DocumentsDate added
Original article
Neelam Sharma1,*, Anshul Jhanwar2
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Jhalawar medical college, Jhalawar, Rajasthan, India
2Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Jhalawar medical college, Jhalawar, Rajasthan, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, J.L.N. medical college, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Anshul Jhanwar.
III/2,Doctor’s residence, Medical College Campus, Jhalawar, Rajasthan, India (Pin-326001)
Article citation:
Sharma N, Jhanwar A. To study the effect of Mifepristone-Misoprostol combination for first trimester abortion in cases with previously scarred uterus. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(08):930-935. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Introduction: In India to deal with unwanted pregnancy in the scarred uterus is thorny situation, since the caesarian section rate is increasing. Although most widely used method for terminating pregnancy is dilatation and evacuation but it increases morbidity and mortality by causing uterine perforation, serious hemorrhage and shock. Therefore medical abortion offers an advantageous alternative to surgical abortion.
Material and methods: Total one hundred and fifty patients were selected for the present prospective study and were divided randomly into two equal groups after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Both groups were given 200 mg Mifepristone followed by 800 µg Misoprostol after 48 hours. Group 1 consist of patients with previously scarred uterus. Group 2 consisted of patients with previously non-scarred uterus.
Results: Mean period of gestation in group 1 was 43.48 days and in group 2 was 43.81 days. Mean gravidity in group 1 was 3.24 and in group 2 was 3.17.Mean parity in group 1 was 2.2 while in group 2 was 2.14.Efficacy of procedure which was determined by the number of complete abortions in the group (92% in group 1 and 93.3% in group2.Minor side effects were seen in 21 % patients of group 1 as compared to 28% in group 2.
Conclusion: Both the groups who underwent medical abortion with mifepristone-misoprostol combination were found to be comparable in terms of efficacy, safety and acceptability for termination of pregnancy of gestational age upto 49 days.
KEYWORDS: Mifepristone, Misoprostol, Scarred uterus, Lower segment cesarean section.
REFERENCES
1.Norman JE et al. Uterine contractility and induction of abortion in early pregnancy by misoprostol and mifepristone. Lancet 1991; 338:1233-1236.
2.Abraham Debby et al. Mid trimester abortion in patients with a previous uterine scar. European Journal of Obst & Gyne 2003.
3.Maitre SC,Bouchard P,Spitz IM .Medical termination of pregnancy.N Engl.J Med 2000;342:946-56.
4.Wu Y,Medical progress in China-Family planning.Natl Med J China 1995;75(12):749-75.
5.Creinin MD. Medical abortion regimens. Historical contest and overview. Am J Obstet & Gynecol 2000; 183:53-59.
6.Belfort P,Pinotti JA,Eskes Tkab.Fertility,sterility and contraception. Caterton Hall, Carnforth, UK: The Parthenon Publishing Group.1989; 28-31.
7.Bygdeman M. Termination of pregnancy upto 8 or 9 weeks-Modern methods of inducing abortion. Black-well science:Oxford;1995:39-53
8.Sun H,Wu S,Xu H et. Al.The potential of Ru 486 for medical termination of pregnancy: An acceptability and feasibility study. J Repro Med (China). 1995; 4(3):749-75.
9.Coyaji K,Etul B,Krishna U,Otiv S, Ambardekar S,Bopardikar A: Mifepristone abortion outside the urban research hospital setting in India.Lancet,2001;357:120-22.
10.Brogden RN, Goa KL, Faulds D. Mifepristone: A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential. Drugs 1993; 45:384-409.
11.Renee M, Hart S. Mifepristone: Annuals of pharmacotherapy 2001;35:707-15.
12.Robbins A,Spitz IM. Mifepristone clinical pharmacology. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1996;39:436-50.
13.Berghella V,Airoldi J. Misoprostol for first trimester pregnancy termination in women with prior cesarean;a systemic review. BJOG;May 2009.
14.Muhammad Fawzy. Mid trimester abortion using vaginal misoprostol for women with 3 or more prior cesarean deliveries. JJOG 2010 March.
15.Premila W,Prabath T. Factors affecting outcome of early medical abortion: A review of 4132 consecutive cases; BJOG: Nov 2002;109:1281-89.
16.J Xu, Chen H. Termination of early pregnancy in scarred uterus with mifepristone and misoprostol. IJOG.72 (2001):245-51.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patients and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at jpbms.info
Copyright © 2014 Sharma N, Jhanwar A. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Sharmila 1 MD (OBG), Sendhil Coumary.A1* MD, DNB, MNAMS (OBG), Lopamudra B John1† MD, DNB (OBG), Seetesh Ghose 1¥ MD, FICOG
Affiliation:-
1Assisstant Professor, *1Professor, 1†Associate Professor, 1¥Professor And Head Of Department, Department Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College And Research Institute Pillaiyarkuppam Puducherry- 607402, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Puducherry, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Sendhil Coumary. A,
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College And Research Institute, Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry, India-607402
Article citation:
Sharmila ,Coumary SA,John LB,Ghose S. Effectiveness of Intravenous Iron Sucrose among SouthIndian Antenatal Women. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(09):936-940. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Objectives: The study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous iron sucrose among south indian antenatal women with moderate iron deficiency anaemia in the second trimester not responding to oral iron.
Methods: The study was a prospective interventional study conducted in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology at MGMCRI, Pondicherry, South India. During a study period of 18 months starting from December 2011, a total of 61 antenatal women were included in the study. 32 received intravenous iron sucrose in divided doses, as they did not respond well to oral iron. Haemoglobin, PCV and serum ferritin were measured before and after intra venous sucrose. The results were tabulated and analysed.
Results: After oral iron therapy the mean haemoglobin was 8.97 ± 0.80 gm%, the mean PCV was 28.16 ± 2.6, and the mean serum ferritin was 13.32 ± 2.49 micrograms respectively. After IV iron sucrose therapy the mean haemoglobin was 10.15 ± 0.36, the mean PCV was 31.5± 2.10 and the mean serum ferritin was 44.09± 7.02 respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the rise of mean haemoglobin, PCV and serum ferritin after therapy with iron sucrose. There were no significant side effects related to intravenous iron sucrose therapy.
Conclusion: Iron sucrose is safe and effective without any serious side effects in correcting the iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy among those who are not responding or intolerant to oral iron.
KEYWORDS: Iron sucrose; iron deficiency anemia; antenatal women.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
REFERENCES
1.Nutritional anemia during pregnancy in non industrialised countries in Progress in Obstetrics and Gynaecology 15. Studd J, Tan S L, Frank A. Chervenak. 2003; 8 (1): 103-121.
2.Aykut Barut, Mehmet Harma Intravenous iron treatment for iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. J Turkish-German Gynecol Assoc 2009;10: 109-15
3.Alhossain A. Khalafallah, Amanda E. Dennis Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy and postpartum : pathophysiology and effect of oral versus intravenous iron therapy. Journal of pregnancy Volume 2012 doi:10.1155/2012/630519
4.Arnoff GR, Bennett WM, Blumenthal S et al. Iron sucrose in hemodialysis patients: safety of replacement and maintenance regimens. Kidney Int 2004;66:1193-98
5.Ragip A Al, Unlubilgin E, Kandemir O, Yalvac S, Cakir L, and Haberal A. Intravenous versus oral Iron in the treatment of anemia in pregnancy. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2005; 106(6) : 1335-40.
6.Naz N, Mashoori R G, Zehra T, Chaudhry A, Laghari J. Intravenous Iron Sucrose versus oral iron in treatment of iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy. Medical Channel 2008 Mar ; 14(1): 55-58.
7.Shafi D, Purandare SV, Sathe AV. Iron deficiency anemia in pregnancy: intravenous versus oral route. J Obstet Gynaecol India. 2012 Jun;62(3):317-21. doi: 10.1007/s13224-012-0222-0. Epub 2012 Aug 1.
8.Deepti S, Sunetra I, Sindhu B, Amreen S. Effectiveness of Intravenous Iron Sucrose in Management Of Iron Deficient Anemia of Pregnancy at Rural Hospital Set Up. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of India 2012 Apr; 62(2): 154-157.
Copyright © 2014 Sharmila ,Coumary SA,John LB,Ghose S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
HG Hamza*, Z K Mohammed, A A Adullahi and T B Kingimi
Affiliation:-
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty Science University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069 Maiduguri, Nigeria
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty Science University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069 Maiduguri, Nigeria
Address reprint requests to
Dr.HG Hamza
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty Science University of Maiduguri, PMB 1069 Maiduguri, Nigeria
Article citation:
Hamza HG, Mohammed ZK, Adullahi AA, Kingimi TB. Antioxidant potentials of crude extracts of Gueirra sengalensis Leaves on CCL4 induced oxidative stress in Albino rat. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(11):941-945. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: There is increasing recognition that many of today’s diseases are due to the “oxidative stress” that results from an imbalance between the formation and neutralization of reactive molecules such as reactive oxygen species(ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS).
Aim: The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity of Gueirra senegalensis leaves, a plant which is routinely used in ethonomedicinal practice for the treatment and management of most common ailments in this part of the world.
Methods: The anti oxidative effect of extracts of Guierra senegalensis (500mg per kgbodyweight) on carbon tetrachloride induce oxidative stress in rats was tested using spectrophotometric method to measure rate of decomposition of H2O2 and estimation of thiobarbituric acid reducing substance. The extracts effects were compared with standard drug (Silymarin 140mg per kg body weight).
Results: CCl4 intoxication induced a marked increase in TBARS level (P<0.05) and a significant reduction of catalase activity (P<0.05), the extract at the dose of 500mg per kg body weight significantly (P<0.05) ameliorated the deviation caused by CCl4 induced oxidative stress.
Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of G. senegalensis showed protective abilities against CCl4 induced oxidative stress in rats.
KEYWORDS: Antioxidant; Gueirra senegalensis; Oxidative stress.
REFERENCES
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13.Nwafor, P. A and HG Hamza.. Antidiarrhoeal and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Methanolic Extract of Guiera senegalensis Leaves in Rodents. Journal of Natural Remedies,(2007);7(1):72-79
14.Shettima, A Y, Karumi Y, Tijjani M.A and Sodipo OA Phytochemical and antidiarrhoel properties of ethyl acetate root extract of Guierra senegalensis JF Gmel via oral route. J. Chem.Pharm.Res. 2012;4(10):4604-46-12.
15.Silva, O., and Gomes, E.T, Guieranone A, a Naphthyl Butenone from the Leaves of Guiera senegalensis with antifungal Activity. J. Nat. Prod.2003; 66(3):447–449.
16.Somboro, A.A. et al. An ethnobotanical and phytochemical study of the African medicinal plant Guiera senegalensis J. F. Gmel. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research.2011; 5(9):16391651.
17.Zailani, S B and Ahmed, A H(2008) Phytochemical screening and diversity of uses of medicinal plant in Nigeria: in A Text book of medicinal plant from Nigeria.1st ed. University of Lagos Press, Lagos Nigeria pp43-85.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Hamza HG, Mohammed ZK, Adullahi AA, Kingimi TB. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
Surinder Kumar1, Baljinder Singh2,*, Varsha A singh3, Ovais Karnain Wadoo4, Yogesh5
Affiliation:-
1Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, BPS GMC for women Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India 2Associate Professor, Department Physiology, M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
3Professor, Department of Microbiology, M.M.Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, India
4Resident, Department of Physiology, M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
5Demonstrator,Department Of Physiology, BPS GMC for women Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Microbiology, BPS GMC for women Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India
2.Department Physiology,M.M. Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India
3.Department Of Physiology, BPS GMC for women Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, Haryana, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr Baljinder Singh.
Department Physiology, M.M.Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, India - 133207
Article citation:
Kumar S, Singh B, Singh VA, Wadoo OK, Yogesh. Prevalence of Giardia lamblia in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms in rural tertiary care hospital in Haryana. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014;04(11):946-949. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
An intestinal parasitic infestation is a major public health problem. Prospective study was carried out to know the prevalence of Giardia lamblia in patients of gastrointestinal symptoms at MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Mullana, Ambala. A total of 656 stool samples of HIV negative patients with gastrointestinal symptoms from OPD and wards were included in this study. Samples were examined for parasites by saline wet mount, Iodine mount and after concentration. Out of 656 stool specimens Giardia lamblia isolated in 6.7% cases. The Giardia lamblia was more prevalent in younger age group with statistically significant in < 15 years of age (p<0.05). Prevalence was also more in males as compared to females but it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The seasonal variation of Giardia was also seen with more prevalence in hot and moist season being water borne disease .Hence; there is need of awareness among the people for taking safe drinking water.
KEYWORDS: Giardia; Gastrointestinal; water borne disease
Source of support: None
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Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Kumar S, Singh B, Singh VA, Wadoo OK, Yogesh. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Hamza Abdalla Mohammed*, Isam M Elkhidir
Affiliation:-
AL Neelain University, Faculty of Post Graduate, Khartoum, Sudan
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
AL Neelain University, Faculty of Post Graduate, Khartoum, Sudan
Address reprint requests to
Dr.HG Hamza
AL Neelain University, Faculty of Post Graduate, Khartoum, Sudan
Article citation:
Mohammed HA, Elkhidir IM. Estimating incidence of HIV among adults visiting a Voluntary counseling and testing centers at Khartoum state, Sudan. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2014; 04(11):950-956. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Accurate and reliable laboratory methods are needed for the estimation of HIV-1 incidence to identify the high-risk populations and target and monitor prevention efforts. BED-EIA HIV-1 Incidence Test (BED-CEIA) and limiting Ag avidity has been described as a tool to discriminate recent (RS) from long-term seroconversion (LTS) of HIV-1 infection, contributing to a better understanding of the dynamics of the HIV/AIDS epidemic over time. This study determined the, estimation of HIV incidence infection among individuals seeking testing in Voluntary Counselling and Testing centers (VCTs) in Khartoum STATE –Sudan.
Methods: The detection of recent infections was performed on confirmed HIV-positive samples, using the BED capture enzyme immunoassay for 376 individuals, were under inclusion criteria of research according to the age (15-25 years) tested positive among 5862 with the defined algorithm and verified by determining rapid test and then confirmed with fourth generation ELISA and Determine by Combo rapid test. Those identified as HIV positive were further assessed for recent infection. Volunteers screened from November/2011 to October /2012 in VCTs located in Khartoum, Sudan. BED-CEIA and avidity protocol was performed to identify RS. 10 samples from RS were selected for genomic sequencing.
The results: Overall HIV-1 prevalence of recent infection was 6.4%(376/55862). Eighty four of 376 seropositive individuals were classified as RS, corresponding to an incidence rate of 3.4%/year.
Conclusion: The HIV incidence estimation reflects the underlying transmission dynamics that are currently at work in Sudan and a practical way of tracking HIV incidence and is a useful tool in targeting and evaluating the impact of prevention programs. Our analysis reveals a new phase of the HIV epidemic in Sudan support the need for intensified prevention interventions among middle-aged persons in Sudan.
KEYWORDS: Infections; HIV incidence; Seroconversion.
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Mohammed HA, Elkhidir IM. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.