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Research article
Smita Mahapatra1,*, M.D.,Dibyajyoti Sahoo.2,PG,Satyabrata Patjoshi.2,PG, Ansuman Sahu.2,PG,Pankaj Parida.3, M.D,Subhasis Mishra.4, M.D.
Affiliation:-
1Associate Professor,2Post graduates, 3Professor, 4Assistant Professor, S.C.B. Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
S.C.B. Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odisha, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Smita Mahapatra,
C/O- Mr. N.K. Mishra,
N1/ 256, I.R.C. Village, Nayapalli,
Bhubaneswar, Orissa State- India
Postal Pin code- 751015.
Telephone numbers- 91-9437094138
Article citation:
Mahapatra S, Sahoo D,Patjoshi S,Sahu A,Parida P,Mishra S. Distribution and Prevalence of ABO and Rh phenotype blood groups in Eastern India. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(08):712-714. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Amongst 30 blood groups discovered till date, ABO blood group found in 1901 and Rh blood group in 1902 are the most prevalent and important blood groups used in transfusion, organ transplant, genetics studies and in legal matter. The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence of blood groups in the Eastern India comparing the result with data’s from inside and outside India.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 1,22,803 blood donors for a period of six and half years conducted in the Blood Bank of S.C.B. Medical College and Hospital, Cuttack, Odhisha, India.
Results: Blood group ‘O’ (37.4%) was the commonest blood group followed by group B(34.16%), A(21.3%)and AB( 7.05%). Rh negativity was observed in 2.36% and Rh positivity in 97.63%.
Conclusion: Although blood group ‘O’ is most common, Blood group ‘B’ also found to be high number in our region. Rh negativity’s incidence is very low in Eastern India.
KEYWORDS: Blood group; Eastern India; Rhesus.
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Copyright © 2014 Mahapatra S, Sahoo D,Patjoshi S,Sahu A,Parida P,Mishra S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patients and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Research article:
Shruti Jain*
Affiliation:-
Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh. 173234. India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh. 173234. India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Shruti Jain.
Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, Solan, Himachal Pradesh. 173234. India
Article citation:
Ja in S., Implementation of Fuzzy System us ing O perational Transconductance Amplifier for ERK pathway of EGF/ Insulin leading to Cell Survival/ Death. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(08):705-711. Available at www.jpbms.info
J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(08):705-711.
ABSTRACT
In this paper a well defined method for the design of ERK pathway for epidermal growth factor/ insulin using fuzzy system using operational transconductance amplifier was discussed. Fuzzy system includes fuzzification of the input variables, application of the fuzzy operator (AND or OR) in the antecedent, implication from the antecedent to the consequent, aggregation of the consequents across the rules, and defuzzfication. The fuzzy system (including all blocks) for estimating the cell survival/death using ERK pathway, exhibits a gain of 77.25 dB, input resistance with 44.13KΩ, output resistance with 5.163KΩ, CMRR with 73.84dB, slew rate with 0.6V/µsec and power dissipation with 0.197mW.
KEYWORDS: Epidermal growth factor (EGF)/ Insulin; Extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK); operational transconductance amplifier; Fuzzy system; Electrical parameters.
REFERENCES
1.Jain S., Communication of signals and responses leading to cell survival / cell death using Engineered Regulatory Networks. PhD Thesis, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India, 2012.
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5.Jain S., Design and Simulation of Fuzzy Implication Function of Fuzzy System Using Two Stage CMOS Operational Amplifier, International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Computational and Applied Sciences (IJETCAS), Feb 2014;7(2):150-155.
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Copyright © 2014 Jain S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Case Report
Monika Srivastava1,*, M.B.B.S, MS., Sonia Baweja2,MS., Abhijeet Yadav3, M.B.B.S, MS., Sharma DK4, MBBS.
Affiliation:-
1Ex-Post Graduate Student,2Associate Professor, 4Associate Professor & Head, 5Post Graduate Student, Department of Anatomy, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal (MP), India
3Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar (MP), India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1. Department of Anatomy, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal (MP), India
2. Department of Anatomy, Bundelkhand Medical College, Sagar (MP), India
Author’s contributions
All authors contributed equally to this paper.
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Monika Srivastava.
C/o Mr. R.K Srivastava.
H.No 1532, Near Ebnezer School, Bhagat Singh Nagar, Bhind Road, Gola Ka Mandir, Gwalior (MP)-474005.
Article citation:
Monika S.,Baweja S.,Yadav A.,Vandana S.,Sharma DK., Aberrant Renal Artery and its Significance: A Case Report. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(08):701-704. Available at www.jpbms.info
J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(08):701-704.
ABSTRACT
Background: Human kidneys are usually supplied by single renal artery on each side. An accessory renal artery is the one that is accessory to the main artery accompanying the same towards the hilum and entering the kidney through the hilum to supply it. The artery supplies the kidney without entering its hilum is known as aberrant renal artery.
Material and Method: The present case was an accidental finding studied during the routine dissection of a 55 year old female cadaver. In the present case we found a rare course of aberrant renal artery arising from abdominal aorta on the left side. Such variation was not found on the opposite side of the cadaver.
Result: In present case the aberrant renal artery arises from the abdominal aorta 6.2 cm below the main renal artery on the left side. The left aberrant renal artery passes laterally and enters the lower pole of the kidney behind the left ureter and left gonadal vein. On morphological examination of the left kidney, it was found to be more elongated and thinner compared to its counterpart on the right side. In the present case the diameter of main renal artery on left side is 4.6 mm and on right side it is 4.8 mm while the diameter of left aberrant renal artery is 3.8 mm. The length of right main renal artery is 5.3 cm, the left main renal artery is 4.9 cm and left aberrant renal artery is 4.5 cm.
Conclusion: Knowledge regarding variation of renal vascular anatomy has importance in exploratory surgeries like management of renal trauma or injury, renal transplantation, renal artery embolism and abdominal aortic aneurism etc in conservative or radical renal surgeries. The knowledge of variations in renal vasculature is important and drawing attention of abdominal and urosurgeons and radiologist; and by applying that a better performance in surgical and investigating procedures can be achieved in therapeutic and diagnostic fields of medical science.
KEYWORDS: Aberrant Renal Artery, Left Kidney, Left Renal Artery.
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Copyright © 2014 Monika S.,Baweja S.,Yadav A.,Vandana S.,Sharma DK. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Short Communication
Anand Kumar GS., MD, FIPP
Affiliation:-
Associate professor, Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Sree Balaji Medical College, Chennai,India
Consultant Pain Specialist, Be Well Hospital, Chennai Advanced Interventional Spine and Pain Centre, Chennai,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Sree Balaji Medical College, Chennai, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Anand Kumar GS, MD, FIPP
Associate professor, Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Sree Balaji Medical College, Chennai, India
Article citation:
Anand Kumar GS. Common Pain Syndromes encountered in pain clinic. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(08):698-700. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
This article is to discuss about the common pain syndromes encountered in pain clinic. Since now a days new pain physicians getting trained in pain management mostly from the speciality of anaesthesiology and also from other specialties like orthopaedics, neurology, physical and rehabilitation medicine, rheumatology, radiodiagnosis awareness have been created among patients the need for pain clinic. It is imperative to know the most common pain syndromes which we commonly see in pain clinics. The common pain conditions which are associated with neck pain, back pain, shoulder pain, knee pain and generalized body pain are facet arthropathy, sacroiliac arthropathy, discogenic pain, disc prolapse, joint pain, muscle pain (Myofascial pain syndrome and fibromyalgia),peripheral neuropathy (mainly diabetic peripheral neuropathy).
KEYWORDS: Pain clinic; pain syndromes.
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Copyright © 2014 Anand Kumar GS. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Case Study:
Anand Kumar GS., MD, FIPP
Affiliation:-
Associate professor, Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Sree Balaji Medical College, Chennai,India
Consultant Pain Specialist, Be Well Hospital, Chennai Advanced Interventional Spine and Pain Centre, Chennai,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Sree Balaji Medical College, Chennai, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Anand Kumar GS, MD, FIPP
Associate professor, Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Sree Balaji Medical College, Chennai, India
Article citation:
Anand Kumar GS. Trigeminal Ganglion Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation (TN RFTC) For Trigeminal Neuralgia- A Case Series Study. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(08):694-697. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia is one of the commonest condition of cephalagia characterized by sharp shooting lancinating pain along the distribution of one of the division of trigeminal ganglion, the most commonly affected segment is maxillary (V2) and mandibular(V3), followed by ophthalmic(V3).The treatment options available are non-surgical conservative, Interventional management and surgical. Our objective of the study is to follow the cases which we have treated with an Interventional technique radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC) in our institute. A total number of 11 cases followed for a period of four years after successful RFTC for trigeminal neuralgia. We found it is a good technique for long term pain relief with mild numbness to be the side effects and regarding safety wise it is very safe and no complications have been noticed if performed with cautions.
KEYWORDS: Trigeminal ganglion; trigeminal neuralgia; radiofrequency thermocoagulation.
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Copyright © 2014 Anand Kumar GS. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info