Property | Value |
Name | The medicinal mushroom Agaricus blazei Murill promotes NF-ĸ B activation via stimulation of TLR2 and inhibits its activation via TLR4 |
Description | Original article:- Anne Merete A. Tryggestad1, Terje Espevik2, Liv Ryan2, and Geir Hetland1* 1Department of Cellular Therapy, Cancer Division, Oslo University Hospital – The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo, and 2Department of Molecular and Cancer Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Abstract:- The edible, medicinal Basidiomycetes mushroom, Agaricus blazei Murill (AbM) is used in traditional medicine against cancer and various diseases. It is rich in β glucans and has been shown in vitro to have immuno-modulating properties and in mouse models to induce antitumor action and anti-infection effects against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative sepsis. To study the mechanism behind its ability to stimulate innate immune cells, possible engagement of TLR2 and TLR4 was examined both in HEK293 cells transfected with either receptor, and in promonocytic THP-1 cells that bear both receptors. In HEK293 cells an AbM-based mixed Basidiomycetes mushroom extract (AndoSanTM) also containing Hericium erinaceum and Grifola frondosa, was shown to activate NF-ĸ B foremost via stimulation of TLR2, but to a lesser degree in low concentrations also via TLR4. Interestingly, AndoSanTM reduced the TLR4-induced NF-ĸ B activation at higher concentrations by means of its main component, AbM. The AbM-induced NF-ĸ B activation was confirmed in the THP-1 cells. This shows that biologically active ingredients in the AbM-based extract, probably of polysaccharide nature such as β glucans, can induce TLR2-mediated stimulation of monocytic and other innate immune cells and possibly inhibit TLR4-mediated stimulation. This may partly explain the medicinal effects found with AbM, including the observed protection against Gram-negative sepsis in a mouse model.
Key words:- Medicinal mushroom, Agaricus blazei, NF-kB activation, TLR2, TLR4.
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Copyright © 2013 Tryggestad Anne Merete et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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