DocumentsDate added
Research Article
Tatapudi Padma SK1,*.,K.R.L.Surya kirani., M.D2
Affiliation:-
1,Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Gayatri Vidya Parishad Institute of Health Care and Medical Technology,Visakhapatnam-530048, Andhra Pradesh, India
2Professor, Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1. Department of Microbiology, Gayatri Vidya Parishad Institute of Health Care and Medical Technology,Visakhapatnam-530048, Andhra Pradesh, India
2.Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India
Address reprint requests to
* Tatapudi Padma Satya Kumari.,MD.
Door No: 14-3/3(8), First Floor-3, S.V.S. Residency, T.I.C.point, Arilova, Visakhapatnam-530040
Article citation:
Tatapudi Padma S K ,Kirani KRLS. Sero diagnosis and clinical profile of dengue fever. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(07):645-649. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Dengue is endemic in all countries except Europe. All ages and both sexes are susceptible to dengue fever (DF) occurring between June and November. Prompt, early diagnosis & treatment are essential to prevent the complications like Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever/Dengue Shock Syndrome (DHF/DSS) & minimize mortality rate.
Aim: Screening for Dengue IgM & IgG antibodies in clinically diagnosed/suspected dengue cases and to compare with clinical features. Screening for Dengue IgM antibodies in fever cases which are not clinically suspected as dengue evaluated for M.P and Widal test to detect cross reactivity/missed cases.
Material & Methods: One Hundred Sera from individuals clinically diagnosed/suspected as Dengue (study group1) and Sera for Widal and smears for Malarial parasite were collected from 100 fever cases not suspected as Dengue (study group 2). Sera analyzed for serological diagnosis of dengue by IgM and IgG ELISA. Results: Out of 100 clinically diagnosed as dengue cases screened, for IgM & IgG Dengue, 5 were positive for IgM, 34 for IgG and 30 for both IgM & IgG. Bleeding tendencies were comparatively high in IgG positive group; presence of rash and headache was high in the combined positivity group. Gastrointestinal manifestations like nausea & vomiting were present in the entire groups tested positive for dengue. Among the study group 2, IgM seropositivity was 20%. In this group fever was the only common symptom.
Conclusion: The study confirms the need for detection of Dengue IgM antibodies in all acute febrile illness cases, as the epidemic is still continuing year after year.
KEYWORDS: Break bone fever; Convulsions by a demon; Dengue; Dengue fever; Dengue haemorrhagic fever.
Paper was presented in: Indian Association of Medical Microbiologists Andhra Pradesh State Chapter XIII Annual Conference, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences & Sri Venkateswara Medical college, TIRUPATI, on 06-02-2010.
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Copyright © 2014 Tatapudi Padma S K ,Kirani KRLS. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original rresearch article:
OluwafemiAdeleke Ojo1,*, BasiruOlaitan Ajiboye2, Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye3,Christopher Oloruntoba Akintayo4
Affiliation:-
1,2,3Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
4Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1. Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
2.Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Afe Babalola University Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria
Address reprint requests to
* Mr. O.A. Ojo,
Department of Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Unit,
Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria
Article citation:
Ojo OA, Ajiboye B, Oyinloye BE, Akintayo CO. Prophylactic effects of Ethanolic extract of Alstonia boonei Stem bark against DDVP-induced Toxicity in albino rats. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(07):650-657. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
The prophylactic effect of ethanolic extract of Alstonia boonei(AB) stem bark on(2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl phosphate)DDVP-induced oxidative damage in male albino rats’ liver was investigated. Male Wistar rats were divided into control, DDVP and treatment groups. In the prophylactic experiment, AB, (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) was administered by oral gavage for 21 days before exposure to DDVP. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were then determined in the liver and heart alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were monitored and histological examination was carried out. Results indicate that DDVP-induced rats had significantly increased relative weight of liver and heart when compared to controls. Treatment with AB at 200 and 400 mg/kg caused a significant reduction in the relative weight of the organs. In DDVP-induced rats, serum ALT and AST activities and levels of LPO were increased whereas hepatic and cardiac SOD, CAT and GPx were significantly decreased. Furthermore, histological alteration in the liver and aorta were observed in DDVP untreated rats and were ameliorated in DDVP-induced treated rats with AB. In conclusion, the extract possesses antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties that eliminate the deleterious effects of toxic metabolites of DDVP.
Key Words:
KEYWORDS: Antioxidant, DDVP; hepatoprotective; prophylactic; Alstonia boonei.
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Copyright © 2014 Ojo OA, Ajiboye B, Oyinloye BE, Akintayo CO. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research Article:
Dafam D.G.*, Kagaru D.C, Yakubu P.T, Umar M, Ohemu TL and Udoji P.N.
Affiliation:-
Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Jos, Jos Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
University of Jos, Jos Nigeria
Address reprint requests to
Dafam D.G.
University of Jos, Jos Nigeria, or at dalendafam@gmail.com
J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(07):619-622.
Article citation:
Dafam DG, Kagaru DC, Yakubu PT, Umar M, Ohemu TL, Udoji PN. Pharmacognostic studies of the leaves and root of the plant, Tephrosia Vogelii Hook F (Fabaceae). J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(07):619-622. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
The leaves and root bark of Tephrosia vogelii Hook (Fabaceae) is also known as fish poison. The macroscopical examination of the whole leaf revealed the following; the colour is green, venation is pinnate, margin entire, apex is Lanceolate, surface is hairy and texture papery. The microscopy of the leaf powder showed numerous unicellular covering trichomes with large lumen and long slits with tapering edges and broad base, abundant single fibres with two tapering edges and somewhat twist lumen. Fragment of the lamina in transverse view revealed the leaf as a dorsal ventral leaf, composed of double palisade. The upper epidermis is bigger and thicker than the lower epidermis with a parenchyma wall, spongy mesophyll, and spiral vessels. The histology of root powder revealed the presence of Cork cells, Calcium oxalate, Fibre, Parenchymatous wall, and simple Starch grains. The phytochemical test showed the presence of carbohydrates, steroids, alkaloids, Saponins, tannins, flavonoids and cardiac glycosides. Chemoicroscopical test revealed the presence of lignin, tannin, starch grains, calcium oxalate, proteins and oil glands in the leaves. The ethanol extractive value of the leaf is 2.8% while its water extractive value is 1.76%, meaning the leaf is more soluble in ethanol than water.
KEYWORDS: Tephrosia vogelii; Phytochemistry; Chemomicroscopy; Pharmacognostic study.
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Copyright © 2014 Dafam DG., Kagaru DC, Yakubu PT, Umar M, Ohemu TL,Udoji PN.. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Research article
Philip F. Builders1,*, Chukwuemaka C. Mbah 1, Ihuoma W. Iwu2,Modupe I. Builders3, Momoh M. Audu4
Affiliation:-
1Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Raw Material Development, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development Abuja Nigeria
2Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development Abuja Nigeria
3Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Health Sciences, Bingham University, Karu, Nigeria
4Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Raw Materials Development, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development Abuja Nigeria
2.Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development Abuja Nigeria
3.Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics College of Health Sciences, Bingham University, Karu, Nigeria
4.Drug Delivery Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka 410001, Nigeria
Address reprint requests to
Philip F. Builders.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Raw Materials Development, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development Abuja Nigeria
J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(07):611-617.
Article citation:
Builders PF, Iwu IW, Mbah CC, Iwu IW, Builders MI, Audu MM. Moringa Oleifera Ethosomes a Potential Hair Growth Activator: Effect on Rats. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(07):611-618. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
The hair growth promoting activity of Moringa oleifera leaf extract formulated as an ethosome (MOE) had been investigated. The skin irritation test evaluated in terms of erythema and edema. Five groups of five rats each evaluated for the hair growth activity: Groups 1 and 2 treated with minoxidil and placebo ethosome while groups 3, 4 and 5 treated with ethosome containing 1, 2 and 5 % w/v MO leaf extract respectively for 30 days. The effects of MO ethosome on hair length, growth pattern and growth phase characteristics were evaluated. No erythema or oedema appeared on the skin of the rats when MO ethosome was liberally applied. The hair growth activity of MO ethosome showed concentration dependent activity. The hair growth initiation time, hair length and hair growth completion time of MO ethosomes showed concentration dependent activity. The activities of the 5% MO ethosome were comparable to minoxidil solution and remarkably higher than that of the placebo ethosome. The group treated with 5% MO ethosome showed more follicles in the anagen phase than either the minoxidil or the placebo groups after 30 days of treatment. The MO ethosome thus, showed a safe, hair growth promotion activity.
KEYWORDS: Moringa oleifera; monoxidil; ethosomes; Moringa oleifera leaf extract; hair growth.
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Copyright © 2014 Builders PF,Iwu IW,Mbah CC,Iwu IW,Builders MI,Audu MM. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Review article:
Mukund Joshi1,*.,Msc, Kuldip Singh Sodhi2.,MD, Rajesh Pandey3.,MD, Jasbir Singh4.,MD, Subhash Goyal5., MS, Abhishek Dahal6., Msc
Affiliation:-
1,6Student(Msc Medical Biochenistry), Department of Biochemistry, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
2,3,4Professor , Department of Biochemistry, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, Ambala, Haryana, India
5Professor, Department of Surgery, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Biochemistry, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
Address reprint requests to
Mukund Joshi.
Student, Department of Biochemistry, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, India
Article citation:
Joshi M,Sodhi KS,Pandey R,Singh J,Goyal S,Dahal A. Micro RNA: Biomarker for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(07):600-610. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, 22-25 nucleotides long, non-coding RNAs, which are conserved during evolution, and help to control gene expression in metazoan animals, plants, viruses, and bacteria primarily at post-transcriptional and transcriptional levels. miRNAs ultimately regulate target gene expression by degrading the corresponding mRNA and help in inhibiting their translations. miRNAs have shown a positive landmark in various cellular processes, such as apoptosis, differentiation and development. Current studies have shown that miRNAs are mis-expressed in human cancers where they can exert their effect as oncogenes (e.g. mir-17-92) or tumor suppressors (e.g. let-7). Several miRNAs are directly involved in human cancers, including lung, breast, brain, liver, colon cancer, and leukemia. However, more than 50% of miRNA genes are located in cancer-associated genomic regions or in fragile sites, suggesting that miRNAs may play a more important role in the pathogenesis of a limited range of human cancers than previously thought. miRNA expression profiles may become useful biomarkers for cancer diagnostics. In addition, miRNA therapy could be a powerful tool for cancer prevention and therapeutics. Here, we review the potential for using miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and cancer therapies.
KEYWORDS: Micro RNA; biomarker; cancer; apoptosis.
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info