DocumentsDate added
Review article
Deepak Viswanath1,*, Anindita Sarma2
Affiliation:
1*Professor and Head,2Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Int. Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore, India-562 157
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Int. Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore, India-562 157.
Address reprint requests to
Dr.Deepak Viswanath,
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences ,Int. Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore, India- 562 157
Article citation: Viswanath D, Sarma A. Informed Consent in Pediatric Dentistry: Ethics and Pitfalls- A Review. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(10):834-838. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Informed consent is a leading topic of interest in health care field. This paper aims at all the pros and cons of informed consent in dentistry with special attention to the pediatric sector. The communication by medical and dental practitioners has to be legitimate as the patient’s right to know constitutes the basis of modern medical ethics. It is important for every dentist to know and learn about informed consent not only on medico-legal grounds but also to build trust with the patients.
KEYWORDS: Battery; Behaviour management; Bolam Test; Informed Consent; Pediatric informed consent.
Source of support: None
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Viswanath D, Sarma A. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Mayuresh J Baheti1,*,Ninad V. Gharat1,NandlalGirijalalToshniwal1,¥
Affiliation:-
1P.G. Student, 1¥Professor & Head, Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics, Rural Dental College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni – 413736, Maharashtra, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics,Rural Dental College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni – 413736, Maharashtra, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Mayuresh J Baheti,
Department of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics,Rural Dental College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni – 413736, Maharashtra, India
Article citation:
Baheti MJ, Gharat NV, Toshniwal NG. Importance of maxillary and mandibular intercanine distance in sex determination in Maharashtra populations. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(10):871-875. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Gender determination of skeletal remains is a part of many medico-legal as well as anthropological examinations. Many anatomical structures have been studied, but the teeth and their measurements seem to be the most reliable method since teeth represent the most durable and resilient part of the skeleton. Aim: To investigate the accuracy of a method with which gender can be differentiated by the intercanine distance of maxillary and mandibular arch in a sample of adult Indian population. Materials and methods: The study was carried out at department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Rural Dental College, Loni, India on students and patients reporting at OPD. The study was conducted on 70 subjects (35 males, 35 females) of 17 to 25 years age group. Impressions of the upper arch were made using alginate and casts poured in dental stone. Maxillary and mandibular inter-canine width were measured with vernier calipers. From these measurements the percentage of sexual dimorphism was calculated. The data were subjected to statistical analysis using students unpaired ‘t’ test and results were analyzed. Results: There was sexual dimorphism in the intercanine distance of maxillary (3.82%) and mandibular (3.10%) arch.
It is inferred that the technique employing Intercanine distance of maxillary and mandibular arch can provide predictive equations useful for gender determination in a sample of Maharashtrian adult individuals.
KEYWORDS: Sexual dimorphism; Intercanine distance; canine.
REFERENCES
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Baheti MJ, Gharat NV, Toshniwal NG. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Natalie Plaks*, Karin Joubert, Katijah Khoza-Shangase
Affiliation:-
Department of Speech pathology and Audiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Speech pathology and Audiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Address reprint requests to
Natalie Plaks.
Department of Speech pathology and Audiology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Article citation:
Plaks N,Joubert K,Khoza-Shangase K. Hearing loss in the South African closed head injured population: two to five years post onset. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(10):839-851. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
The current study aimed at describing auditory function within the closed head injured (CHI) population of South Africa, two to five years post head injury. A non-probability purposive sampling strategy was used to recruit 30 participants with a confirmed CHI from two neuro-rehabilitation centres within the Johannesburg area. Audiological testing was performed in a sound proof booth at the University of the Witwatersrand Speech and Hearing Clinic (USHC) following ethical approval. All equipment used in the study had been recently calibrated. The study made use of a non-experimental, descriptive, cross-sectional design to describe the auditory functioning of 30 individuals with CHI. Results: Findings from the basic audiological test battery and the audiological auditory brainstem response (ABR) revealed hearing function within normal limits for all participants Although basic audiometry indicated normal hearing, otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) were absent in five participants, and neurodiagnostic ABR measures revealed abnormalities on 14 participants’ neurodiagnostic ABR recordings. Conclusion: For accurate assessment of the integrity of the auditory pathway following CHI, current findings highlight the importance of utilizing more objective and sensitive measures during the assessment. Current findings also indicate that if overt hearing loss occurs in CHI, it can be temporary and tends to dissipate during the post-traumatic period, as evidenced in the current study.
KEYWORDS: Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR); Audiological Assessment; Closed Head Injury (CHI); Hearing Loss; Otoacoustic Emissions (OAE’s).
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Copyright © 2014 Ofem OE, Nna VC,Oka VO,Archibong AN,Bassey SC. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Research article
Deepak Viswanath1,*,Madhumita Naithani2
Affiliation:-
1*Professor and Head,2Postgraduate Student, Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Int. Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore, India-562 157
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences, Int. Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore, India-562 157.
Address reprint requests to
Dr.Deepak Viswanath,
Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Krishnadevaraya College of Dental Sciences ,Int. Airport Road, Hunasamaranahalli, Bangalore, India- 562 157
Article citation: Viswanath D, Naithani M. Evaluation of Night eating questionnaire (NEQ) used in residential and non residential school going adolescent population from Bangalore north: A comparative study. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(10):904-909. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Night Eating Syndrome was first described in 1955 by Stunkard as an eating disorder that is characterised by morning anorexia, evening or nocturnal hyperphagia in a fully conscious state, and insomnia. Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) is an instrument designed to assess the severity of symptoms and to assist in identifying patient with Night Eating Syndrome.
Aims: The aim of our study was to decipher the prevalence of night eating syndrome using the night eating questionnaire in two subset population namely adolescents living at home and those living in hostel accommodation.
Settings and Design: The study was conducted in various day boarding and residential schools in Bangalore North.
Materials and Methods: 1235 adolescents in grades 6-10 were recruited for the study who were given the Night Eating Questionnaire to be filled up in front of the researcher. Additionally body weight and height were measured later for calculation of Body Mass Index for each subject.
Results: The Night Eating Syndrome was seen to be present in Indian adolescent population. Furthermore NES was observed to be more severe in residential population as compared to non residential population.
Conclusion: This representative cross sectional survey demonstrated the prevalence and severity of abnormal eating patterns in Indian adolescent population.
KEYWORDS: Adolescents; Eating Disorders; Night eating Syndrome; Obesity.
REFERENCES
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3.Sarah A. Wildermuth, Glenn R. Mesman, Wendy L. Ward. Maladaptive Eating Patterns in Children.J Pediatr Health Care. 2013; 27:109-119.
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7.Stunkard AJ, Grace WJ, Wolf HG. The night-eating syndrome.Am J Med 1955; 19:78–86.
8.O’Reardon JP, Ringel BL, Dinges DF, Allison KC, Rogers NS, Martino NS, Stunkard AJ. Circadian eating and sleeping patterns in the night eating syndrome.Obes Res 2004; 12:1789–1796.
9.Sharon H. Thompson. An Exploratory Study of the Relationship between Night Eating Syndrome and Depression Among College Students. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy.2010;24:39–48.
10.Allison et al. Cognitive behaviour therapy for night eating syndrome: A pilot study.American Journal of Psychotherapy. 2010; 64:91-106.
11.Striegel-Moore, R.H., Franko,D.L.,Garcia j. Validity and clinical utility of night eating syndrome. International Journal of Eating Disorders. 2009;42:720-38.
12.Striegel-Moore, R.H., Franko,D.L., May A, Ach e, Thompson D, Hooh J.M. Should night eating syndrome be included in the DSM? International Journal of Eating Disorders.2006; 39:544-9.
13.Striegel-Moore Rh, Dohm FA, Hook JM, Schreiber GB, Crawford PB, Daniel SR. Night eating syndrome in young adult women: prevalence and correlates.International Journal of Eating Disorders. 2005;37:200-206.
14.Rand CS, Mc Gregor AMC, StunkardAj. The night eating syndrome in the general population and among post operative obesity surgery patients.International Journal of Eating Disorders.1997;22:65-9.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Viswanath D, Naithani M. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Namani Ganesh1,*,Dilip M Rampure1,Rajashekarappa1,¥
Affiliation:-
*1PG,1Professor and Head,1,¥Professor, Department of Medicine, Mamata Medical College,Khammam, Telangana state, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Medicine, Mamata Medical College,Khammam, Telangana state, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Ganesh Namani.
Postgraduate, Department of Medicine, Mamata Medical College,Khammam, Telangana state, India
Article citation:
Ganesh N,Rampure DM,Rajashekarappa. Etiological study of dilated cardiomyopathy in a tertiary care hospital. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(10):910-913. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy is an important cause of congestive heart failure and accounts for upto 25% of all cases of CHF. The incidence of DCM appears to be increasing and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality
Objective: To study the clinical, etiological, electrodiographic and echocardiographic profile of patients with DCM
Methods: A total of 50 patients who were admitted to a teaching hospital, Khammam and fulfilled the inclusion / exclusion criteria were evaluated by history, physical examination, ECG and echocardiography.
Results: Most of the patients affected were in the age group of 41-50 years. Males comprised 62% and females comprised 38%. Most of the cases are idiopathic. The clinical profile of patients included symptoms and signs of biventricular failure (80%) followed by left ventricular failure (16.6%).Left axis deviation, sinus tachycardia, ventricular premature complexes and ST – T changes were the common ECG findings. Echo showed reduced ejection fraction and global hypokinesia in all the patients. Biventricular dilatation was seen in 40 % of patients. Mitral regurgitation was seen in a significant number of patients (62%).
Conclusion: Dilated cardiomyopathy is a primary disease of the cardiac muscle and can occur at any age. Alcoholism and peripartum status are the most common identified etiologies. Biventricular failure was the most common clinical presentation. The clinical course is unpredictable and its interpretation is complicated by the difficulty in defining the onset of the disease.
KEYWORDS: Dilated cariomyopathy ; ECG; ECHO & Etiology.
REFERENCES
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4.Alkesh Jain, Satyendra Tewari, Aditya Kapoor, Sudeep Kumar, Naveen Garg, PK Goel, Nakul Sinha . Clinical Profile of Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Indian Heart J. 2004; 56:374-382.
5.Yadav NA, Raghu K, LSR Krishna, Gouthami V, Jyotsana M, Seshagiri Rao D, Jaishankar S. Clinical Profile of Dilated Cardiomyopathy: A Tertiary Care Center Study. Indian Heart J. 2003; 55:165-178.
6.Gurpal singh, Prem Arora, SB Nayyar, JS Arora, BS Bal: A study of clinical profile of 124 cases of Dilated cardiomyopathy. Indian Heart J. 2001; 72:652-658.
7.Sachin C Hoskatti, Prakash K Phadnis, S. B Kalagate: Clinical Profile of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy. JAPI 2007;23:67-74.
8.Daniel WG, Nellessen U, Schroder E, et al. Left atrial spontaneous echo contrast in mitral valve disease: an indicator for an increased thromboembolic risk. J Am Coll Cardiol 11(1988), pp.1204-1211.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Ganesh N,Rampure DM,Rajashekarappa. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.