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Research article
Jenan Nadhim Sadeq*
Affiliation:
Microbiology and Parasitology Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Microbiology and Parasitology Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
Address reprint requests to
* Jenan Nadhim Sadeq.
Microbiology and Parasitology Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
Article citation:
Sadeq JN. Detection important virulence factor (Cytolethal distending toxin gene) in Campylobacter jejuni from chicken by real-time PCR Technique. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015; 05(08):632-637. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: Campylobacteriosis is a globally extended distributed zoonotic diseases, cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) is one of the main virulence elements related to Campylobacter jejuni pathogenesis in human and animal species. The contamination of poultry carcasses in slaughterhouses and consequent consumption or handling of raw or undercooked meat is most significant risk factors. In this study we used Real-Time PCR based SYBER Green dye amplification as advance molecular technique in direct detection cytolethal distending toxin gene in genomic DNA that extracted from broiler chicken stool samples, the specific primers was designed in this study by using NCBI-Gen Bank data base and primer 3 plus. Real-time PCR results were show high occurrence of Campylobacter jejuni that carrying virulence factor (Cytolethal distending toxin) in stool samples of broiler chicken. Out of 50 chicken stool samples (41) positive samples at (82%). In conclusion the present study was concluded that shedding of C. jejuni that contains to cytolethal distending toxin (CDT) contributed very important risk factors to public health, use of Real-Time PCR technique is fast and very specific molecular technique.
KEYWORDS: Real-Time PCR technique, Campylobacter jejuni, chicken, cytolethal distending toxin, SYBER Green dye.
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Statement of Originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding : None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Majority of the information gathered are from media sources which don’t reflect the author’s own opinion.
Copyright © 2015 Sadeq JN. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
Rathi S1,*, Bikash R. Meher1,¥, Revathy Saravanan1,£, Narayanan K1,£, Dipali Murkerjee1,€
Affiliation:
1,*M.D Pharmacology, 1,¥M.D Pharmacology, Associate professor, 1,£M.D Pharmacology, Professor,1,€M.D Pharmacology, HOD & Professor Sri Venkashwaraa Medical College & RC, Pondicherry, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Sri Venkashwaraa Medical College & RC, Pondicherry, India
Address reprint requests to
* S.Rathi.
No.2, Srinivasa Nagar,1st Main Road, Kolathur, Chennai -600099., India
Article citation: Rathi S, Meher BR, Revathy S, Narayanan K, Mukerjee D. A cross sectional study to assess knowledge and attitude towards Pneumococcal vaccination among undergraduate medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital of South India. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015;05(08):690-697. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: Objectives: To assess the knowledge and attitude of pneumococcal vaccine status among final year undergraduate medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital.
Methodology: A structured pre-tested questionnaire was distributed among 130 undergraduate medical students after obtaining their informed consent. The questionnaire comprised of 20 questions divided into three sections consisting of 11, 6 and 3 questions to test knowledge, attitude and awareness respectively. The collected data was entered into an excel sheet. Descriptive analysis of the data was done using SSPS version 18.
Results: Among 130 students, 55(42.30 percent) were male and 75(57.70 percent) were female.Response rate for the study was 100 percent.
In knowledge questions, 40 percent participants obtained low score (< 5), 50 percent participants had moderate score (6-8) and 10 percent participants obtained high score (9-11). Girls had better knowledge and attitude when compared with boys and were statistically significant.
Conclusion: This study results conclude that almost 95.4 percent of students were aware of pneumococcal vaccine. The major source of awareness for students was medical books. This study also suggests that knowledge of pneumococcal vaccine was moderate among the participants, so there is a need for educational intervention to enhance their knowledge regarding pneumococcal vaccine.
KEYWORDS: Pneumonia, Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, Medical students, invasive pneumococcal disease.
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17.Mui L W H, Chan A Y S, et al. Cross-Sectional Study on Attitudes among General Practitioners towards Pneumococcal Vaccination for Middle-Aged and Elderly Population in Hong Kong. PLOS ONE. November 2013 | Volume 8 | Issue 11 | e78210.
Presentation at a meeting:
Organisation: ISRPTCON, 2014
Place: Pondicherry
Date: 21.11.2014
Source of funding: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Majority of the information gathered are from media sources which don’t reflect the author’s own opinion.
Copyright © 2015 Rathi S, Meher BR, Saravanan R, Narayanan K, Mukerjee D. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Review article
Vivek Gautam1, Swyeta Jain Gupta 2, Amit Gupta3*
Affiliation:
1 MDS,Prosthodontics (Private practitioner), Gautam Multispeciality Dental Clinic,P N Plaza Complex, Below Bank Of India, Sigra, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
2MDS, Periodontics, ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
3MDS,Oral and maxillofacial pathology, ITS Dental College, Hospital and Research Center, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
ITS Centre for Dental Studies and Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr.Amit Gupta. MDS
ITS Dental College, Hospital and Research Center, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
Article citation: Gautam, V., Gupta, S.J., Gupta, A. An interpretive purview of obstructive sleep apnea. J Pharm Biomed Sci. 2015;05(08):698-704. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT: Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) includes a spectrum of conditions, the most severe of which is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, awareness regarding diagnostic options, management, and consequences of untreated OSA remains inadequate. Untreated OSA leads to excessive daytime sleepiness, diminished performance, and an overall poor quality of life. The role of OSA in promoting insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, hypertension, and a procoagulant state has now been established. With newer modes of treatment it is hoped that patient’s compliance and the quality of life will improve. Since OSA is common, it has considerable effects upon patients and their families; it increases the risk of other diseases, and can be effectively treated. It is important to improve the way these patients are diagnosed. In this review, we have attempted to summarize the current understanding regarding the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and therapeutic options for patients with OSA.
KEYWORDS: obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome; obstructive sleep apnea; polysomnography; obese.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Majority of the information gathered are from media sources which don’t reflect the author’s own opinion.
Copyright © 2015 Gautam V, Gupta SJ, Gupta A. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.