DocumentsDate added
Original research article
Quebral, Elgin Paul B.† and Medina, Paul Mark B.*
Affiliation:
†MD-PhD in Molecular Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, Philippines
*Faculty, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Ermita, Manila, Philippines
Author contributions: Both authors contributed equally to this paper.
Address reprint requests to:
Medina, Paul Mark B.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, 1000 Manila, Philippines
Office Telephone/Fax: +632 526 0377; +632 526 4197
Article citation:
Quebral, EPB & Medina, PMB. Crude anthocyanin extract (CAE) from Ballatinao black rice hastens regeneration in Dugesia hymanae. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(02):147-153. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: Anthocyanins are a major group of flavonoids that have been examined for various medical and pharmacological applications. However, very few studies have explored the potential of anthocyanins for wound healing and regeneration. We investigated if a crude anthocyanin extract (CAE) from Ballatinao black rice (Oryza sativa L. tropical japonica) can affect regeneration in planarians (Dugesia hymanae). The planarians were transversely cut into two equal parts and were exposed to different concentrations of CAE. Our findings showed that 0.5 μg/ml and 5.0 μg/ml of CAE significantly shortened regeneration time of missing anterior portions of cut planarians by 7.7% (p<0.05). Additionally, 0.5 μg/ml and 5.0 μg/ml of CAE shortened regeneration time of missing posterior portions of cut planarians by 22.4% and 31.3% (p<0.05), respectively. However, 50.0 μg/ml CAE induced lesions in regenerating planarians and was eventually shown to be lethal. Since CAE was able to reduce regeneration time in planarians, CAE may have a therapeutic application in hastening wound healing.
KEYWORDS: Anthocyanin; Ballatinao black rice; Dugesia hymanae; planarian; regeneration; wound healing.
Statement of Originality of Work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
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Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Quebral EPB & Medina PMB. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Vaishali D. Kotasthane1,*, Dhananjay S Kotasthane1, G Koteeswaran1,Alok Mohanty2
Affiliation:
1Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry -607402, India
2Department of General Surgery, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry -607402, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute,SBV University, Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry -607402, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr Vaishali D. Kotasthane, MD(Pathology),
Assistant professor, Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Pillaiyarkuppam, Puducherry-607402. India
Article citation: Kotasthane VD, Kotasthane DS, Koteeswaran G, Mohanty A. Clinicopathological study of colorectal tumors: A four year study in a rural tertiary care hospital in South India. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(02):139-146. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: Background: Colorectal tumors are thought to be comparatively uncommon in developing countries like India. Recent studies showed steady increase in incidence of colorectal cancers for developing countries. Aims: The aim of the present study was to evaluate histological types of colorectal tumors with respect to demographic data like age, gender distribution, anatomical site and grading.
Material and methods: This was a descriptive study of colorectal biopsies/specimens from May 2008 to May 2012 carried out in Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, a tertiary care hospital in Pondicherry. Relevant information like age, sex, site and clinical features was noted.
Statistical method: The data compiled was analyzed for demographic and biographical details like age, sex, site, clinical features, gross findings and light microscopic histopathological diagnosis. Descriptive analysis were reported as mean and standard deviation of continuous variables. Unpaired t test and chi-square test were used and value of p<0.05 was taken as statistically significant.
Results and conclusions: Total 68 colorectal tumors were observed, representing 6.7% of all tumors during study period. Out of these, 60.3% were malignant. Rectal carcinomas predominated over colonic carcinomas. For Colorectal carcinomas (CRCs), mean age at presentation was 61.8 years in males and 50.8 years in females which was significantly lower (p=0.0012) with Adenocarcinoma-NOS as commonest subtype. Early age at presentation in females, suggests that colonoscopic screening will be useful for early detection. Quantitative estimates of this study are of interest for future population-based studies and are potentially useful for targeting screening colonoscopy programmes.
KEYWORDS: Colorectal tumors; Adenocarcinomas; Polyps;Adenomas.
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Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Kotasthane VD, Kotasthane DS, Koteeswaran G, Mohanty A. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Swarupjit Ghata1,*, Dharmendra Dugar2, Ranjit Kumar Mishra3, Ramji Khetri2,Tim Houghton T1
Affiliation:
1Third Year P.G Student, 2Associate professor, 3Professor and Head , Department of General Surgery, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of General Surgery, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr.Swarupjit Ghata,
Third Year P.G Student,
Department of General Surgery, Hi-Tech Medical College and Hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
Article citation: Ghata S, Dugar D, Mishra R K, Khetri R, Tim HT. Study of port site complications in laparoscopic surgeries. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(02):134-138. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: Background: The approach to surgical treatment underwent a paradigm shift in 1987. Mouret performed the first human laparoscopic cholecystectomy in France in 1987 and now has become the gold standard treatment for patients suffering from cholelithiasis. Laparoscopic surgery became the standard care for many gynecological and surgical conditions with documented benefits and excellent outcome. In addition to the general complications of surgery and anesthesia, laparoscopy has unique complications relating to abdominal entry and surgical instrumentation. The early innovators and early adopters have identified such risks and complications associated with such procedures and analyzed them.
Material & method: It is a prospective study on complications of the port site in laparoscopic surgeries. The data collection for our study included patients from Hi-Tech medical college and hospital, Bhubaneswar, Odisha during the period June 2012- December 2014. All the complications encountered while creating ports in laparoscopic surgeries were studied. Complications related to faulty techniques and due to human error were taken into account and studied.
Results: In our study 100 different patients posted for laparoscopic surgeries in Hi-Tech medical college and hospital were studied to evaluate the port site complications in laparoscopic surgeries. In our study, out of 100 patients, 55 were male and 45 were female. Out of the 100 patients, there were 9 patients who had complications. Highest number of complications was seen in patients of 60 to 79 years of age. Thus, it was inferred that old patients who already had less immunity and who were suffering from other co-morbid conditions were at increased risk of complications from laparoscopic surgeries. Out of the 9 complications, 7 were post-operative, 1 occurred while maintaining the port during surgery and 1 occurred while creating port.
Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery introduces to the new set of risks such as trocar injury, cardiovascular problems and damage to the bowel and major vessels that are rarely if ever encountered in open surgeries. Laparoscopic surgeries by inexperienced surgeons should be discouraged. All the training institutes should have a protocol to train, access, accredit the trained. All the surgeries should be recorded and analyzed to identify the cause of the complications noted and ways to avoid them. Working with a team makes a good sense.
KEYWORDS: Laparoscopy [Lap]; Port site complications; Trocar injury; bowel injury; vessel injury.
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Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Ghata S, Dugar D, Mishra R K, Khetri R, Tim HT. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Case report
Lakshmi Kant Pathak.1,*, MD, MRCP, FACP, Chirag Chavda2.,MD, Mohamed Mohamed,1,±, MD, Vimala Vijayaraghavan3, MD
Affiliation:
1,*,±Sanford Medical Center, University of North Dakota, Fargo, USA
2Methodist Health system, Dallas, USA
3Caribbean Medical University, Chicago, USA
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Sanford Medical Center, University Of North Dakota, Fargo, USA
2.Methodist Health system, Dallas, USA
3.Caribbean Medical University, Chicago, USA
Address reprint requests to
Dr Lakshmi Kant Pathak, MD, MRCP, FACP
Sanford Medical Center, University of North Dakota, Fargo, USA
Article citation:
Pathak LK,Chavda C,Mohamed M,Vijayaraghavan V. The idiom, laughter is the best medicine is not always true. Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy precipitated by positive emotion, recurrence in the patient. Understanding the facts and review of literature. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(02):131-133. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy is a rare but well described entity. The disease is also known as stress induced cardiomyopathy or apical ballooning syndrome. As the name implies, it is usually but not always associated with an antecedent stressful event. Almost all cases of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy are triggered by negative stressors such as anger, grief, and anxiety. Some cases are triggered by physical exertion. Complete recovery is the most common outcome and recurrence is very rare. It is also called broken heart syndrome.
It mimics acute coronary syndrome and the correct diagnosis is based on angiographic finding of apical ballooning in the absence of significant coronary obstruction.
This article reports a unique case of recurrence of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy not described before triggered by a positive emotion in the same patient. To our knowledge, this is the only case report of recurrence twice following positive emotion as the trigger in the same patient. This patient condition on the contrary can be called "happy heart syndrome" or may be “laughter disaster”.
The patient had an uneventful course following both episodes.
The article also reviews briefly the literature available on etiology, pathogenesis andprognosis..
KEYWORDS: Takotsubo cardiomyopathy; recurrence; positive emotions; LV dysfunction.
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
REFERENCES
1."Happiness" and stress cardiomyopathy (apical ballooning syndrome/Takotsubo syndrome) Int J Cardiol. 2014;172(1):e182-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2013.12.140. Epub 2014 Jan 4.
2.Takotsubo cardiomyopathy or transient left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome: A systematic review. Pilgrim TM, Wyss TR. Int J Cardiol. Mar 14 2008; 124(3):283-92.
3.Singh K, Carson K, Usmani Z, et al. Systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence and correlates of recurrence of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Int J Cardiol. Jul 1 2014; 174(3):696-701.
4.Kawai S, Kitabatake A, Tomoike H. Guidelines for diagnosis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy. Circ J. Jun 2007; 71(6):990-2.
Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Pathak LK, Chavda C, Mohamed M, Vijayaraghavan V. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Hitesh R Ahir1,* Parimal H Patel1,†, Alka B Nerurkar1,¥
Affiliation:
1,*Tutor, 1,†Assistant Professor, 1,¥Professor and Head of Department, Department of Microbiology, GMERS, Medical College, Valsad, Gujarat, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Microbiology, GMERS, Medical College, Valsad, Gujarat, India
Address reprint requests to
Hitesh R Ahir*
Department of Microbiology, GMERS, Medical College, Valsad, Gujarat, India
Article citation: Ahir HR, Patel PH, Nerurkar AB. Intestinal Parasitic Infections in Patients attending Tertiary Care Hospital, Valsad, south Gujarat, India: A retrospective study. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(02):117-121. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Intestinal parasitic infections are widely prevalent in developing countries due to poor sanitation and inadequate personal hygiene. They are responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality.
Aim: The study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of Intestinal Parasitic Pathogens amongst patients attending a tertiary care hospital in district valsad, Gujarat.
Materials and Methods: Stool samples from 291 patients which included 120 females and 171 males were collected and screened using conventional saline and iodine wet mount and examined by direct microscopy.
Results: In our study the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was found to be 13.40%. E.histolytica (45.23%) and A. duodenale ( 26.19%) were the commonest parasites isolated, followed by A lumbricoides (11.90%), S stercoralis (11.90%) and Hymenolepis nana (4.76%). Infection rate was highest in females (15 %) than males (12.28%).The infestation was higher in the 21-30 years age group as compared to others. Multiple parasitic infection are detected in three stool samples(7%).
Conclusion: Helminthic infections are more common than protozoal. The present study reports that intestinal parasitic infection is prevalent in this area and this study also indicate the usefulness and easy to perform stool examination at very low cost.
KEYWORDS: Intestinal parasitic infections.
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Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Ahir HR, Patel PH, Nerurkar AB. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.