DocumentsDate added
Zhijian Zhang1, Qingqing Bao1,2, Guoshuai Feng1, Sha Li3,*, Jie Jiang4*
Affiliation:-
1College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
2The Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
3Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
4Dongguan Institute of Jinan University, Dongguan 523808, China
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
2.The Children’s Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
3.Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
4.Dongguan Institute of Jinan University, Dongguan 523808, China
Authors contributions:
Zhijian Zhang, Qingqing Bao and Guoshuai Feng contributed equally to this work.
Address reprint requests to
Zhijian Zhang.
College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(06):536-544.
Article citation:
Zhang Z, Bao Q, Feng G, Li S, Jiang J. The post-treatment action of Chinonin on MPTP-induced mice model of parkinson’s disease. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(06):536-544. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
To evaluate the protective effects of chinonin on Parkinson’s Disease (PD), we investigated its inhibition in MPP+-induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells and its post-treatment action on 1-methyl-4-phenyl- 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, the possible mechanisms of action were elucidated. Male C57BL/6 mice were treated with MPTP (30 mg/kg, i.p.) once daily for 7 days and subsequently followed by chinonin (10, 20, 40 mg/kg, i.p.) injection twice a day from the 8th day for 14 days. On the 7th and 21st day, the mice were subjected to Open Field test and Cat Walk test. The impact of chinonin on tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity of the substantia nigra was assessed. Meanwhile, the levels of dopamine (DA) and its metabolites, glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) in striatum were determined. The Results indicated that chinonin had neuroprotective effect on MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells cytotoxicity. In MPTP-induced PD-like C57BL/6 mice model, chinonin significantly prevented dopaminergic neuronal degeneration, dopamine depletion and oxidative stress at 20 mg/kg although the obvious improvement was not observed in MPTP-induced behavioral deficits. To conclude, the potent post-treatment action of chinonin on PD-like mice model was mainly derived from its neuroprotective and anti-oxidative activity.
KEYWORDS: Chinonin; 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP); Post-treatment action; Neuroprotective effect; Anti-oxidative activity.
Source of support:
This research was supported by the Guangdong province science and technology project (2010B011000006) to Sha Li.
Science and Technology Support Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology (2013BAH08F04, China).
Guangzhou Science and Technology Project(7411851111945, China).
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research.
All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Research article:
Yasmin Grewal.,MPH, MDSc., BDS1,*,Rahul Datta.,MDS., BDS2,Karanpal Singh.,BDS3,
Gursimran Singh.,BDS4,Sandeep Singh.,BDS5,Parneet Kaur.,BDS6
Affiliation:-
1Reader & Head, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Rayat Bahra Dental College & Hospital, Punjab, India
2Professor& Head, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Rayat Bahra Dental College & Hospital, Punjab, India
3Demonstrator,Rayat Bahra Dental College & Hospital, Punjab, India
4Post Graduate student, Department of Periodontics, College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
5Consultant Dentist, Hoshiarpur, Punjab, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Punjab, India
6Consultant Dentist, Amritsar, Punjab, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Punjab, India.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Rayat Bahra Dental College & Hospital, Punjab, India
2.College of Dental Sciences, Davangere, Karnataka, India
3.Punjab, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Punjab, India
Address reprint requests to
Yasmin Grewal.
House no. 1082
Sector 2, Panchkula – 134112,
Haryana, India or at yasmingrewal@gmail.com
J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(06):532-535.
Article citation:
Grewal Y, Datta R, Singh K, Singh G, Singh S, Kaur P. Prevalence of periodontal disease in the rural population of Punjab, India. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(05):532-535. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Periodontal diseases are prevalent among adults worldwide and studies conducted in the last decade in India have indicated high national periodontal disease prevalence especially in rural areas. However, data on periodontal health status of the rural population in Punjab is scarce.
Material and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to assess periodontal status of 18 to 74 year old subjects in Ferozepur District. Information was collected using the WHO oral health assessment form and the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) guidelines.
Results: A Total of 340 subjects were screened. Dental calculus was found to be the most prevalent finding with 38.5% (n=131) of the population affected. Progressive periodontal disease indicated by shallow and/or deep periodontal pockets was observed in 23.8% (n=81) of the total sample.
Conclusion: An increase in awareness of dental diseases on a community level along with better availability of health care facilities would be beneficial in reducing the prevalence of periodontal diseases.
KEYWORDS: CPI; Oral hygiene; Periodontal status; Rural; India; Punjab.
Ethical approval:
Permission to conduct the study was obtained from-
Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Ferozepur, Punjab, India
Affiliated to Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot, Punjab, India
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Copyright © 2014 Grewal Y, Datta R, Singh K, Singh G, Singh S, Kaur P. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Review article:
Seema Grover, M.D.S, 1,*,Vikas Malik, M.D.S2, Ashutosh Kaushik, M.D.S.,3,Rohan Diwakar, M.D.S.,4,Puneet Yadav, M.D.S.,4
Affiliation:-
1Professor,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics,SGT Dental College and Research Institute, Gurgaon,India
2Reader,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics,SGT Dental College and Research Institute, Gurgaon,India
3Post Graduate,Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics,SGT Dental College and Research Institute, Gurgaon,India
4Senior Lecturer, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, SGT Dental College and Research Institute, Gurgaon,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
From the department of Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics,SGT Dental College and Research Institute, Gurgaon,India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Seema Grover, M.D.S.,
A-229, Supermart 1, DLF Phase 4
Gurgaon-122002, Haryana,India
Contact number:+91- 9810636828
J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(06):525-531.
Article citation:
Grover S, Malik V, Kaushik A, Diwakar R, Yadav P. A Future perspective of Botox in Dentofacial Region. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(05):525-531. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
There is always a need for a conservative noninvasive treatment modality that is quick, easy, relatively inexpensive, long acting, and effective, by the healthcare providers. There are some clinical situations which demands surgical and invasive procedures for achieving the esthetic and therapeutic goals. Botulinum toxin, a natural protein, is one of the most potent biological substances known which decreases the contractility of the muscles. Botox works by inhibiting the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. It can be a boon in treating several conditions for the associated with excessive muscle contraction or pain. A sound knowledge of the chemistry, mechanism of action, dose, method of administration, indications, contraindications and precautions is requisite for achieving the optimal outcome. A growing number of dentists are now providing botulinum toxin, treatment for their patients for both oral and maxillofacial cosmetic and therapeutic use and it is the most commonly performed minimally invasive cometic procedure. The objective of this review was to discuss the emerging role of botulinum toxin in the treatment of various pathological conditions of dentofacial region.
KEYWORDS: Botox; gummy smile; esthetics.
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1.Aoki KR, Guyer B. Botulinum toxin type A and other botulinum toxin serotypes: A comparative review of biochemical and pharmacological actions. Eur J Neurol 2001;8(Suppl 5):21-29.
2.Flynn TC, Clark RE. Botulinum toxin type B (Myobloc) versus botulinum toxin type A (Botox) frontalis study: Rate of onset andradius of diffusion. Dermatol Surg 2003;29(5):519-22.
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4.Allergan Inc. Botox cosmetic: About safety. Available at http://www.allergan.com/responsibility/product_safety_and_animal_testing.htm. assessed on 5-8-2013
5.Sellin LC. The pharmacological mechanism of botulism. Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1985;6:80–2.
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7.Odergren T, Hjaltason H, Kaakkola S, Solders G, Hanko J, Fehling C, et al. A double blind, randomised, parallel group study to investigate the dose equivalence of Dysport® and Botox® in the treatment of cervical dystonia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1998;64:6–12.
8.Hurkadle JK, Jatania A, Shanthraj R, Lakshmi B, Subbiah P, Linga S. Botox: Buy Me Beauty!. J Orofac Res 2012;2(3):160-164.
9.Ranoux D, Gury C, Fondarai J, Mas JL, Zuber M. Therapy with Botulinum Toxin. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2002;72: 459–62.
10.Bhogal PS, Hutton A, Monaghan A. Review of the current uses of Botox for dentally-related procedures. Dental Update April 2006; 33(3):165-168.
11.Benedetto AV. Asymmetrical smiles Corrected by botulinum toxin Serotype A. American Society for Dermatologic Surgery 2007;33 (sl):S32-S36.
12.Polo M. Botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of excessive gingival display. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2005; 127:214-18.
13.Katz H. Botulinum toxins in dentistry--the new paradigm for masticatory muscle hypertonicity. Singapore Dent J. 2005 Dec;27(1):7-12.
14.Huang WS et al. Surface anatomy of the lip elevator muscles for the treatment of gummy smile using botulinum toxin. Angle Orthod. 2009 Jan; 79(1):70-7.
15.Song PC et al. The emerging role of botulinum toxin in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders. Oral Diseases (2007) 13, 253–260.
16.Ludlow CL, Hallett M. Rhew K, et al. Therapeutic use of botulinum toxin. N Engl J Med. 1992; 26:349-350.
17.Benninger MS. Outcomes of Botulinum Toxin Treatment for Patients With Spasmodic Dysphonia. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2001; 127(9):1083-1085.
Copyright © 2014 Grover S, Malik V, Kaushik A, Diwakar R, Yadav P. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info.
Research article:
Whyte Iyowuna Odigiyo., B. Sc., M. Sc1 , Kotingo Ebikabowei Lucky., MBBS, DMAS, FMAS,2,*,Kotingo Isuomo Victoria., B. MED Sc., MBBS.3
Affiliation:-
1Department of Science Foundation, School of Foundation Studies, Bayelsa State College of Health Technology, Otuogidi, Ogbia town, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
3Department of Anatomy, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Science Foundation, School of Foundation Studies, Bayelsa State College of Health Technology, Otuogidi, Ogbia town, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
2.Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
3.Department of Anatomy, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
Address reprint requests to
Ebikabowei Lucky Kotingo.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. med Sci 2014; 04(06):515-520.
Article citation:
Whyte IO, Kotingo EL,Kotingo IV. Effects of Vitamin C supplementation on blood oxygen saturation among exercising and non-exercising individuals in South West Nigeria. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(05):515-520. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Aim: The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Vitamin C (300mg of Ascorbic acid) on blood oxygen saturation in exercising and non-exercising individuals.
Methodology: A total of 20 subjects all males were used for the study, 10 of whom were regularly exercising and the other 10 non-exercising (sedentary) individuals.
The Study lasted for a period of 6 weeks (42 days) during which each subject was given 3 tablets of Vitamin C daily. Each tablet contained 100mg of Ascorbic acid and 2mg of Aspartame. The Subjects were all between the ages of 19-29. 20 to 26 (21.70 ± 1.26 years) for the exercising group, and 19 to 29 (23.90 ± 1.26 years) for the non-exercising group.
Results: The result obtained showed that there was no significant difference in the blood oxygen saturation after Vitamin C supplementation. However a significant change was observed when the changes in blood oxygen saturations for exercising and non-exercising where compared. (Non-exercising SPO2=1.86 ± 1.15, Exercising SPO2= 0.39 ± 0.14, p < 0.05).
Conclusion: In this study series, Vitamin C supplementation showed no effect on a blood oxygen saturation level in both exercising and non-exercising individuals. However, a significant association was observed when the change in the exercising subjects was compared with the non-exercising subjects. Vitamin C has been widely investigated as it relates to several biological factors yet with scanty literature on its relationship with oxygen saturation.
KEYWORDS: Vitamin C supplementation, Ascorbic acid, Blood oxygen saturation, Exercising subjects, Non-exercising subjects.
REFERENCES
1.Groff, J.E., Gropper, S.S., and Hunt, S.M. The Water Soluble Vitamins in Advanced Nutrition and Metabolism. Minneapolis: West Publishing Company. 1995; p222 – 237.
2.Howald, H., Segesser, B., and Korner, W.F. Ascorbic acid and athletic performance. Annuals of the New York Academy of Sciences.2006; 258, 458 – 464. Retrieved from http://onlinelibrary. Wiley.com. Doi: 10.1111/j.1749 – 6632. 1975 tb29304.x. Retrieved from http: // Americancollegeofnutrition.org/content/full/22/1/18.
3.Padayatty, S.J., Katz, A., Wang, Y., Eck, P., Kwon, O., Lee, J.H., Chen, S, Corpe, C., Dutta, A., Dutta, S.K., Levine, M. Vitamin C as an antioxidant evaluation of it’s role in disease prevention. American college of Nutrition. 2003; 22 (1): 18-35 PMID 12569111.
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Copyright © 2014 Whyte IO, Kotingo EL, Kotingo IV. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info.
Research article:
Whyte Odigiyo Iyowuna., B. Sc., M. Sc1 , Kotingo Ebikabowei Lucky., MBBS, DMAS, FMAS,2,*,Kotingo Isuomo Victoria., B. Med Sc., MBBS.3
Affiliation:-
1Department of Science Foundation, School of Foundation Studies, Bayelsa State College of Health Technology, Otuogidi, Ogbia town, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
2Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
3Department of Anatomy, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Science Foundation, School of Foundation Studies, Bayelsa State College of Health Technology, Otuogidi, Ogbia town, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
2.Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
3.Department of Anatomy, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Amassoma, Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Address reprint requests to
Ebikabowei Lucky Kotingo.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Federal Medical Centre, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(06):509-514.
Article citation:
Whyte IO, Kotingo EL,Kotingo IV. Effects of Vitamin C supplementation on urinary Sodium and Potassium among exercising and non-exercising individuals in South West Nigeria. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(05):509-508. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Aim: The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Vitamin C (300mg of Ascorbic acid) on the urinary excretion of sodium and potassium ion in exercising and non-exercising individuals.
Methodology: A total of 20 subjects all males were used for the study, 10 of whom were regularly exercising and the other 10 non-exercising (sedentary) individuals.
The Study lasted for a period of 6 weeks (42 days). The Subjects were all between the ages of 19-29. 20 to 26 (21.70 ± 1.26 years) for the exercising group, and 19 to 29 (23.90 ± 1.26 years) for the non-exercising group.
Results: The result obtained indicated that there was a significant reduction in urine potassium concentration by 6.31 ± 2.39 mmol/ L ( p ˂ 0.05) in non-exercising subjects. Exercising subjects like their non-exercising counterparts also showed a significant decrease in their urine potassium concentration by 6.62 ± 3.96 mmol/L ( p ˂ 0.05). In this case the significant decrease was accompanied by a significant increase in urine sodium concentration by 39.19 ± 11.65 mmol/ L (p ˂ 0.05).
Conclusion: The study indicates that Vitamin C supplementation facilitates the excretion of sodium while decreasing potassium expulsion via the kidney. This could possibly mean that Vitamin C can be classified as a potassium sparing diuretic. This action of Vitamin C could be used to explain its ability to decrease heart rate as well as blood pressure.
KEYWORDS: Vitamin C supplementation, Ascorbic acid, Urinary Sodium, Urinary Potassium, Exercising.
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