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Original article
Rupal Samal 1 MD DNB(OBG), Sendhil Coumary.A2,* MD, DNB, MNAMS (OBG), Lopamudra B John3 MD, DNB (OBG), Seetesh Ghose4 MD, FICOG
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor,2Professor, 3Associate Professor, 4Professor and Head of Department, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College And Research Institute, Puducherry, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Sendhil Coumary. A,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College And Research Institute, Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry, India-607402
Article citation:
Samal R, Coumary SA, John LJ, Ghose S. Comparative study of oral, rectal misoprostol with intravenous methylergometrine in active management of third stage of labour. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(09):828-833. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Objectives: To compare the efficacy and side effects of oral misoprostol, rectal misoprostol and intravenous methyl ergometrine in active management of third stage of labour.
Study Design: Prospective Randomised Control Study.
Study Setting: The study was conducted in Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, between November 2010 and May2012.
Method: 300 participants were randomised into three groups. Active management of third stage of labour was followed in all the participants. The uterotonic of choice divided them into groups. Group I received 0.2 mg methyl ergometrine, Group II received oral misoprostol 400 μg, and Group III received rectal misoprostol 800 μg within one minute of the delivery of the baby. Duration of third stage of labour was noted. Blood loss was measured by preweighed sponge method. Hemoglobin and hematocrit were measured 24 hours after delivery.
Outcome Measures: The parameters studied were the duration of third stage, amount of blood loss in the third stage and side effects of the drugs.
Results: The duration of third stage of labour and blood loss was significantly reduced in group III (rectal misoprostol) with p value<0.001. The difference in haemoglobin and hematocrit measured 24 hours postpartum was also significantly lesser in group III. The incidences of side effects were significantly more in group II.
Conclusion: Rectal misoprostol is an effective uterotonic and an acceptable alternative uterotonic in the Active management of the third stage of labour.
KEYWORDS: Active management of third stage labour; oral misoprostol; rectal misoprostol; methyl ergometrine; duration of third stage.
REFERENCES
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Copyright © 2014 Samal R, Coumary SA, John LJ, Ghose S.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Original article
Jayesh Warade MD1,*,Aparna Pandey PhD2
Affiliation:-
1Meenakshi Mission Hospital and Research Centre, Madurai, India
2Apollo Specialty Hospital, Madurai, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Meenakshi Mission Hospital and Research Centre, Madurai, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Jayesh Warade
F-4, 2nd Floor, Meenu Enclave,
T. M. Nagar, Melur Road, Madurai, 625107 Tamilnadu, India
Article citation:
Warade J,Pandey A. Diurnal Variation of TSH: Factor Affecting Interpretation of Test. J Pharm Biomed Sci.2014;04(09):776-780. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: TSH test is the most common hormonal test prescribed in clinical set up. A lot of variations are noted in TSH value if the sample is collected at different times of the day. The interpretation results may lead to misclassification of patients into hypo, hyper or euthyroid category. Here in this study, we have studied the effect of time of sample collection - fasting and non-fasting state and at different time of the day. Material Methods: Total numbers of 227 subjects were included in the study. Three plain samples were collected from each patient: first at 6:00 am fasting sample; the second sample at 12:00 pm and third sample was collected on special request at 18:00 pm. The age group included was 25 - 45 years, both male and female subjects were included. Results: The data obtained is analysed using one way ANOVA test and it is found that there is a significant difference in TSH value when samples collected at 6:00am (fasting), 12:00pm and at 18:00pm. TSH shows a diurnal variation. Its concentration is affected by circadian rhythm. TSH concentrations are low during the daytime, increase in the evening, and peak shortly before sleep. TSH is released in pulses every 60-90 minutes over the course of the day. The half life of TSH may vary between different individuals. Conclusion: It is recommended that while evaluating TSH status timed sample should be collected preferably in fasting state. The practice of collecting fasting sample usually happens in the morning, which eliminates known variation of thyroid hormone levels later in the day.
KEYWORDS: Circadian; Pulses; metabolic; hypothyroidism; fasting.
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Warade J, Pandey A.This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Original article:
Sadredin Rasi Hashemi 1, Hamid Noshad1,*, Hesam Rasul Amini²
Affiliation:-
1Chronic kidney Disease Research center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
2Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Chronic kidney Disease Research center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
2.Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran
Address reprint requests to
Hamid Noshad.
Chronic kidney disease Research center, Tabriz university of medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran, Tel:+984113298247, Fax: +984113373966, Mobile: +989143115927.
Article citation:
Hashemi SR,Noshad H.Amini HR. Effect of hemodialysis with High-Flux filters on control of hyperphosphatemia in patients with end stage renal disease. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(09):737-742. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Hyperphosphatemia (HP) is one of the most important electrolyte disturbances in patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Its treatment is essential for controlling of Hyperparathyroidism, vessel calcifications and cardiovascular mortality. Current studies, evaluates the effect of high-flux hemodialysis on resistant hyperphosphatemia (HP) in ESRD patients.
Methods: Forty hemodialyzed patients with resistant HP were enrolled in a clinical trial study conducted at Tabriz University of medical sciences, Tabriz, Iran during February to October 2012. The eligible participants were randomly allocated to High and Low-flyx groups based on random block procedure produced by Random Allocation Software (RAS). All patients hemodialyzed for two months with the same filters (high efficienct). High-Flux (R60) filter in case group (n=20) and low-flux (R6) was used in the control group (n=20). Laboratory data and HD efficiency (KT/V) were compared before and at the end of the study. Quantitative values are compared by in depended student t-test and before-after values compared by paired t-test. Qualitative values compared by chi-square test and p-value less than 0.05 considered significant.
Results: There were significant differences in cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin and phosphate levels between both High-flux and Low-flux group and serum phosphate level diminished significantly in High-flux group (p=0.01,p=0.01,p=0.03,p=0.004 respectively).There was not any significant difference in HD efficacy between both groups (P=0.16).
Conclusion: High-Flux filter can reduce serum phosphate levels and improve lipid profile in ESRD patients with resistant hyperphosphatemia.
KEYWORDS: Hemodialysis; Hyperphosphatemia; High-Flux filter.
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Copyright © 2014 Hashemi SR.,Noshad H.,Amini HR. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: None
Original article
Samavedam Srinivasa Sarma1,Pennagaram Sarguna2,*
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor, 2Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada-533005, A.P,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada-533005, A.P, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr.Pennagaram Sarguna,
Associate Professor, Department of microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, A.P.India
Core tip: The present study was undertaken to know the microbiological profile in corneal ulcers. Majority of the infections are caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The results of antibiotic susceptibility of bacterial isolates provide information to make rationale- based decision in choosing initial treatment regimen.
Article citation:
Sarma SS, Sarguna P Microbial Keratitis - A Prospective Study. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(09):818-824.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
To study the epidemiological characteristics, microbiological profile, and in vitro antibiotic susceptibility results to make rationale - based decisions in choosing initial treatment regimen of bacterial keratitis. The hospital - based prospective study of 100 consecutive patients with corneal ulcers attending the outpatient department of Government General Hospital, Kakinada, Coastal A.P. from August 2011 through June 2013 were enrolled. Standard microbiologic evaluation of corneal scraping; smear examination and culture was done to establish the etiology. Attempt was made to study the microbial profile in 30 healthy conjunctival sac. Of 100 suspected cases of microbial keratitis, 59(59%) were culture proven; pure bacterial 41(41%), pure fungal 16(16%) and mixed infection in 2(2%). Majority of the bacterial infections were caused by Staphylococcus aureus (41.86%) and Aspergillus spp. (55.54%) was the leading cause of fungal keratitis. Most of the bacterial isolates were sensitive to aminoglycosides (72.09% - 95.34%) followed by cefotaxime (69.76%). The study shows that there is a region wise variation in the predominance of corneal pathogens. Routine surveillance of microbial keratitis is necessary to know the existing & emerging pathogens. This has an important public health implication for initiation of treatment, based on formulation of antimicrobial policy and management protocol to prevent visual morbidity.
KEYWORDS: Keratitis; bacteria; fungus; anti- bacterial susceptibility.
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21.Nikhil S Gokhale. Medical management approach to infectious keratitis. Indian J Ophthalmol 2008;56(3):215-220.
22.Jones DB. Decision making in the Management of microbial keratitis. Ophthalmology 1981;88:814-820.
Copyright © 2014 Srinivasa S, Sarguna P. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Original article
Mervat A. Ahmed1, Mona A. Mohamed2,*, Maha G. Soliman1,Yasmine H. Abd El-Naby3
Affiliation:-
1Zoology Department, 2Biochemistry division, 3Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University for Girls, Egypt
3Military Clinics, Cairo, Egypt
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University for Girls, Egypt
Address reprint requests to
Mona A. Mohamed.
Biochemistry division, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University for Girls, Egypt
Article citation:
Ahmed MA, Mohamed MA, Soliman MG, Abd Al-Naby YH. Monitoring The Expression Of Some Cell Adhesion Molecules And Serum Levels Of IL-6 And TNF-α In Irradiated Rats Treated With Wheat Germ Oil, Zinc And Bone Marrow. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(09):755-762. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Both radiotherapy and chemotherapy exert damaging effects on normal tissues in cancer patients and, consequently, induce an immune response in these tissues. Ionizing radiation in interaction with living cells causes a variety of changes depending on type of exposure, absorbed dose, duration of exposure, interval after exposure and also susceptibility of tissues. Aim: The present work was designed to evaluate the amelioration of serum IL-6 and TNF-α, in addition to expression of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 genes in hepatic tissue of rats exposed to gamma radiation and treated with wheat germ oil and/or zinc sulfate individually or in combination with bone marrow transplanted cells.
Results: Exposure of rats to 5 Gy γ-rays (single dose) caused elevation in serum levels of MDA and IL-6, in addition to hepatic mRNA levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 (62.2, 1.84-, 3.2- and 5.2- fold, respectively). On the other hand, levels of reduced glutathione and TNF-α were significantly lowered. Although administration of WG and Zn (either individually or in combination) improved the studied serum parameters, their levels were significantly different from control values. While hepatic mRNA levels of the adhesion molecules returned to near the control levels. Conclusion: Wheat germ oil and zinc in combination with bone marrow cells can be used as radioprotectors to improve the inflammatory status and disturbances in immune response induced by radiation.
Keywords:
KEYWORDS: Adhesion molecules; Inflammation; IL-6; Radiation; TNF-α.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: None
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Copyright © 2014 Ahmed MA, Mohamed MA, Soliman MG, Abd Al-Naby YH. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: None