DocumentsDate added
Research Article:
Ashima Badyal1,*.,MD,Rajesh Pandey2.,MD,Kuldeep Singh Sodhi3.,MD,Jasbir Singh4.,MD
Affiliation:-
1Badyal Ashima*, MD Biochemistry, Registrar, Department of Biochemistry, GMC, Jammu, J&K,India
2Pandey Rajesh, MD Biochemistry, Professor, Department of Biochemistry, MMIMSR, Mullana,Ambala, Haryana,India
3Sodhi Kuldeep S, MD Biochemistry, Professor, Department of Biochemistry, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
4Singh Jasbir, MD Biochemistry, Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Biochemistry, GMC, Jammu, J&K,India
2.Department of Biochemistry, MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana,India
Address reprint requests to
Ashima Badyal.
214-A Shastri Nagar, Jammu, J&K State, India- 180004 or at badyal.ashima@gmail.com
Article citation:
Badyal A, Pandey R,Sodi KS,Singh J. Evaluation of Serum Magnesium in Patients with Complicated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(07):596-599. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Context: Hypomagnesemia has been implicated in adversely affecting diabetic complications.
Several studies have demonstrated a higher than expected frequency of magnesium deficiency in patients with diabetes mellitus. Lack of accurate screening methodology is one of the main problems in assessing total body magnesium status.
Aims: To compare serum magnesium levels in type 2 diabetic patients with complications with those of non-diabetic controls and to assess the relationship between these two.
Setting and Design: Prospective cross sectional study in rural setting of Haryana.
Material and Methods: Fifty healthy controls and 100 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with complications were recruited from Medicine OPD of MMIMSR, Mullana, Ambala (Haryana), and their serum glucose and serum magnesium levels were measured and compared.
Statistical analysis: By SPSS version 12 [SPSS v12 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL)].
Results: Serum magnesium levels are decreased in type 2 diabetes mellitus with complications.
Conclusion: The early determination of magnesium status should be implemented in clinical practice for the better management of complicated diabetes mellitus.
KEYWORDS: Complications; magnesium; type 2 diabetes mellitus.
REFERENCES
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17.Badyal A, Pandey R, Sodhi KS, Singh J. Decreased Serum Magnesium in patients with uncomplicated Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 4(3):361-64.
Copyright © 2014 Badyal A, Pandey R,Sodi KS,Singh J. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Research article:
Anowi Chinedu Fredrick1,*, Obi Patrick Ebele2, Obi Chioma B,3 Utoh – Nedosa UA4
Affiliation:-
1Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine Faculty of Pharm Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
2Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria
3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria
4Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharm Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine Faculty of Pharm Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
2.Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria
3.Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria
4.Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharm Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Address reprint requests to
Anowi Chinedu Fredrick
Department of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine Faculty of Pharm Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria or at cromwell_pharm@yahoo.com
J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(07):588-595.
Article citation:
Fredrick AC,Ebele OP,Chioma Obi,Utoh – Nedosa UA. Analgesic, phytochemical and toxicological investigations of ethanol extract of the leaves of Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth (family Bignoniaceae)-Sausage Tree. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(07):588-595. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
The plant of Kigelia africana had been in use from time immemorial by the people of Ogidi in Idemili Local Government area of Anambra State, Nigeria to treat pyrexia, analgesia and infectious diseases. For example the decoction of the plant is used to treat wounds, running stomach (diarrhea), aches and pains as well as fever. This investigation was carried out to ascertain the truth of this claim.
The leaves of Kigelia africana was collected and dried at ambient temperature and pulverized. Exactly 200g of the powdered drug was extracted with 400ml of ethanol using the cold maceration technique for 24hours with occasional shaking. This was filtered and the procedure repeated with the marc. The combined filtrates were concentrated under reduced pressure with rotary evaporator. The preliminary phytochemical tests were carried out using standard methods. The analgesic was conducted using hot plate method. The acute toxicity test of the extract was determined using the Lorke’s method.
The leaves of Kigelia africana exhibited analgesic property. Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, proteins, steroids and carbohydrates were found. Toxicity test showed that the extract was safe at the dose of 1000mg/kg.
Preliminary studies support the claim that the leaves of Kigelia Africana possesses, analgesic properties.
KEYWORDS: Kigelia Africana; hot plate method; Lork’s method.
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Copyright © 2014 Fredrick AC,Ebele OP,Chioma Obi,Utoh – Nedosa UA. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Original article
Chethana. K.V*, Abhay Mane1, S.G.Hiremath2, Revathi3, Sreejith.S.Nair4
Affiliation:-
*Post Graduate student; 1Professor; 2Professor & HOD; 3Assistant Professor; 4Post Gradutate, Department of Community Medicine; Navodaya Medical College; Raichur; Karnataka, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Community Medicine; Navodaya Medical College; Raichur; Karnataka, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Chethana.K.V.
Post Graduate,
Department of Community Medicine,
Navodaya Medical College, Raichur- 584103
Karnataka; India or at chetuvb09@gmail.com
J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(06):581-587.
Article citation:
Chethana KV,Mane A,Hiremath SG,Revathi,Nair SS. Determinants and practices of hand hygiene among school going children in rural and urban area of raichur. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(07):581-587. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
According to the World Health Organization unsafe water, inadequate sanitation, and insufficient hygiene account for an estimated 9.1% of the global burden of disease and 6.3% of all deaths. Good hand washing practice is a prerequisite to a child’s survival. The high incidence of diarrheal diseases and other communicable diseases among school children may be due to poor knowledge and practice of personal and environmental hygiene. Poor knowledge and practice of, and attitudes to personal hygiene, such as hand washing, has negative consequences for a child’s long term overall development.
Objectives: To study the determinants and practices of hand hygiene among school going children in rural and urban area of Raichur.
Methodology: Cross-sectional study was undertaken in the Urban and Rural field practice area of Navodaya Medical College, Raichur,from 8th to 28th July 2013. Informed consent was taken from the Principal of the school and parents for examination of students. All the students who were present were examined. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 17.0 statistical software.
Results: Total 676 students participated in the study, 293 were (43.3%) urban and 383 (56.7%) from rural areas.In rural areas, the followed method of defecation was open place by 88.5% students as compared to only 22% in urban areas. Majority, 79.5% students in rural areas reported no access to soap as compared to 23.5% students in urban areas. The access to water for handwash inside the home was significantly less (83.6%) among students from rural area as compared to urban area (94.2%).
KEYWORDS: Hand Hygiene; rural; urban; school children.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
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Copyright © 2014 Chethana KV, Mane A, Hiremath SG, Revathi, Nair SS. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:
Huisu Wu, Wei Li, Yewei Sun, Lipeng Xu, Pei Yu, Yuqiang Wang, Zaijun Zhang*
Affiliation:-
Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China
Address reprint requests to
Zaijun Zhang
Institute of New Drug Research and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China
Tel.: +8620-8522-5030; Fax: +8620-8522-5030.
J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(07):573-580.
Article citation:
Huisu Wu , Wei Li, Yewei Sun, Lipeng Xu, Pei Yu, Yuqiang Wang et al. Determination of AL-1 in rat plasma and tissues by high-performance liquid chromatography and its application in AL-1 pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(07):573-580. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
A simple and rapid method based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the quantitative determination of AL-1 in rat plasma and tissues has been developed and validated. Rhein was selected as the internal standard. Chromatographic separation was carried out on a Kromasil C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 m) using a mixture of methanol-PBS solution (77:23, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 ml/min with detection at 234 nm wavelength. The linearity ranged from 0.025 to 160 µg/ml and the lower limit of quantification was estimated as 0.025 µg/ml. The intra-day and inter-day precisions were in the range of 1.72~7.81% and 0.8~9.23%, respectively. The extraction recovery was 65.23±5.61% and 82.63±1.31% in plasma and tissues. The validated method may be used to assess pharmacokinetics and tissues distribution of the drug.
KEYWORDS: AL-1; HPLC; plasma; pharmacokinetics; tissues distribution.
Source of support: This work is partially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1032007 to YW, NSFC 81001683 to LX, and NSFC 81303251 to ZZ), China’s ‘12.5’ Innovative Drug Project (2012ZX09103101-055 to YW) as well as the Municipal Science and Technology Project of Guangdong (2012A080201009 to YW) and the International Science and Technology Collaborative Project of Guangdong Department of Education (gjhz1102 to YW). This work is also supported in part by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2013M531911 to ZZ), as well as the Scientific Research Starting Foundation for Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars (23610008 to LX), Ministry of Education, China; and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20104401120003 to LX).
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Research article:
Sanjay Chaudhary1,Neeraj Gour1,*, A. B. Mudey2,R.C. Chaudhary3,Dhiraj Srivastava4,
Munesh Kumar Sharma5,Rajesh Kumar Sambutwad6
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine,GGS Medical College, Faridkot,Punjab , India
2Professor, Department of Community Medicine,Datta Maghe Insitute of Medical Scinces,Wardha, India
3Professor,Department of Community Medicine,MGMCH, Jaipur, India
4Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine,RIMS & R, Safai,India
5Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine,GMCH, Chandigarh,India
6Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine,Datta Maghe Institute of Medical Sciences,Wardha, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Community Medicine,GGS Medical College, Faridkot,Punjab , India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Neeraj Gour.
Flat No G-1, Sai Villa Apartment,
Rajni Gandha Colony, Gole Ka Mandir,
Gwalior (M.P.) India
J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(07):566-572.
Article citation:
Chaudhary S,Gour N,Mudey AB,Chaudhary RC,Srivastava D,Sharma MK,Sambutwad RK. A community based cross sectional study to assess smoking pattern in a rural area of Indian settings. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014;04(07):566-572. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
According to the World health report 2002, chronic non-communicable diseases and injuries are the leading causes of death in all over the world, both in developed and developing countries affecting all sections of communities. These are linked by common risk factors related to lifestyle like tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, obesity, high blood pressure, cholesterol and glucose levels. This study was planned with the objective to assess the pattern of smoking in a rural community setting of Wardha district of Maharastra.
Material and method: Community based cross- sectional study with participants’ age between 15 to 64 years taking a sample size of 3500. Multistage sampling technique was adopted to collect the needed sample size.
Results:A total of 3500 individuals were studied by a home visit. Of these, 1920 (54.86%) were male and 1580 (45.14%) were female. Of 1920 men 420 (21.87%) were current smokers of whom 40 were non-daily smokers. A majority(78.12%) were nonsmokers currently. Only 20(1.26%) of the 1580 women were current smokers and all did it daily. 98.74% of women were nonsmokers.
Conclusion: There is need of planning of larger scale multicentre studies in a bid to provide more precise and applicable outcomes for planner and policy makers in regard to smoking.
KEYWORDS: Smoking pattern; rural setting; India
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
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