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Research article
Arti Chopra1 DNB OBG, Nimarpreet Kaur2,* MD Physiology, Neeraj Aggarwal3 DNB Surgery, Hatinder Jeetsingh Sethi4 MD Internal Medicine
Affiliation:
1Consultant,Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Asian Multispecialty Hospital, Ludhiana 141002, Punjab, India
2Department of Physiology, SHKM, Govt Medical College, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana 122107, India
3Consultant Surgery, Asian Multispecialty Hospital, Ludhiana 141002, Punjab, India
4Consultant, Department of internal medicine, Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana 122001, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Asian Multispecialty Hospital, Ludhiana 141002, Punjab, India
2.SHKM, Govt Medical College, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana 122107, India
3. Medanta, The Medicity, Gurgaon, Haryana 122001, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Arti Chopra.
Consultant, Asian Multispecialty Hospital, Ludhiana 141002,Pumjab,India or
Dr. Nimarpreet Kaur.
SHKM, Govt Medical College, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana 122107, India
Article citation:
Chopra A, Kaur N, Aggarwal N, Sethi HJS. Endorette: A minimally invasive,cost effective & outpatient procedure for diagnosis of post menopausal bleeding. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(02):168-173. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: Menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menses that occur after the cessation of ovarian function, which usually occur after the age of forty. The significance of post menopausal bleeding whatever slight it may be, should not be underestimated. All women with post menopausal bleeding must be examined & investigated. Malignancy must be ruled out.
Aims & Objectives: To study the diagnostic accuracy of Endorette in women with post-menopausal bleeding in endometrial diseases.
Materials & Methods: This study was conducted on 40 patients who presented with post menopausal bleeding. Patients underwent endometrial biopsy using outpatient endometrial sampling device – Endorette.The results were statistically analysed.
Results: In our study a total of forty (40) Post menopausal women were evaluated. Endorette was not possible in three (3) patients out of forty (40) because the endorette cannula could not be advanced into the uterine cavity due to cervical stenosis. The failure rate of the endorette procedure was 7.5% in our study. It could be successfully completed in 92.5% patients. Endorette is carried out as an outpatient procedure requiring no anaesthesia ,cost effective and diagnostic tool.
Conclusion: Outpatient endometrial sampling with endorette should be the first step of investigation in women with post menopausal bleeding to rule out uterine cause.
KEYWORDS: Menopause post menopausal Bleeding; Endometrial biopsy; Endocurette.
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Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology, and Government of India to R.S
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Chopra A, Kaur N, Aggarwal N, Sethi HJS. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Mini review
Shubham Singh, Supraj Raja Sangam, Venkateswara Rao Joginapalli, Senthilkumar Rajagopal*
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, Nizam College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Zoology, Nizam College, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Senthilkumar Rajagopal.
Department of Zoology, Nizam College, Hyderabad, Telangana, INDIA
Article citation: Singh S, Sangam SR, Joginapalli VR, Rajagopal S. Alcohol-induced gastric inflammation. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(02):174-177. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Accumulating evident suggests that gastrointestinal systems (GI) is more vulnerable to the oxidative stress, exposure to Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and is a prospective diseases like fatty liver, cirrhosis, diarrhea, vomiting, and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). GI tract plays a particularly important role in the alcohol metabolism and absorption among the many other organ systems in the body. Alcohol/acetaldehyde is an oxidative stress inducer on gastric epithelial cells. Alcohol-induced damage to the mucosal lining of the stomach also increases the risk of gastric inflammation and gastric cancer. Moreover, increasing evidences suggests that investigating the important genes involving the gastric cancer are very intrigue. This article communicates the molecular aspects of gastritis and gastric cancer.
KEYWORDS: Alcohol, glycine; gut microbiota; inflammatory bowl diseases; reactive oxygen species.
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
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Source of funding: Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Science & Technology, and Government of India to R.S
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Singh S, Sangam SR, Joginapalli VR, Rajagopal S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Simarpreet V.Sandhu1., MDS, MAMS., Rajeev Tiwari2 ., MD., Preetinder Kaur3,*.,BDS., RamanPreet K Bhullar4., MDS., Rajat Bhandari5., MDS., Shivani Garg6.,BDS.
Affiliation:
1Professor and Head, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Ferozepur-Moga Road, Ferozepur-152001, Punjab, India
2Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Ferozepur-Moga Road, Ferozepur,152001, Punjab, India
3PG Student, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Ferozepur-Moga Road, Ferozepur-152001, Punjab, India
4,5Reader, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Ferozepur-Moga Road, Ferozepur-152001, Punjab, India
6PG Student, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Ferozepur-Moga Road, Ferozepur-152001, Punjab, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Ferozepur-Moga Road, Ferozepur-152001, Punjab, India
Address reprint requests to
* Preetinder Kaur.
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, Genesis Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Ferozepur-Moga Road, Ferozepur152001, Punjab, India
Article citation:
Sandhu SV, Tiwari R, Kaur P, Bhullar RamanPreet K, Bhandari R, Garg S. Antifungal activity of commonly used spices in indian households against oral candidiasis: An In vitro study. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015;05(02):160-165.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Background: The frequency of life-threatening infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms has increased worldwide. Due to the increasing development of drug resistance in human pathogens as well as the appearance of undesirable effect of certain antimicrobial agents, there is a need to search for new agents without toxicity and side effects. Research on antimicrobial effects of plants assumes certain importance because of fewer side effects and being economically cost effective.
Aim: To evaluate the anticandidal effects of alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon), Eugenia aromatica (clove) and Curcuma longa (turmeric).
Material & methods: Candida obtained from the palate of a denture wearing patient was inoculated on the Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) medium. Streaking was done on petri dishes containing SDA medium with respective plant extracts and which were incubated at 37°C for 48 hours. The anticandidal activity of the extracts and their potency was qualitatively assessed by the presence or absence of growth on the culture plates.
Results: The results showed that both alcoholic and aqueous plant extracts of clove and alcoholic extract of cinnamon exhibited inhibitory effect on candidal growth.
Conclusion: Plant extracts could be used as a good alternative to overcome the unavoidable side effects of available antifungals.
KEYWORDS: Antimicrobial; Candida; plant extracts; Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA).
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
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6.Atai Z, Atapour M, Mohseni M. Inhibitory effect of Ginger Extract on Candida Albicans. Am J Applied Sci.2009;6:1067-9.
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Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015. Sandhu Sv,Tiwari R,Kaur P,Bhullar RamanPreet K,Bhandari R,Garg S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
P.Vijayalakshmi* M.D (Microbiology)
Affiliation:
Department of Microbiology, Malla Reddy Medical College for Women, Suraram, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Microbiology, Malla Reddy Medical College for Women, Suraram, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr.P.Vijayalakshmi.
Professor & H.O.D
Department of Microbiology
Malla Reddy Medical College for Women
Suraram, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
Article citation: Vijayalakshmi P. Association of STD with HIV. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(02):166-167. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: Background: STDs such as genital ulcer disease and possibly chlamydia trachomatis genital infections, facilitate the sexual transmission of HIV infection, thus making STD clinic attenders potentially more susceptible to HIV transmission.
Objective:To determine the prevalence of HIV in STD patients.
Methods: Data was collected from 200 patients suffering from STDs for a period of one year.
Blood samples were collected from 100 normal, healthy, voluntary blood donors to serve as a control for the present study. The diagnosis of the various STDs was established by standard laboratory investigations done with blood, urine, cervical, vaginal and urethral swabs and exudates from the lesions.
The VDRL test was routinely performed on all the sera collected.
ELISA test was employed for HIV screening. The ELISA test was repeated in positive cases and confirmation was done by the Western Blot test, at the National Institute of Virology, Pune.
Results: Of the 20 reactive cases, 17 were found to be suffering from genital ulcerative disease, predominantly syphilis and chancroid .
Conclusion: HIV infection was found to be more in younger age groups, more in males than in females.
KEYWORDS: HIV; STD; Prevalence.
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Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Vijayalakshmi P. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Hosuru Subramanya Supram*, Binita Koirala, Anupriya Rani, Shashir Gokhale,
Dharma raj Bhatta
Affiliation:-
Department of Microbiology, Manipal College of Medical Science, Pokhara, Nepal
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Microbiology, Manipal College of Medical Science, Pokhara, Nepal
Address reprint requests to
Hosuru Subramanya Supram
Lecturer, Department of Medical Microbiology,
Manipal College of Medical Sciences, Pokhara, Nepal
Article citation:
Supram HS,Koirala B,Rani A, Gokhale S,Bhatta DR. Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in a tertiary care center at western Nepal: Five years retrospective study. J Pharm Biomed Sci.2015;05(02):154-159.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Parasitic infestations are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries like Nepal. It is an established fact that intestinal parasitic infections can lead to a number of adverse effects like anemia, reduced physical growth, abdominal colic, cholestasis, cholecystitis and pancreatitis. This study aims to assess the distribution pattern of intestinal parasites among patients attending Manipal Teaching Hospital.
Method: A retrospective study of results of stool samples analysis was carried out for intestinal parasite examination in a tertiary care Hospital, Pokhara. The records were collected from Microbiology Laboratory for a period of five years (2009 to 2013).
Result: Eight different types of parasites were encountered. The most common parasite Giardia lamblia, accounted for 140 (46.36%) followed by Entamoeba histolytica 53 (17.55%), Ancylostoma duodenale 30 (9.93%), Ascaris lumbricoides 22 (7.28%), Trichuris trichuria 22 (7.28%), Hymenolepsis nana 19 (6.29%), Taenia species9 (2.98%), and Strongyloides stercoralis 7 (2.32%). In our study the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection is low.
Conclusion: The notable finding from this study is the high prevalence of Giardiasis. Since parasitic infestations are important public health problem, it is necessary to develop effective prevention and control strategies including health education and environmental hygiene.
KEYWORDS: Intestinal parasites, parasitic infestations, western Nepal.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
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