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Original article
Ambedkar Raj Kulandai Velu, MD1.,Banushree C Srinivasamurthy1,*,†, MD, DNB.,Sundaram A2
Affiliation:-
1Department of Pathology, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College, Puducherry, India
†Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Dumduma, Bhubaneswar-751019, India
2Department of Pathology, Government Stanley Medical College, Chennai, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1. Department of Pathology, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College, Puducherry, India
2. Department of Pathology, Government Stanley Medical College, Chennai, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Banushree CS.
Department of Pathology, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College, Puducherry, India
Article citation:
Velu A RK, Srinivasamurthy BC, Sundaram A. Uterine fibroid tumours and associated changes in endometrium and myometrium: a three year prospective study in a tertiary care hospital. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(09):797-805. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: This study is designed to investigate how common and specific are the endometrial changes in case of leimyoma and their diagnostic value.
Aims: To know the site wise distribution of leiomyoma, histomorphological pattern of endometrium in leiomyoma in relation to last menstrual period ( LMP) and age associated changes in myometrium.
Methods: A prospective descriptive study was done in the department of pathology, Stanley medical college, Chennai between 2003-2006. A total of 1680 hysterectomy specimens were received of which 375 specimen with intact endometrium and leiomyoma was taken up for the study. A brief clinical history pertaining to parity and LMP was recorded. Received specimens were fixed in 10% buffered formalin. Fixed tissue was processed, stained with haematoxylin- eosin and examined under microscope.
Results: Out of 1680 specimens, 465 had leiomyoma. 90 specimens were excluded. Of 375 specimens, 30-49 age groups formed the largest. Intramural fibroid was common (47.2%) and subserosal fibroid was least common (4.87%). Multiple fibroids were seen in 99 specimens (26.4%). 45.6 % showed proliferative endometrium, irregular proliferative phase in 5.6%, 24.8% simple hyperplasia without atypia, 0.8% complex hyperplasia without atypia, 0.8% senile cystic hyperplasia, 2.4% showed early secretory phase, 13.6 % late secretory phase and 6.4 % showed atrophic endometrium. Associated adenomyosis was seen in 108 cases (28.8 %).
Conclusion: Uterine leiomyomas were associated with adenomyosis in 28.8 % substantiating the hypothesis of hormonal dependency of leiomyomas and conservative approach to leiomyoma could lead to treatment failure in such cases. Persistent proliferative phase and simple hyperplasia was seen in 67 % of cases beyond 15 days of LMP which explains the hyperestrogenic state responsible for menstrual disturbance and reproductive failure. There was no association between leiomyoma and endometrial carcinoma.
KEYWORDS: Leiomyoma; adenomyosis; endometrial hyperplasia; menstrual cycle; hysterectomy.
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Copyright © 2014 Velu A RK, Srinivasamurthy BC, Sundaram A. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:
Ofem E. Ofem1, Victor U. Nna1,*, Victor O. Oka1, Archibong N. Archibong1, Stella C. Bassey2
Affiliation:-
1Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
2Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
Address reprint requests to
Victor U. Nna
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B. 1115, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria
Article citation:
Ofem OE, Nna VU, Oka VO, Archibong AN, Bassey SC. Vitamin C and E Supplementation Reverses Alterations in Haematological Indices Induced by High Salt Loading in Rats. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(09):763-768. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: High salt intake has been linked with deleterious effects on the body, especially on arterial blood pressure and red blood cell hemolysis. Since vitamins C & E are acclaimed anti-oxidant vitamins, their ameliorating effects on the menace of high salt loading is suggestive. This study therefore seeks to investigate the impact of vitamin C & E supplementation on haematological indices in high salt loaded rats.
Methodology: Twenty four male albino Wistar rats weighing 180 - 200 g were divided into 4 groups (n = 6) as follows; control (fed with normal rat chow + drinking water), control + vitamin C and E group (10mg/100g bw vitamin C and 83.8mg/100g bw vitamin E, in addition to control diet), salt – fed (SF) group (8% NaCl diet + 1% NaCl drinking water), salt – fed treated (SF + Vitamin C & E) group (8% NaCl diet + 1% drinking water in addition to 10mg/100g bw vitamin C and 83.8mg/100g bw vitamin E). After 42 days of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples collected through cardiac puncture for measurement of haematological indices.
Results: Red blood cell (RBC) count, white blood cell (WBC) count, packed cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), red cell distribution wide-standard deviation (RDW-SD) and red cell distribution wide-coefficient of variation (RDW-CV) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in SF group compared with control. RDW-SD and RDW-CV were significantly (P<0.05) lower in SF + Vitamin C & E group compared with SF group. Haemoglobin concentration was significantly (P<0.05) lower in the SF + Vitamin C & E group compared with SF group. Neutrophils count was significantly (P<0.05) increased in SF + Vitamin C & E group compared with control, Vitamin C & E and SF group.
Conclusion: Vitamin C & E supplementation reversed the changes in RBC and RBC indices occasioned by high salt loading, but potentiated the effects of high salt loading on WBC and platelet indices in rats.
KEYWORDS: Platelets; red blood cells; salt; vitamin C; vitamin E; white blood cells.
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript