DocumentsDate added
Original article
Rajyalakshmi Gunti1* †.MD,Durga Rani Arava2.MD,K .VenkataRamana3,†.MBBS,DNB,DMRD
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor, Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, GGH Campus, Kakinada, Andhrapradesh, India-533001.
†Consultant, Swathi Imaging and Diagnostics, Kakinada, Andhrapradesh, India-533001.
2Assistant professor, Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, GGH Campus, Kakinada, Andhrapradesh, India-533001.
3Assosciate professor, Department of Radiology, KIMS, Amalapuram, Kakinada, Andhrapradesh, India-533001.
†Technical director and Consultant, Swathi Imaging and Diagnostics, Kakinada, Andhrapradesh, India-533001.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, GGH Campus, Kakinada, Andhrapradesh, India-533001.
Swathi Imaging and Diagnostics, Kakinada, Andhrapradesh, India-533001.
Address reprint requests to
Dr. G. RAJYALAKSHMI,MD
Assistant professor, Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, GGH Campus, Kakinada, Andhrapradesh, India-533001
Article citation:
Gunti R, Arava DR, Ramana KV. Prevalence of extended spectrum β-Lactamases among Escherichia coli And Klebsiella Pneumoniae in and around Kakinada, Andhrapradesh, India. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(09):773-775. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Extended spectrum β–lactamases (ESBLs) continue to be a major problem worldwide conferring resistance to the expanded spectrum cephalosporins. As no data is available in this area an attempt was made to know the prevalence of ESBL producers among Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in and around Kakinada. A total of 469 Escherichia coli and 80 Klebsiella pneumoniae were studied over a two year period from March 2012 to February 2014. ESBL production was identified in 73.1% of E.coli and 58.8% of K.pneumoniae. As a large number of isolates were found to be ESBL producers in the present study, continued monitoring of drug resistance is recommended for proper disease management.
KEYWORDS: Extended spectrum β–lactamases; Escherichia coli; Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
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Copyright © 2014 Gunti R, Arava DR, Ramana KV. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Anju Ade1,*, Shivanand V H2, Ramesh Patil3
Affiliation:-
1Associate professor, Department of Community Medicine, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur, Karnataka-584103, India
2Lecturer in NET Pharmacy College, Raichur, Karnataka-584103, India
3Assistant Professor (Statistics), Ashwini Medical College, Solapur, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Community Medicine, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur, Karnataka-584103, India
2.NET Pharmacy College, Raichur, Karnataka-584103, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr Anju Ade,
Associate professor,
Community Medicine Department, Navodaya Medical College, Raichur, Karnataka-584103, India
Article citation:
Ade A,Shivanand V H,Patil R. Nutritional status of rural school children in Raichur District, Karnataka,India. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(09):781-785. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
For this study,we calculated the Body Mass Index (BMI) of school children to assess their nutritional status. A total of 299 school children were present during the visit. Out of these students, 105(45.9%) were males and 124(54.1%) were females with high rates of thinness of 101(96.19%) and 116(93.54%) in boys and girls respectively. Socio-demographic factors like education of father, monthly family income and housing were significantly associated with nutritional status of children.
KEYWORDS: Anthropometry; Nutritional status; Rural children; Body mass index.
Source of support: None
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Ade A, Shivanand V H, Patil R. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Mervat A. Ahmed1, Mona A. Mohamed2,*, Maha G. Soliman1,Yasmine H. Abd El-Naby3
Affiliation:-
1Zoology Department, 2Biochemistry division, 3Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University for Girls, Egypt
3Military Clinics, Cairo, Egypt
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University for Girls, Egypt
Address reprint requests to
Mona A. Mohamed.
Biochemistry division, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University for Girls, Egypt
Article citation:
Ahmed MA, Mohamed MA, Soliman MG, Abd Al-Naby YH. Monitoring The Expression Of Some Cell Adhesion Molecules And Serum Levels Of IL-6 And TNF-α In Irradiated Rats Treated With Wheat Germ Oil, Zinc And Bone Marrow. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(09):755-762. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Both radiotherapy and chemotherapy exert damaging effects on normal tissues in cancer patients and, consequently, induce an immune response in these tissues. Ionizing radiation in interaction with living cells causes a variety of changes depending on type of exposure, absorbed dose, duration of exposure, interval after exposure and also susceptibility of tissues. Aim: The present work was designed to evaluate the amelioration of serum IL-6 and TNF-α, in addition to expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 genes in hepatic tissue of rats exposed to gamma radiation and treated with wheat germ oil and/or zinc sulfate individually or in combination with bone marrow transplanted cells.
Results: Exposure of rats to 5 Gy γ-rays (single dose) caused elevation in serum levels of MDA and IL-6, in addition to hepatic mRNA levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 (62.2, 1.84-, 3.2- and 5.2- fold, respectively). On the other hand, levels of reduced glutathione and TNF-α were significantly lowered. Although administration of WG and Zn (either individually or in combination) improved the studied serum parameters, their levels were significantly different from control values. While hepatic mRNA levels of the adhesion molecules returned to near the control levels. Conclusion: Wheat germ oil and zinc in combination with bone marrow cells can be used as radioprotectors to improve the inflammatory status and disturbances in immune response induced by radiation.
Keywords:
KEYWORDS: Adhesion molecules; Inflammation; IL-6; Radiation; TNF-α.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: None
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Copyright © 2014 Ahmed MA, Mohamed MA, Soliman MG, Abd Al-Naby YH. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: None
Original article
Samavedam Srinivasa Sarma1,Pennagaram Sarguna2,*
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor, 2Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada-533005, A.P,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada-533005, A.P, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr.Pennagaram Sarguna,
Associate Professor, Department of microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, A.P.India
Core tip: The present study was undertaken to know the microbiological profile in corneal ulcers. Majority of the infections are caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The results of antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates provide information to make rationale- based decision in choosing initial treatment regimen.
Article citation:
Sarma SS, Sarguna P Microbial Keratitis - A Prospective Study. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(09):818-824.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
To study the epidemiological characteristics, microbiological profile, and in vitro antibiotic susceptibility results to make rationale - based decisions in choosing initial treatment regimen of bacterial keratitis. The hospital - based prospective study of 100 consecutive patients with corneal ulcers attending the outpatient department of Government General Hospital, Kakinada, Coastal A.P. from August 2011 through June 2013 were enrolled. Standard microbiologic evaluation of corneal scraping; smear examination and culture was done to establish the etiology. Attempt was made to study the microbial profile in 30 healthy conjunctival sac. Of 100 suspected cases of microbial keratitis, 59(59%) were culture proven; pure bacterial 41(41%), pure fungal 16(16%) and mixed infection in 2(2%). Majority of the bacterial infections were caused by Staphylococcus aureus (41.86%) and Aspergillus spp. (55.54%) was the leading cause of fungal keratitis. Most of the bacterial isolates were sensitive to aminoglycosides (72.09% - 95.34%) followed by cefotaxime (69.76%). The study shows that there is a region wise variation in the predominance of corneal pathogens. Routine surveillance of microbial keratitis is necessary to know the existing & emerging pathogens. This has an important public health implication for initiation of treatment, based on formulation of antimicrobial policy and management protocol to prevent visual morbidity.
KEYWORDS: Keratitis; bacteria; fungus; anti- bacterial susceptibility.
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Copyright © 2014 Srinivasa S, Sarguna P. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Original article:
Sadredin Rasi Hashemi 1, Hamid Noshad1,*, Hesam Rasul Amini²
Affiliation:-
1Chronic kidney Disease Research center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
2Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Chronic kidney Disease Research center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
2.Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Address reprint requests to
Hamid Noshad.
Chronic kidney disease Research center, Tabriz university of medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Tel:+984113298247, Fax: +984113373966, Mobile: +989143115927.
Article citation:
Hashemi SR,Noshad H.Amini HR. Effect of hemodialysis with High-Flux filters on control of hyperphosphatemia in patients with end stage renal disease. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(09):737-742. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Hyperphosphatemia (HP) is one of the most important electrolyte disturbances in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Its treatment is essential for controlling of Hyperparathyroidism, vessel calcifications and cardiovascular mortality. Current studies, evaluates the effect of high-flux hemodialysis on resistant hyperphosphatemia (HP) in ESRD patients.
Methods: Forty hemodialyzed patients with resistant HP were enrolled in a clinical trial study conducted at Tabriz University of medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran during February to October 2012. The eligible participants were randomly allocated to High and Low-flyx groups based on random block procedure produced by Random Allocation Software (RAS). All patients hemodialyzed for two months with the same filters (high efficienct). High-Flux (R60) filter in case group (n=20) and low-flux (R6) was used in the control group (n=20). Laboratory data and HD efficiency (KT/V) were compared before and at the end of the study. Quantitative values are compared by in depended student t-test and before-after values compared by paired t-test. Qualitative values compared by chi-square test and p-value less than 0.05 considered significant.
Results: There were significant differences in cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin and phosphate levels between both High-flux and Low-flux group and serum phosphate level diminished significantly in High-flux group (p=0.01,p=0.01,p=0.03,p=0.004 respectively).There was not any significant difference in HD efficacy between both groups (P=0.16).
Conclusion: High-Flux filter can reduce serum phosphate levels and improve lipid profile in ESRD patients with resistant hyperphosphatemia.
KEYWORDS: Hemodialysis; Hyperphosphatemia; High-Flux filter.
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Copyright © 2014 Hashemi SR.,Noshad H.,Amini HR. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: None