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Original article
Shetgar Anupama1, Patil Brijesh2, Anandi Vinut3 ,Gill Kanwarpal Singh4
Affiliation:
1Assistant Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, 2Associate Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, 3Resident, Department of Ophthalmology,4Resident, Department of Ophthalmology S.Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Ophthalmology S.Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India
Abstract:
Aim: To determine the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors predisposing to infective keratitis in Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.
Methods: All patients with suspected infective keratitis attending ophthalmology outpatient department at Hanagal Shri Kumareshwar hospital from First of October 2014 were accessed. Sociodemographic data and risk factors were recorded. Corneal scrapings and samples were sent for microbiological assessment.
Results: In 3 month period 50 cases with infective keratitis were documented and accessed. 64% males being the majority with middle aged working population as prime section.
65% had predisposing trauma as history with 43% attended hospital within 1st week of event.76% sought medical help. Among them 52% had fungal pathogen, 43% had bacterial pathogen, 5% had mixed aetiological agents.
Conclusion: Infective keratitis being the commonest cause for corneal opacity, most oftenly occurs after an episode of trauma with agricultural products or tools.
KEYWORDS: Infective keratitis; Risk factors; Health facility; Bagalkot.
REFERENCES
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9.Basak S,Basak S,Mohanta A, Bhowmick A. Epidemiological and Microbiological diagnosis of suppurative keratitis in gangetic west Bengal,Eastern india.Indian J Ophthalmol 2005;53:17-22.
Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Majority of the information gathered are from media sources which don’t reflect the author’s own opinion.
Copyright © 2015 Shetgar A, Patil B, Anandi B,Gill KS. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Pedapati Kasturi.* MD, Oruganti Satyanarayana¥. MD., DLO.
Address reprint requests to
* Dr. PEDAPATI. KASTURI, MD
Assistant professor, Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, GGH Campus, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh. PIN: 533001, India
Affiliation:
*Assistant Professor, ¥Associate Professor, Department of Microbiology, Rangaraya Medical College, GGH Campus Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Rangaraya Medical College /Government General Hospital, Kakinada, East Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Research article
Moumita Mondal1,*, Swamya Soman1,*, Renukaradhya K. Math1,§
Affiliation:
1,*Master of Science in Biotechnology, §Ph.D Department of Biotechnology, Garden City College, 16 KM, Old Madras Road, Bangalore-560049, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Biotechnology, Garden City College, 16 KM, Old Madras Road, Bangalore-560049, India
Address reprint requests to
* Renukaradhya K. Math.
Department of Biotechnology, Garden City College, 16 KM, Old Madras Road, Bangalore-560049, India
*Moumita and Swamya contributed equally
Article citation: Mondal M, Soman S, Math RK. Evaluation Of antibacterial activity Of methanol and acetone extracts (different parts) of moringa oleifera and hibiscus rosasinensis. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(07):532-538. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: Methanol and acetone extract of two plant genus; Moringa oleifera and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis was carried out to identify the particular part of plant having antibacterial activities and also analyze phytochemicals constituents. Crude extracts were tested for antibacterial activity with concentrations of 200 and 300μg/ml. Acetone extracts of Moringa oleifera seed (MOS) and Moringa oleifera fruit pulp (MOFP) showed significant antibacterial activity against test organisms; for S.aureus, P.aeroginosa at 20 μg/ml and for E.coli, and S.typhi at 300μg/ml. While, methanol extracts of MOS and MOFP also shown activity against test organism except against S.typhi at 300μg/ml. Meanwhile, among Hibiscus rosa-sinensis leaf (HRL), Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower petal (HRFP) and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flower clayx (HRFC), only HRFC of acetone and methanol extracts shown significant activity at 300 μg/ml against S.aureus, E.coli and P.aeroginosa but no activity was shown against S.typhi. Surprisingly, methanol and acetone extracts of leaf extracts from both the plants did not show any activity on test organism. Subsequently, phytochemical analysis of acetone extracts supposed that compounds like, methionine, moringine, nitriles, isothiocynate, thiocarbonates and saponins might be involved in inhibiting the bacterial growth. Thus, seeds and pulp of M. oleifera & calyx of H. rosa-sinensis can be used as potential sources to extract antimicrobial agents possessing medicinal values.
KEYWORDS: Moringa oleifera; Hibiscus rosa-sinensis; organic solvents; antimicrobial activity; phytochemicals.
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Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: Garden City Education Trust, Bangalore-560049, India
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Majority of the information gathered are from media sources which don’t reflect the author’s own opinion.
Copyright © 2015 Mondal M, Soman S,Math RK. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Amar Nagesh Kumar1,*, Uppala Satyanarayana2, Jupalle Nagaiah Naidu1, Krishnan Ramalingam1, Medabalmi Anitha3
Affiliation:
1Department of Biochemistry, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
2Research Director and Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Dr Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences, Chinaoutapalli, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
3Professor and Head, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Biochemistry, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India.
2.Department of Biochemistry, Dr Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences, Chinaoutapalli, Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.
3. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Narayana Medical College and Hospital, Chinthareddypalem, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
Address reprint requests to
Amar Nagesh Kumar
PhD scholar,
Department of Biochemistry, Narayana Medical College, Chinthareddypalem Nellore, Andhra Pradesh, India
Article citation: Kumar AN, Satyanarayana U, Naidu JN, Ramalingam K, Anitha M. Comparison of lipid profile, thyroid profile, glycaemic status, sex hormonal levels, 25–OH vitamin D and oxidative stress status in obese and non obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome before and after treatment with metformin. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015;05(07):572-582. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder characterized by chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, multiple small subcapsular cystic follicles in the ovary. PCOS is associated with metabolic abnormalities-insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, besides increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Earlier, it was believed that only obese women are susceptible to PCOS. Recent evidence shows that many non obese women are also developing PCOS.
Aims and Objectives: The objectives of the study were to measure the anthropometric, biochemical, hormonal profile and status of oxidative stress among obese and non obese PCOS women of reproductive age group in our population. Further, to observe any significant changes in the above parameters among obese and non obese PCOS women early in its course. To observe changes with respect to clinical, biochemical, and endocrine function in obese and non obese PCOS women after treatment with Metformin.
Materials and Methods: The study was divided into 2 phases. Phase I study includes recruitment of 75 healthy control women as group 1 (controls) and 150 women with PCOS, divided into two sub groups obese (group 2) and non obese (group 3) depending on body mass index (BMI) (≥ or ≤ 25.10 kg/m2). All the subjects in three groups were age matched. Serum lipid profile, fasting glucose, fasting insulin levels, thyroid profile, gonadotropin hormones, 25-OH vitamin D, calcium and phosphorous levels and oxidative stress status were measured. In phase II study same parameters done in phase I of the study were reassessed in group 2 and group 3 patients after treatment with metformin. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software 20.0.
Results: High serum fasting glucose and insulin levels, high cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL and low HDL levels were found in both obese and non obese PCOS when compared to control women. Similarly lower FSH level, higher LH levels and LH/FSH ratio were reported in both obese and non obese PCOS women compared to controls. Mild hyperprolactinaemia was found in the both obese and non obese PCOS women when compared to controls, in phase I of the study. In phase II study, both obese and non obese PCOS women showed significant reduction with respect to biochemical parameters (lipid profile, glycaemic status, vitamin D), oxidative stress status, and normal gonadotropin levels (LH, FSH, Testosterone) when compared to healthy controls.
Conclusion: Metformin treatment in both obese and non obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome was associated with improved insulin levels, decreased insulin resistance, decreased hyperandrogenemia, and reduced oxidative stress status.
KEYWORDS: Metformin; Obese PCOS; Non obese PCOS; Insulin resistance; Dyslipidaemia; Oxidative stress; Gonadotropins.
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Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Majority of the information gathered are from media sources which don’t reflect the author’s own opinion.
Copyright © 2015 Kumar AN, Satyanarayana U, Naidu JN, Ramalingam K, Anitha M. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
O. C. Akanji1,* and M. A. Sonibare2
Affiliation:
1Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria.
2Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1.Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria
2.Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
Address reprint requests to
* O. C. Akanji.
Department of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba Akoko, Nigeria
Article citation: Akanji OC, Sonibare MA. Effect of Erythrophleum Suaveolens (Guill. & Perr.) Brenan on normal and infected wounds. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(07):519-523. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: Aim of study: To investigate dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of methanolic extract of Erythrophleum suaveolens stem-bark for normal wound healing and infected wound healing using excision wound model in Wistar rats as a follow up to an initial study of crude extract.
Methods: Local infection was introduced into rat abdominal wounds with Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using a 108 cells/ml inoculum. Rate of wound healing was assessed by wound contraction and period of epithelization.
Results: The aqueous fraction treated wounds were found to epithelize faster and the rate of wound contraction was significantly increased as compared to control wounds. The test drug achieved 100% wound contraction on day 14 in normal wounds, on day 12 in Staphylococcus aureus wounds and on day 14 in Pseudomonas aeruginosa wounds.
Conclusions: The results indicated that the aqueous fraction of Erythrophleum suaveolens stem-bark promotes wound healing significantly and proves to be a potential ant-infective agent.
KEYWORDS: Wound healing; epithelization; Erythrophleum Suaveolens; infection; excision wound.
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