
Affiliation:-
1Research Officer, IIHS, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla-171005, India
2Scientist, Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla-171005, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Biosciences, Himachal Pradesh University Shimla-171005, India
Author’s contribution: Both the author contributed equally to this paper.
*To whom it corresponds:-
M. S. Thakur,
Scientist, Department of Biosciences,
Himachal Pradesh University Shimla- 171005, India.
Phone: +91 177 2830946(O), 2812514®.
Email: mahender74@yahoo.co.in
Abstract:
In the current investigation the impact of vitamin-E treatment in the liver of white leghorn Chick subjected to 5.6 Gy whole body gamma radiations were studied. The study was conducted on 7 days old male chick for a maximum period of 35 days. Changes in mortality rate, body weight and liver weight along with radiation induced changes in histological profile of the chick liver, have been considered for the study. Vitamin–E treatment has been reported to be beneficial in amelioration of radiation induced changes in body weight, liver weight and hepatic architecture. Survival was significantly increased in chicks given vitamin–E treatment as compared to chicks given radiation alone (without vitamin–E Treatment).
Keywords: Vitamin–E; gamma radiation; chick; liver.
REFERENCES
1.Cadenas, S. Cadenas, A. M. Fighting the strenger-antioxidant protection against endotoxin toxicity, Toxicol, 2002;180: 45 -63.
2.Deshmukh, D. and Suryawanshi, S. A. Effect of gamma irradiation on total body weight, food intakes and mortality in Birds, Coturnix coromondelica pava. Indian J.Orinthol, 1986;24:78-88.
3.Goodhead, DT.. Spatial and temporal distribution of energy. Health Physics, 1988;55: 231-240.
4.Kater, M., Coskun, O. and Kizilay, G. Protective effects of vitamin C alone or in combination with vitamin A on endotoxin –induced oxidative renal tissue damage in rats, Tohoku J. Exp Med. 2005; 155-156.
5.Malhotra, N., Rana, K. and Rani, N. Role of vitamin-E in repair of irradiation–induced damage in spleen injury in mice. National Academy Science Letters. 1990; 13(5):183-185.
6.Schested, K. 1970. The Fricke dosimeter. In Manaualon Dosimetery. Marcel Dekkar, New York
7.Stearner, S.P. and Christion, E. J. B. Late effects of ionizing radiation in the chicken: Survival, Body weight and Pathology. Red. Res. 1972; 52:179-196.
8.Sushma, B, Kanwaljit, C. and Praveen, R. Vitamin-E supplementation modulaes endotoxin induced Liver damage in a rat modle. Am.J. Biomed.Sci;2(1): 51-62.
Article citation:
Thakur P, Thakur MS. Impact of vitamin-E treatment in radiation (Y-irradiation) induced changes in chick liver. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(05):467-472.Available at www.jpbms.info.
Original article
Ramji Khetri1,Dharmendra Dugar2,*,Sagar Khadanga2,Tim Houghton T3,Swarupjit Ghata3
Affiliation:-
1Associate professor,2Assistant professor,3P.G Student, Department of General surgery, Hi-Tech Medical college and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of General surgery, Hi-Tech Medical college and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Abstract
Background:Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has proven beyond doubt to be the gold standard in the management of symptomatic cholelithiasis. The duration of convalescence after uncomplicated laparoscopic cholecystectomy depends on several factors of which shoulder tip pain is most important. The aim of this study is to see whether Low pressure (10mmHg) Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be considered as the standard technique for uncomplicated symptomatic gall stone disease.
Material & method: We conducted a prospective hospital based study of 50 patients who underwent elective surgery .Patients were selected considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. 25 patients (Group A) underwent Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with low pressure pneumoperitoneum (10mmHg) and another 25 patients (Group B) underwent the same surgery with standard pressure pneumoperitoneum (14mmHg).
Result:In our study the frequency of shoulder tip pain was significantly lower in the group that underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy with low pressure pneumoperitoneum compared to standard pressure pneumoperitoneum. Only 2 patients (8%) in Group A and 8 patients (32%) in Group B suffered shoulder tip pain which is statistically significant with P<0.05. The intensity of pain, total analgesic consumption and total gas consumption was also low in Group A.
Conclusion: Low pressure pneumoperitoneum results in significant reduction in both the intensity and frequency of post-operative shoulder tip pain, had shorter hospital stay, early recovery and hence better outcome. On the basis of these results, the widespread use of low pressure pneumoperitoneum can be used as a standard pressure for uncomplicated gall stone disease.
Keywords: Low Pressure Pneumoperitoneum [LP]; Standard Pressure Pneumoperitoneum [SP]; Visual Analogue Scale[VAS].
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. DHARMENDRA DUGAR.
Department of surgery, Assistant Professor, Hi Tech Medical College & hospital, Bhubaneswer, Odisha, India
Email id: dddugar@gmail.com
Contact no: - +91-9437091846+91-9437091846
REFERENCES
1.Tsimoyiannis EC, Glantzounis G, Lekkas ET, Siakas P, Jabarian M, Tzorou H. Intraperitoneal normal saline and bupivaccine infusion for reduction of post operative pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. SurgLaparoscEndosc 1998;8:416- 20.
2.Cunnife MG, McAnena OJ, Dar MA, FlynCJ. Prospective randomized trial of intraoperative bupivaccine irrigation for management of shoulder tip pain following laparoscopic. Am J Surg 1998; 176:258-61.
3.Wallace DH, Seepell MG, Baxter JN et al, Randomized trial of different insufflations pressure for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Br J Surg 1997;84:455-8.
4.Sarli L, Sansebastiano CG et al. Prospective randomized trial of low pressure pneumoperitoneum for reduction of shoulder tip pain following laparoscopy. Br J Surg 2000;87: 1 161-5.
5.Barczynski M, Herman RM. A prospective randomized trial on comparison of low pressure and standard pressure pneumoperitoneum for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc. 2003 Apr;17(4):533-8.
6.Barczynski M, Herman RM. Low pressure pneumoperitoneum combined with intraperitoneal saline washout for reduction of pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surg Endosc. 2004 Sep;18(9):1368-73.
7.Sandhu T, Yamada 5, Ariyakachon V at al. Low pressure pneumoperitoneum versus standard pneumoperitoneum in laparoscopic cholecystectomy, a prospective randomized clinical trial. SurgEndosc 2009;23:044-7.
8.Kandil TS.Shoulder pain following laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Factors affecting incidence and severity. J. Laparo- EndoscAdvSurg Tech. 2010; A20:667-682.
9.Vismit Pradyumna Joshipura; Sanjiv P Haribhakti; Nitin R Patel; Rahul P Naik; Harshad N Soni; Bhavin Patel et al. Low pressure versus high pressure pneumoperioteum during Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgical laparoscopy, endoscopy & percutaneous techniques. 2009; 19(3):234-40.
Article citation:
Khetri R, Dugar D, Khadanga S,Tim H T,Ghata S. Comparative study of Low pressure versus standard pressure pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(05): 463-466. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest /Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Khetri R, Dugar D, Khadanga S,Tim H T,Ghata S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:
Archith Boloor MD1, Amina Asfiya M Iqbal2, Jagadish Rao Padubidri MD, DNB3,*
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
[Affiliated to Manipal University].
2Under-Graduate Trainee, Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
[Affiliated to Manipal University].
3Associate Professor, Department of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
[Affiliated to Manipal University].
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India [Affiliated to Manipal University].
Abstract
In underdeveloped nations it is a known fact that may subjects have been most prone to the considerable and often destructible presence of malnutrition and tuberculosis. The nutritional status of patients suffering from tuberculosis assumes significant importance both in its prevention and progress. The present preliminary study was carried out to in the city of Mangalore and Moodshedde, Dakshina Kannada, Karnataka, India to unexplore the relationship between tuberculosis and malnutrition. We included 100 subjects suffering from pulmonary tuberculosis out of which 80 were males and 20 females with an average age of 42.3 years. The objective of our study was to analyze the coexistence of malnutrition and pulmonary tuberculosis. This investigation targeted at exploring the role of malnutrition as a critical predisposing factor in the development of pulmonary tuberculosis and also its consequences. The data collected included Body Mass Index (BMI), weight, height, mid upper arm circumference, haemoglobin and albumin levels. The dietary habits, including tobacco intake and alcohol consumption were enquired about with the help of recall method. Detailed physical examination was carried out to determine protein energy malnutrition and any deficiency of vitamins and/or minerals. We found that majority of the subjects (79%) were underweight having a BMI< 18 kg/m2, The subjects were not consuming enough calories in their diet and had daily intake of calories less than 1800 C. The vitamins and minerals that the subjects were lacking mainly included vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin B- complex and folic acid.
Hence in our preliminary study we established a significant association between malnutrition and pulmonary tuberculosis. However the study needs to be carried out with more number of patients in order to obtain conclusive evidence.
Keywords: Malnutrition, Tuberculosis, BMI, protein malnutrition, Vitamin deficiency..
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Jagadish Rao Padubidri,
Associate Professor, Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Kasturba Medical College, Light House Hill Road, Mangalore-1, Karnataka, India.[ Affiliated to Manipal University]
Email: ppjrao@gmail.com. Contact No: +91-9900405085.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to acknowledge the timely support of Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) in conduction of this study under STS-ICMR Project 2009.
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4.Gopalan,C, Importance of Nutritional Factors in Tuberculosis, Ind. J. Tub.,4(3):105-112.
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8.Taneja DP. Observations on serum zinc in patients of pulmonary tuberculosis. J Indian Med Assoc 1990;88:280-1.
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10.Handa M.A Nutritional and Immunological Investigation of patients with Tuberculosis. Kekkaku 1994;69:463-9.
11.Yoneda T. Nutritional status and support in chronic intractable pulmonary tuberculosis. Kekkaku 1996;71:57-63.
12.Srikantia SG, Bhaskaran C.Nutrition and tuberculosis.In: Rao KN, editor. Textbook of tuberculosis. New Delhi: Vikas Publishing House:1981.p.80-5.
13.Chan J,Tian Y,TanakaKE,Tsang MS, Yu K, Salgame P, et al. Effects of protein energy malnutrition on tuberculosis in mice. Proc Natl Acad SciUSA. 10; 93:14857-61.
14.Strachan DP, Powell KJ,Thaker A, Millard FG, Maxwell JD. Vegetarian diet as a risk factor for tuberculosis in immigrant south London Asians.Thorax.1995;50:175-80.
15.Sinha RK, Khan AFA, Singh BP. Importance of serum zinc and copper in pulmonary tuberculosis in children. J Indian Med Assoc. 1985; 85:342-4.
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Article citation:
Boloor A., Amina A. M.I., Padubidri JR. Malnutrition: the underestimated link in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis- A preliminary study. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(05):473-481. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Competing interest /Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Boloor A., Amina A. M.I., Padubidri JR. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
Rugmini Kamalammal1,*, P.J.Parameaswari2,Afeed Ibrahim3,Soorya Rao R4.
Affiliation:-
1Associate Professor,Department of pediatrics,Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital,Bharath University,Chrompet, Chennai,India
2Assistant Professor,Department of Community Medicine, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital,Bharath University,Chrompet,Chennai,India
3Fellow in neonatology,Craft Hospital and Research Center, Kodungalur, Kerala, India
4D-97, Sunnyvale Apartments, 351,Konnur High road, Ayanavaram , Chennai,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of pediatrics, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chrompet, Chennai, India
Department of Community Medicine, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Bharath University, Chrompet, Chennai, India
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Rugmini Kamalammal DNB (Pediatrics)
D-97, Sunnyvale Apartments, 351, Konnur High road, Ayanavaram , Chennai -23,India
Abstract
It is found that various anthropometric surrogates of birth weight in newborn can be used in the community and they correlate each other positively. The aim of this study was to find out the most effective anthropometric parameter in the newborn to assess birth weight. A cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital in Chennai. Moderate Positive correlation was observed between birth weight & Mid Arm Circumference(r=+0.56(P=0.000)) & next with Length(r=+0.558(P=0.000)). There was a statistically significant association between chest circumference and Birth weight with an odds ratio of 10.9 (5.29 to 22.7) in identifying the LBW babies. Cut-off values of the aforesaid measurements had good sensitivity and specificity for identifying LBW babies.
Conclusion: Length and Mid Arm Circumference are the best surrogates to predict birth weight.
Keywords: Anthropometric surrogates; birth weight.
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12.S K Kapoor, G Kumar, and K Anand. Use of mid-arm and chest circumferences to predict birth weight in rural north India. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1996 December; 50(6): 683–686.
13.Zakir Hussain, F Huque. Detection of low birth-weight new born babies by anthropometric measurements in Bangladesh.The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 1991;58(2):223-231.
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15.Mullany LC, Darmstadt GL, Caffey P, Waley SK, Leclarq SC, Tielsch JM, A Low Cost, Colour Coded, hand held spring scale accurately categorizes Birth Weight in low resource settings, Arch Dis Child 2006; 91:410-13.
Article citation:
Kamalammal R,Parameaswari PJ,Ibrahim A,R Soorya Rao. A Study on anthropometric surrogates to predict low birth weight babies. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(05):443-447.Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Kamalammal R,Parameaswar PJ,Ibrahim A,R Soorya Rao. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.