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Original article
Durgarani Arava1,*, Rajasekhar Koppada2, Rajyalakshmi Gunti3
Affiliation:-
1,3Assistant professors, Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, Andhrapradesh, India
2Assistant professor, Department of Microbiology, Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, Kakinada, Andhrapradesh, India
Department of Microbiology, Siddhartha Medical College, Vijayawada, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. A. Durga Rani.
Assistant professor, Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, GGH Campus, Kakinada, Andhrapradesh. PIN: 533001
Article citation:
Durgarani A, Rajasekhar K, Rajyalakshmi G. A study of opportunistic infections in HIV/AIDS patients in and around Kakinada, Andhrapradesh. J Pharm Biomed Sci.2015;05(01):53-56.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Aims & objectives: The present study was done to know the prevalence of opportunistic infections in symptomatic HIV seropositive and HIV seronegative individuals in and around Kakinada using simple laboratory screening methods. Material & methods: a total of 573 HIV seropositive and 505 HIV seronegative individuals were screened for opportunistic pathogens from Nov 2012 to Oct 2014. The samples included were stool, sputum and CSF. The methods adopted were saline & iodine wet mounts, Acid fast & modified Acid fast staining, India ink preparation and culture on Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar (SDA). Results: Out of 116 stool samples from HIV seropositive patients, 36 (31%) were found to be positive for enteric parasites. Among these Isospora belli was found in 15 cases (13%), Cryptosporidium in 10(8.6%), Strongyloides stercoralis (SS) in 5 (4.3%). The positivity in HIV seronegatives was 5.8 %( 10 out of 171). A total number of 339 sputum samples from HIV seropositive patients and 334 sputum samples from HIV seronegatives were tested for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Out of 339 sputum samples 103 (30.3%) among HIV positive patients and 54 out of 334 (16.1%) sputum samples in HIV seronegatives were positive for MTB . A total of 118 CSF samples were screened for Cryptococcus neoformans and 9 (7.6%) were found to be positive in HIV seropositives. No requisitions were received for Cryptococcus screening in HIV seronegative group. Conclusion: Though syndrome management is a better choice to treat HIV/AIDS in developing countries the routine laboratory methods of screening has a role in specific diagnosis and treatment.
KEYWORDS: CNS Cryptococcosis; Enteric parasites; Human immunodeficiency virus; pulmonary tuberculosis.
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Copyright © 2015. Durgarani A, Rajasekhar K, Rajyalakshmi. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.