DocumentsDate added
Original article
Purvi R Bhagat.1,*,M.S., D.O, Mariam N Mansuri2.,M.S.,Vibha Metha3.,M.S.
Affiliation:-
1Associate Professor,2Professor,3Senior Resident, Glaucoma Clinic, M & J Western Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Ahmedabad-380016,Gujarat,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
M & J Institute Of Ophthalmology, Civil hospital, Ahmedabad-380016,India
Address reprint requests to
Dr Bhagat Purvi R.
Associate Professor, Glaucoma Clinic, M & J Western Regional Institute of Ophthalmology,Ahmedabad- 380016, Gujarat, India or at dr.purvibhagat@yahoo.com
Article citation:
Bhagat PR,Mansuri MN,Mehta V. Primary congenital glaucoma The iceberg disease : Four years data from a tertiary care centre of a developing country. J Pharm Biomed Sci.2015;05(01):67-71. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Context: Primary congenital glaucoma ( PCG ) is an uncommon type of glaucoma but due to the long anticipated life span of the afflicted, it leads to considerable economic blindness. Therefore, the importance of treating them young cannot be over emphasized.
Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the total burden and epidemiology of PCG at a tertiary referral care centre.
Material & Methods: This was a retrospective study from January 2010 to December 2013 and included one fifty(150) eyes of 110 patients, aged < 11 years. Each patient underwent detailed systemic and ophthalmic examination, examination under anaesthesia (EUA) followed by appropriate surgical intervention.
Results: 68 (61.82%) patients were boys and 42 (38.18%) patients were girls. 41 (37.27%) patients belonged to 0-1 year age group; 29 (26.36%) patients to 1-5 years; 24 (21.82%) patients to 5-8 years and 16(14.54%) to 8-11 years. 70 (63.63%) patients had unilateral involvement, while 40 (36.36%) patients had bilateral affection. Nine(9) eyes required resurgery. Two(2) eyes of a single patient required resurgery twice. One(1) eye underwent shunt surgery.
Conclusion: Over the four year analysis, 150 eyes were found to be affected with PCG. Though this represents only the burden at a tertiary centre, this treatable and preventable cause of blindness raises an important field of concern. Concentrated efforts for early diagnosis and timely treatment can help to nullify the deleterious effects of PCG. Public education and active parental counselling are also additional keys for PCG prevention.
KEYWORDS: Glaucoma; Primary congenital glaucoma; Buphthalmos; Trabeculotomy.
Key message: Congenital glaucoma has an exorbitant impact on the lives of the afflicted, their families and on the productivity of the society but it still lacks attention. Over a four year retrospective analysis, 150 eyes were found to be affected with Primary congenital glaucoma. Though this number appears to be small and represents only the burden at a tertiary centre, this treatable and preventable cause of blindness raises an important field of concern if the results can be expanded to the community level. Concentrated efforts for early diagnosis and timely treatment can help to nullify the deleterious effects of PCG thereby improving the quality of the childs future. Public awareness and education remain the key. Discouraging consanguinous marriages and active parental counselling are also additional keys for PCG prevention.
Statement of Originality of work : The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
REFERENCES
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2.Nduaguba C, Lee R. Glaucoma screening: current trends, economic issues, technology, and challenges. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2006; 17: 142‐152.
3.Gupta N, Yülel YH. Glaucoma as a neurodegenerative disease. Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2007; 18: 110‐114.
4.Kyari F, Gudlavaletti MV, Sivsubramaniam S, Gilbert CE, Abdull MM, Entekume G, et al. Prevalence of blindness and visual impairment in Nigeria. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009; 50: 2033-2039.
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6.Papadopoulos M, Cable N, Rahi J, Khaw PT. British Infantile Glaucoma ( BIG ) study investigators. Invest Ophthalmo Vis Sci 2007; 48(9): 4100-06.
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8.Yadava Usha. Primary congenital glaucoma. Journal of Current Glaucoma Practice 2010; 4(2) : 57-71.
9. Derrick S Fung, M Allison Roensch, Karanjit S Kooner, H Dwight Cavanagh, Jess T Whitson. Epidemiology and characteristics of childhood glaucoma: results from the Dallas Glaucoma Registry. Clinical Ophthalmology 2013; 7: 17391746
10.Das J, Bhomaj S, Chaudhuri Z, Sharma P, Negi A, Dasgupta A. Profile of glaucoma in a major eye hospital in North India. Indian J Ophthalmol 2001;49:25-30
11.Mandal AK, Chakrabarti D. Update on congenital glaucoma. Indian J Ophthalmol 2011; 59:148-57.
12.Tuck MW. Referrals for suspected glaucoma. An International Glaucoma Association. Survey Ophthalmol Physiol Opt 1991;11:22-26.
Copyright © 2015. Bhagat PR,Mansuri MN,Mehta V. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article
Uday Nandkishorji Soni1,*,Mayuresh J. Baheti1,Nandlal G. Toshniwal1¥
Affiliation:
1PG Student,1¥Professor and HOD, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Rural Dental College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni – 413736,India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Rural Dental College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni – 413736, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Uday Nandkishorji Soni.
Dept. of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics,
Rural Dental College, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Loni–413736, India
Article citation: Soni UN,Baheti MJ,Toshniwal NG. Turmeric in dentistry – The hidden potential. J Pharm Biomed Sci.2015;05(01):84-89.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Turmeric has been used for thousands of years as a dye, a flavoring, and a medicinal herb. In India, it has been used traditionally as a remedy for stomach and liver ailments, as well as topically to heal sores. Ancient Indian medicine has touted turmeric as an herb with the ability to provide glow and luster to the skin as well as vigor and vitality to the entire body. The main component of turmeric is curcumin. The activity of curcumin derived from its complex chemistry as well as its ability to influence the multiple signalling pathways. Root part of the plant are widely used by different tribal communities as turmeric have been shown to have wide spectrum of biological actions, which include anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, analgesic, antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-protozoal, anti-ulcer, hypocholesteremic activities. Its anti-cancer effect induced mainly mediated through induction of apoptosis and many more medicinal values.
This review article is to highlight the pharmacological action and its therapeutic role of turmeric in dentistry. This article is to illustrate the value of this medicinal spice and to emphasize to make an effective use of this in various dental applications.
KEYWORDS: Turmeric, Ayurveda, herbal medicine, Oral health.
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the
manuscript represents honest and original work.
REFERENCES
1.Roberson T, Harald OH, Edward JS. Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry. 10th ed. Elsevier Health Sciences,Australia, 2006.
2.World Health Organization - Global Strategy On Diet, Physical Activity And Health Facts: Dental Diseases And Oral Health .WHO oral health publications, Geneva 2003.
3.Balkland L, Ingle J, Baumgartner C. Ingles Endodontics . 6th edition.PMPH , USA . 2010. pp114.
4.Rapeephan Nagasiri, Chitmongkolsuk MS. Long-term survival of endodontically treated molars without crown coverage: A retrospective cohort study.JPD2003;93(2):164-170.
5.Bairwa M, Rajput M, Sachdeva S. Modified kuppuswamy's socioeconomic scale: social researcher should include updated income criteria, 2012. Indian J Community Med 2013; 38:185-6.
6.Satheesh BH, Omar S. Replacement of Missing Anterior Teeth in a Patient with Temporomandibular Disorder. Case Reports in Dentistry. 2014;39: 4.
Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015. Sisodia N,Yadav S,Nangia T,Singh P,Yadav M,Singh HP. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Neha Sisodia1,Sharda Yadav1,Tanu Nangia2,Preetinder Singh3,*,Manisha Yadav4,HP Singh5
Affiliation:
1Senior Resident (Dental), Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
2Reader, ITS Dental College, Greater Noida, India
3Associate Professor (Periodontics), Swami Devi Dayal Dental College, Barwala, Panchkula (Haryana), India
4Orthodontist, Dental solutions, Gurgaon, India
5Head of Department, Department of dentistry, Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Senior Resident (Dental), Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
2.Reader, ITS Dental College, Greater NOIDA, India
3.Assoc. Professor (Periodontics), Swami Devi Dayal Dental College, Barwala, Panchkula (Haryana),India
4.Orthodontist, Dental solutions, Gurgaon, India
5.Head of Department, Department of dentistry, Dr RML Hospital, New Delhi, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr .Preetinder Singh.
Associate Professor (Periodontics),
Swami Devi Dayal Dental College, Barwala, Panchkula (Haryana), India
Article citation:
Sisodia N,Yadav S,Nangia T,Singh P,Yadav M,Singh HP Dental Patients’ knowledge and attitude towards Endodontics – A survey. J Pharm Biomed Sci.2015;05(01):80-83.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Aim: The purpose of this survey was to assess the level and sources of information about root canal treatment in patients visiting a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India
Materials and methods: Patients’ knowledge and awareness about root canal treatment as an option to retain teeth were evaluated through a standardized questionnaire distributed to patients visiting the dental OPD. The questionnaires were distributed to the patients (n= 300) during their regular dental visits.
Results: The results of this study indicate that (52%) of the subjects knew about root canals. Multiple visits, High cost were the major factors preventing patients from choosing root canal treatment for management of a painful tooth over extraction.
Conclusion: The results of this survey showed a moderate level of awareness about root canal treatment among the selected sample of dental patients. It also highlighted the need for providing more information to the patients about the advantages of retaining teeth via Endodontic therapy..
KEYWORDS: Dentists; dental caries; Education, Questionnaire; Root canal therapy.
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
REFERENCES
1.Roberson T, Harald OH, Edward JS. Sturdevant's Art and Science of Operative Dentistry. 10th ed. Elsevier Health Sciences,Australia, 2006.
2.World Health Organization - Global Strategy On Diet, Physical Activity And Health Facts: Dental Diseases And Oral Health .WHO oral health publications, Geneva 2003.
3.Balkland L, Ingle J, Baumgartner C. Ingles Endodontics . 6th edition.PMPH , USA . 2010. pp114.
4.Rapeephan Nagasiri, Chitmongkolsuk MS. Long-term survival of endodontically treated molars without crown coverage: A retrospective cohort study.JPD2003;93(2):164-170.
5.Bairwa M, Rajput M, Sachdeva S. Modified kuppuswamy's socioeconomic scale: social researcher should include updated income criteria, 2012. Indian J Community Med 2013; 38:185-6.
6.Satheesh BH, Omar S. Replacement of Missing Anterior Teeth in a Patient with Temporomandibular Disorder. Case Reports in Dentistry. 2014;39: 4.
Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015. Sisodia N,Yadav S,Nangia T,Singh P,Yadav M,Singh HP. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Fu Wen-Juan1, Chen Ju2, Ke Jian1, Yu Wen-Hui1, Wang Lan-Ying2, Wu Ding-Tao2,
Xiong Ai-Hua1, Nie Hong1* and Zhao Jing2*
Affiliation:
1Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
2State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
2.State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
Address reprint requests to
Nie Hong/Zhao Jing
Tel: 86-20-85222810
Fax: 86-20-85224476
Article citation:
Fu Wen-Juan, Chen Ju, Ke Jian, Yu Wen-Hui, Wang Lan-Ying, Wu Ding-Tao, et al. Gastroprotective activity of Hericium erinaceus on gastric injury rat model induced by glacial acetic acid and pyloric ligation. J Pharm Biomed Sci.2015;05(01):72-79. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: This study investigated the effects of Hericium erinaceus extracts against gastric ulcer by glacial acetic acid combining pyloric ligation acute gastric ulcer rat model. Rats were randomly assigned to 9 groups including control, model, cimetidine (0.04 g.kg-1.d-1), HTG-2-S (2.0 g.kg-1.d-1), HTG-2-S (0.5 g.kg-1.d-1), HTG-2-S (0.125 g.kg-1.d-1), HTG-2-P (2.0 g.kg-1.d-1), HTG-2-P (0.5 g.kg-1.d-1) and HTG-2-P (0.125 g.kg-1.d-1). The drugs were given intragastrically once daily for 14 consecutive days. At the end of experiment, 2mL of 14.5 mmol/L glacial acetic acid was administered intragastrically, and pylorus was ligated with 3% pentobarbital sodium anesthesia to establish acute gastric ulcer rat models. Variables including gastric acidity, area of gastric ulcer, gastric H&E staining and activities of pepsin, trypsin, and lipase were investigated. The results showed that HTG-2-P (2 g.kg-1.d-1), HTG-2-P (0.125 g.kg-1.d-1) and HTG-2-S (0.5 g.kg-1.d-1) could raise the pH of gastric acid back to normal (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). Compared with the model group, HTG-2-S (2 g.kg-1.d-1), HTG-2-S (0.5 g.kg-1.d-1), HTG-2-P (2 g.kg-1.d-1), HTG-2-P (0.5 g.kg-1.d-1), and HTG-2-P (0.125g.kg-1.d-1) could significantly reduce the gastric ulcer area and lower the activity of pepsin (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). All dose groups of HTG-2-S and HTG-2-P were able to alleviate inflammatory cell infiltration in gastric mucous and submucous layers of rats. Therefore, we confirmed that extracts of Hericium erinaceus possessed remarkably protective effects against acute gastric ulcer in rats.
KEYWORDS: Hericium erinaceus; acute gastric ulcer; pyloric ligation; glacial acetic acid; pepsin; gastric acidity.
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
REFERENCES
1.Dong, W.G., et al., Epidemiology of peptic ulcer disease in Wuhan area of China from 1997 to 2002. World J Gastroenterol, 2004;10(22): 3377-9.
2.Li, Z., et al., Epidemiology of peptic ulcer disease: endoscopic results of the systematic investigation of gastrointestinal disease in China. Am J Gastroenterol, 2010;105(12):2570-7.
3.Lv, S.X., et al., Biopsy from the base of gastric ulcer may find gastric cancer earlier. Medical Hypotheses, 2011; 76(2):249-250.
4.Molloy, R.M., Sonnenberg A., Relation between gastric cancer and previous peptic ulcer disease. Gut, 1997;40(2): 247-252.
5.Dikshit, R.P., et al., Epidemiological review of gastric cancer in India. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol, 2011; 32(1): 3-11.
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16.Dorababu, M., et al., Effect of aqueous extract of neem (Azadirachta indica) leaves on offensive and diffensive gastric mucosal factors in rats. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol, 2006;50(3): 241-9.
17.Laine, L., K. Takeuchi, and A. Tarnawski, Gastric mucosal defense and cytoprotection: bench to bedside. Gastroenterology, 2008;135(1): 41-60.
Abbreviations: A, Control; B, Model; C, Cimetidine (0.04 g.kg -1.d-1); D, HTG-2-S (2.0 g.kg -1.d-1); E, HTG-2-S (0.5 g.kg -1.d-1); F, HTG-2-S (0.125 g.kg -1.d-1); G, HTG-2-P (2.0 g.kg -1.d-1); H, HTG-2-P (0.5 g.kg -1.d-1); I, HTG-2-P (0.125 g.kg -1.d-1).
Source of support: None
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015. Fu Wen-Juan, Chen Ju, Ke Jian, Yu Wen-Hui, Wang Lan-Ying, Wu Ding-Tao, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
Alyaa Hussein Hammadi1,*, Ali Abd-Alamer Jwad2, Ibrahim Adham Majeed3, Ehab Mudher Mikhael3
Affiliation:-
1Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital, Alqadisya, Iraq
2Lecturer of Otolaryngology, Department of General of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of AIqadisa, Al-Diwaniya, Iraq
3Clinical Pharmacy Department-College of Pharmacy- Baghdad University, Baghdad, Iraq
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of General of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of AIqadisa, Al-Diwaniya, Iraq
Author’s contributions:
Author 1 contributed towards concepts, design, literature survey, data acquisition, manuscript editing and preparation. Author 2& 3 contributed in Design, literature search and data acquisition.
Address reprint requests to
Alyaa H. Hammmdi.
Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital, Al-Diwaniya, Iraq
Article citation:
Hammmdi AH,Jwad AA,Majeed IA,Mikhae EM. The effectiveness, safety and cost of different intranasal steroid sprays in treating Iraqi patients with allergic rhinitis: A comparative study. J Pharm Biomed Sci.2015;05(01):61-66.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background: Allergic rhinitis is a common disease that associated with inflammation of the nasal airways resulting in symptoms of sneezing, nasal obstruction, and mucous discharge. Intranasal steroids are the first option for treatment of patients with mild – moderate AR. At which all available intranasal corticosteroids are safe and effective for this indication, differences in efficacy, side effects, and clinical attributes must be considered. So this study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy, safety and cost of different intranasal steroids (beclomethasone dipropinate, budesonide and mometasone furoate monohydrate) that available in Iraqi pharmacies for the treatment of allergic rhinitis patients.
Subjects & Methods: A randomized single blind clinical trial was done in Al-Diwaniya Teaching Hospital at ENT Unit at which sixty patients of both sexes with allergic rhinitis for at least 1 year were included in this study. The patients were divided into three groups with 20 patients in each group to receive either Beclomethasone dipropionate or mometasone furoate or Budesonide intranasal spray daily for 1 month. Clinical assessment of the allergic rhinitis is done by measuring symptom through the use of visual analog scales at beginning and at the end of the study. Blood samples of AR patients were collected at the beginning and at the end of the study to measure serum Immunoglublin E (IGE), Interleukin 5(IL5), Eocinophil cationic protein (ECP), Mast cell tryptase (MCT), T-Lymphocyte count.
Results: This study showed a non significant difference among intranasal steroids by their effect on lymphocyte count, IL5, MCT and ECP; however there was a significant difference in the effect of intranasal steroids on VAS, and IGE, at which VAS was significantly reduced by Beclomethasone; while IGE was significantly reduced by mometasone. Additionally there is a non significant difference in the topical side effects among all topical intranasal steroids. Furthermore there is a significantly higher monthly cost for the treatment of allergic rhinitis patients with mometasone nasal spray.
Conclusion: Beclomethasone dipropionate intranasal spray is an effective and cheap therapy when used for short periods for young adult allergic rhinitis patients without any risk from systemic side effects of steroids; while budesonide is a best alternative cheap therapy for Beclomethasone in allergic rhinitis with risk from systemic steroid side effects or who have compliance problems in using nasal steroids twice daily.
KEYWORDS: Allergic rhinitis; intranasal steroids; effectiveness, safety; cost.
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Copyright © 2015. Hammmdi AH,Jwad AA,Majeed IA,Mikhae EM. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.