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Name | Detection, semi-quantification and morphology of oral spirochetes in chronic periodontitis – A light microscopic study. |
Description | Original article:-Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Babji Deepa1, Bhat Kishore2*,Nayak Ramakant3 & Ingalgi Preeti4
1Senior lecturer Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Maratha Mandal’s NGH Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka,India. 2Professor and Head, Department Microbiology Maratha Mandal’s NGH Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka, India. 3Professor and Head Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology Maratha Mandal’s NGH Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka,India,4Lecturer, Department of Microbiology Maratha Mandal’s NGH Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka,India.
Abstract:- Introduction: Spirochetes play a definitive role in the aetiology of periodontitis. Morphologically they are classified as small, intermediate and large based on their diameter. Different methods have been developed to detect and quantify spirochetes which include microbial culture, immunological assays, enzymatic methods and molecular biology. Immunological methods have the disadvantage of cross reactivity: Enzymatic and molecular methods are expensive. Microscopy such as Fontana staining is one method that can be used in a laboratory set up with minimum cost and also yields useful information about oral spirochetes. Aim: Detection and semi quantification of spirochetes in chronic periodontitis (CP) patients and healthy individuals using Fontana stain. Material and Methods: The subgingival plaque samples were collected from 50 healthy individuals and 50 CP patients using sterile curette in 100µl of reduced transport fluid. Spirochetes were first detected by the dark field and phase contrast microscopes. For semi quantification plaque samples were diluted to 1:10 and smear was made using 5µl of samples and stained with Fontana method. Counting was done categorizing spirochetes based on their length and diameter using light microscope with micrometer eyepiece. Statistical analysis was done using Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon Rank test. Results: The present study revealed statistically significant difference for their positivity. The small and intermediate spirochetes based on their length were higher in CP patients. The thick spirochetes based on diameter were higher in healthy individuals. Conclusion: Fontana staining is a useful screening method for detection of spirochetes. It can also be used to assess the cell size, density and post therapy evaluation.
Keywords:- Chronic Periodontitis (CP), Fontana stain, Density, Microscopy, Spirochetes.
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Copyright © 2013 Babji Deepa et al.. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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