DocumentsDate added
Original article
Satwant Kaur1,*, Harjinder Singh2, Kumud Bala Gupta3, Anupa Sood4, Swaran Kaur5
Affiliation:
1Associate Professor, M.M. Medical College & Hospital, Kumarhatti Solon(HP),India
2Assistant Professor, M.M. Medical College & Hospital, Kumarhatti Solon(HP),India
3Professor & Head Department of OBG Department, M.M. Medical College & Hospital, Kumarhatti Solon(HP),India
4Professor, M.M. Medical College & Hospital, Kumarhatti Solon(HP),India
5Professor & Head of Pathology Department in BPSGMC Khanpur-Sonepat(Haryana),India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.M.M. Medical College & Hospital, Kumarhatti Solon(HP),India
2.BPSGMC Khanpur-Sonepat (Haryana),India
Address reprint requests to
* Dr Satwant Kaur
Flat no. 228/J Spangle Condos, Dhakoli SAS Nagar Mohali, Punjab: 160104
Article citation: Kaur S, Singh H, Gupta KB, Sood A, Kaur S. Diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain (CPP):USG V/S DL. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(06):516-518. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Objective: To find out the correlation between two modalities i.e. USG and DL used in diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain.
Method: One hundred women with chronic pelvic pain attending Gynae OPD were included. They were examined clinically and subjected to USG and DL.
Results: Among the 78 patients with abnormal findings on laparoscopy only 45 had positive USG findings. Though USG had a higher sensitivity for ovarian cysts, laparoscopy was more predictive for other positive findings.
Conclusion: Diagnostic laparoscopy is more sensitive method for diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain.
KEYWORDS: Pelvic Pain; Laparoscopy; Ultrasonography; Chronic pelvic pain; USG; Gynaecological.
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Majority of the information gathered are from media sources which don’t reflect the author’s own opinion.
Copyright © 2015 Kaur S, Singh H, Gupta KB, Sood A, Kaur S. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Kawkab Abdulla Al-Saadi1,*, Hassan Fadhil Naji2, Ali Hmood Al-Saadi2,
Adnan Hashim Muhammed Ali3
Affiliation:
1University of Karbala, College of Sciences, Department of Biology, Iraq
2University of Babylon, College of Sciences, Department of Biology, Iraq
3Al-Hussein hospital, Ear Nose Throat (ENT) unit, Iraq
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1. University of Karbala, College of Sciences, Department of Biology, Iraq
2. University of Babylon, College of Sciences, Department of Biology, Iraq
3. Al-Hussein hospital, Ear Nose Throat (ENT) unit, Iraq
Address reprint requests to
*Kawkab Abdulla Al-Saadi.
University of Karbala, College of Sciences, Department of biology, Iraq
Article citation: Al-Saadi KA, Naji HS, Al-Saadi AH, Muhammed Ali AH. Detection and identification of Streptococcus pyrogenes es from ENT patients by different methods. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(06):480-486. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes ) is a Gram-positive bacterium tainting the upper respiratory tract, such as the tonsils and pharynx, and it also induces post-infection diseases such as rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis. The study aim was to compare between different methods for detection and identification of S. pyogenes from Ear, nose and throat (ENT) patients. A total of 10 (ten) S. pyogenes strains were analyzed, these were recovered from throat cultures of 150 patients with (ENT). Identification of bacteria carry out depending on the conventional biochemical tests, Strepto System 9R, using universal PCR primer, followed by RFLP, and finally amplification of the specific genes which included spy 1258 and dnase B. The molecular methods shows, that all S. pyogenes isolates contains dnase B and Spy 1258 genes and found to be absent in the non pyogenic streptococci.
KEYWORDS: PCR; Group A Streptococcus; RFLP; dnaseB; spy1258; 16S rRNA.
References:
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Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Al-Saadi KA, Naji HS, Al-Saadi AH, Muhammed Ali AH. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original Research
Renu Nagar*
Affiliation:
Head of Biochemistry & Point of care in a SEHA Hospital, Abu Dhabi, UAE
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
SEHA Hospital, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Address reprint requests to
* Dr Renu Nagar
dr.renunagar@yahoo.com
Article citation: Nagar R. Delivering quicker reports for laboratory tests ordered in emergency departments. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015;05(06):505-515. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Prolonged turnaround time (TAT) of STAT emergency samples is the single most common cause of complaints about laboratory services all over the world. While the clinicians understandably desire quicker results for quicker clinical decisions affecting clinical outcomes, course and cost of treatment of these very sick patients; pathologists are frustrated by the unrealistic expectations of clinicians, excessive load of unnecessary STAT orders and delays outside laboratories affecting their TAT. This study was planned to find ways to improve TAT of emergency samples with the aim of quicker diagnosis, shorter stay in emergency, improved efficiencies of Emergency department (ED) and Laboratory (Lab), reducing hospital costs and improving patient experience. It was found that causes for delays most often lay outside lab. The remedy lay in correcting certain practices such as leaving drawn samples on bedside before transportation, drawing samples long after logging in Hospital information system, snags in Pnuematic tube system and delayed answering of lab calls in ED informing about critical results. Unnecessary ordering of tests as STAT increased the work load in lab. Other unexpected reasons for prolonged TAT were: non-cancellation of orders for rejected samples but waiting for arrival of a redrawn sample; and placing of future STAT orders for patients admitted from Emergency department. While the former resulted in prolonged Lab time, the latter resulted in prolonged Sample draw time and transport time as the hospital uses Pneumatic tube system for ED samples, but courier system for wards samples.
KEYWORDS: Emergency department (ED); Critical test; STAT tests; Critical result; Turnaround time (TAT); Length of stay; SWOT analysis; Root cause analysis; Fish bone diagram; Process mapping, PDCA; Efficiency of ED; Lab efficiency.
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Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by the author, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author has no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Nagar R. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Dakshita Joy Sinha1, Agrima Vasudeva2,*, Owais Gowhar2,¥ , Paridhi Garg2,¥,Ashish Sinha1,±, Prem Prakash2
Affiliation:
1Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kothiwal Dental College and Research centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh-244001, India
2PG student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh-244001, India
2,¥PG student, Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh-244001, India
1,±Reader, Department of Pedodontics, Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh-244001, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Kothiwal Dental College and research centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh-244001, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Agrima Vasudeva*.
PG student, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Kothiwal dental college and research centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh-244001 or at agvasu2000@yahoo.com
Article citation:
Sinha DJ, Vasudeva A, Gowhar O, Garg P, Sinha A, Prakash P. Comparison of antimicrobial efficacy of Propolis, Azadirachta indica (Neem), Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea tree oil), Curcuma longa (Turmeric) and 5% Sodium hypochlorite on Candida albicans biofilm formed on tooth substrate: An in-vitro study. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(06):469-474. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Aim: To determine the antimicrobial efficacy of Propolis, Azadirachta indica (Neem), Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea tree oil) ,Curcuma longa(Turmeric) and 5% Sodium hypochlorite on Candida albicans biofilm.
Materials and methods: Extracted human mandibular premolars were biomechanically prepared, vertically sectioned, placed in tissue culture wells exposing the root canal surface to C. albicans grown on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar to form a biofilm. At the end of 2 days, all groups were treated with test solutions and control for 10 min and evaluated for Candida growth and number of colony forming units were calculated. The readings were subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: Sodium hypochlorite and propolis groups exhibited highest antimicrobial efficacy against C. albicans with no statistically significant difference. It was followed by Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea tree oil), Curcuma longa(turmeric) group. A.india (Neem) had limited antifungal action followed by the negative control group of saline. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, propolis can be used as an effective antifungal agent similar to that of sodiumhypochlorite, although long-term in vivo studies are warranted.
KEYWORDS: Antimicrobial efficacy; Azadirachta indica; Candida albicans; Curcuma longa; Melaleuca alternifolia; propolis.
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Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Competing interest/Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Sinha DJ, Vasudeva A, Gowhar O, Garg P, Sinha A, Prakash P. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article
Nagaraj B Malipatil1,*, Kiran M Haridas1, Shruthi D Prithvi2
Affiliation:
1Clinical Pharmacologist, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
2Former Post-graduate, Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, DayanandSagar College of Dental Sciences, Bangalore - 560078, Karnataka, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Nagaraj B Malipatil.
Clinical Pharmacologist,
Bangalore, Karnataka, India
Article citation:
Malipatil NB, Haridas KM, Shruthi DP. Biosimilars and regulations: A review. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(06):453-468. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT:
Currently, all biologics in India, including innovative and bioequivalent biologics (also known as similar biologics in India), are approved as new drugs. Recently in 2012, the Department of Biotechnology (DBT) and Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) issued the “guidelines on similar biologics”. The guidance outlined an abridged procedure for the regulatory requirements for marketing authorization of similar biologics in India.
Due to limited R & D capabilities, most domestic companies manufacture simple biologics. However, companies have increasingly begun to shift their focus to the development of both novel and copy versions of monoclonal antibodies and second-generation biologics, which though more expensive and complex to develop can be priced at a premium, and compete in a much less crowded market than that faced by first-generation biologics.
A number of factors facilitate the development and uptake of Biosimilars in India. Poor patent enforcement in India provides opportunities for domestic biologics manufacturers, while publicprivate sector partnerships promote biologics development. Since there are less stringent regulatory requirements and low R&D costs, domestic biologics are priced much lower in India compared to originators, further driving uptake, as well as offering huge potential for contract manufacturing of biosimilars and for exports. Domestic companies are also entering into partnerships to facilitate development of biologics for the Indian and global market.
However, despite the low price of Biosimilars compared to originator brands, the domestic market is restricted by limited health insurance coverage and therefore poor access to biologic drugs. Also, issues regarding the quality and safety of some domestically manufactured biologics remain a concern among patients and physicians.
KEYWORDS: Biosimilars; Biologics; Regulations; Similar biologic.
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Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Copyright © 2015 Malipatil NB, Haridas KM, Shruthi DP. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.