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Review article
Navdha Chaudhary1,Ahlawat Babita2*,Kumar Ashok3
1 Senior Resident, Eklavaya Dental College,Kotputli, Jaipur, Rajasthan
2 Senior Resident, Department of Dentistry,SHKM GMC, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana
3 Associate Professor, Department of ENT,SHKM GMC, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana
Address reprint requests to
*Dr. Ahlawat Babita,
Flat no. 302; B-1 Block, Residential Campus, SHKM GMC,Nalhar, Mewat 122107, India
Article citation: Chaudhary N, Babita A, Ashok K. Factors affecting children’s behaviour in the dental office. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2015;05(12):914–918.Available at www.jpbms.info
Abstract:
Most of the children willingly accept dental treatment when approached in a positive and supportive manner. However, dental personnel routinely encounter many children who exhibit considerable anxiety or problematic behaviours in the clinical settings. For some of these children, especially those who are relatively young or have had negative prior experiences, providing even “routine” dental procedures requires considerable effort and patience. Some require special management considerations because of their extensive dental treatment needs, poor health conditions or behavioural issues. Lack of cooperation of a child not only affects the successful completion and quality of necessary dental procedures but also raises some degree of stress in the dentist. Some children do not always accommodate to plans designed for them as there are many factors which can influence the behaviour of children in the dental situation.There are many factors which influence the behaviour of children in the dental office. Some of them are activity, attitude and attire of dentist, length or time of appointment, general factors such as growth and development of child, nutritional status, school environment, presence of another sibling in the operatory and mother’s behaviour. Though some factors are not under the control of a clinician but knowledge of certain aspects and influences on child’s behaviour can be of major help in the clinical practice. Some of the factors can be modiied by dentist to help the child through the dental appointments. It is important that the knowledge and practice of behaviour management should be incorporated in a continuous learning process or education for all dental practitioners. Furthermore, the dental team as a whole, including auxillary personnel, should be trained in the knowledge and practice of various techniques, so that all children may be given quality dental care.
KEYWORDS dental office, children’s behaviour
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research,patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
CASE REPORT
Anil Aggarwal1*,Shyamakant Prasad2,Ashok Kumar3,Babita Ahlawat4,Bhawana Sethi5
1 Professor and Head, Department of ENT,Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa,Madhya Pradesh, India
Senior Resident2 and Associate Professor,3 Department of ENT, SHKM GMC, Nalhar,Mewat, Haryana, India
4 Senior Resident, Department of Dentistry,SHKM GMC, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana, India
5 Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, SGT University, Budhera,Gurgaon, Haryana, India
Address reprint requests to
Dr. Ashok Kumar,
Associate Professor,Department of ENT, Flat No. 302; B-1 Block; Residential Campus, SHKM GMC, Nalhar,Mewat 122107, Haryana, India
Article citation: Aggarwal A, Prasad S, Kumar A, Ahlawat B, Sethi B. A rare presentation of sinonasal hemangiopericytoma-like tumour in frontoethmoidal sinus:a diagnostic challenge. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2015;05(12):984–987. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Sinonasal hemangiopericytoma-like tumour (SHPCL) are rare vascular neoplasms derived from Zimmerman’s capillary pericytes. They originate in a paranasal sinus and extend into the nasal cavity secondarily. Hemangiopericytomas of soft tissue usually occur in the retroperitoneum or the thigh and are an uncommon finding in the nasal and paranasal sinuses. They occur most commonly in adults in the sixth and seventh decades of life and clinically mimic allergic polyps. These patients most commonly present with symptoms of epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Microscopically, these tumours demonstrate a vascular architecture,are composed predominantly of spindle cells, and lack nuclear or cytoplasmic pleomorphism,mitotic activity, haemorrhage or necrosis. These criteria include the presence or absence of mitotic figures, necrosis, anaplasia, and haemorrhage. The present case with early onset in fourth decade with predominantly orbital symptoms, minimal findings on nasal endoscopy and biopsy gives a diagnostic challenge. Treated with complete surgical excision and diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemistry reports as a rare SHPCL. Being a locally invasive tumour with very less propensity for metastasis or recurrence, two year of recurrence free endoscopic follow up is sufficiently justified it to be cured.
KEYWORDS sinonasal hemangiopericytoma-like tumour, hemangiopericytomas, glomangiopericytoma
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Senior Resident,1 Associate Professor,3Senior Resident,4 and Professor & Head,7 Department of ENT, SHKM GMC, Nalhar,Mewat, Haryana, India
2 Professor and Head, Department of ENT, Shyam Shah Medical College, Rewa,Madhya Pradesh, India
5 Senior Resident, Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Eklavya Dental College, Kotputli, Distt Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
6 Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, SHKM GMC, Nalhar, Mewat, Haryana, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr Ashok Kumar,
Associate Professor,Department of ENT, Flat no. 302, B-1 Block, Residential Campus, SHKM GMC,Nalhar, Mewat 122107, Haryana, India
Article citation: Prasad S, Aggarwal A,Kumar A, Ahlawat B, Chaudhary N, Rozatkar A, Naik SM. Acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis: survival outcomes related to predefined parameters as variables. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2015;05(12):988–993.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to determine outcomes and identify factors that may affect survival in patients with acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (AIFRS). Thirty patients of AIFRS were identified. The underlying reasons for immunosuppression were diabetes mellitus (19 patients), chronic renal failure (5 patients), leukemia (3 patients), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (2 patients) and post organ transplant (1 patient).
We have found the overall survival rate directly related to AIFRS to be 56.7%. The survival rate is higher for young patients (below 50 years age group), diabetic patients than for patients with other causes of immunosuppression, sufferers of mucormycosis than aspergillosis and those treated with liposomal Amphotricsin B as compared to conventional form in addition to surgical debridements. Intracranial and orbital involvement and failure to recover are the factors that led to poor prognosis in this series.
KEYWORDS acute invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, absolute neutrophil count, mucormycosis, aspergillosis
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest:
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Case Report
Sandhya Manorenj1*,Aditya Malladi1,Dinesh Alla2,Deepthi Punugunta1
1 Department of Neurology, ESIC Superspeciality Hospital, Sanathnagar,Hyderabad, India
2 Department of Radiology, ESIC Superspeciality Hospital, Sanath Nagar Hyderabad, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr Sandhya Manorenj,
Neurologist and Head, Department of Neurology, Employee State Insurance Corporation, Superspeciality Hospital, Sanath Nagar, Hyderabad, India
Article citation: Manorenj S, Malladi A, Alla D, Punugunta D. An unusual case of recurrent Guillain-Barré syndrome of a different subtype five years after initial diagnosis. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2015;5(12):976–979.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is generally considered to be monophasic, but recurrences do occur in some patients. We report a case of a 57-year-old male, hypertensive,euglycaemic with prior history of GBS 7 years ago, presented with ascending paraesthesia of all four limbs without prior antecedent infection, followed by subsequent quadriparesis,facial paresis, areflexia with reduced single breath count. Nerve conduction study showed sensory motor demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy with evidence of conduction block.
Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed lymphocyte pleocytosis. Magnetic resonance imaging of spine with contrast showed spinal nerves, lumbar plexus roots and cauda equina root enhancement. He recovered from Hughes’s grade 4 to Hughes’s grade 2 following 5 days of intravenous immunoglobin treatment. Our case represents a recurrence of GBS of AIDP variant with lymphocyte predominant CSF pleocytosis, lumbar and cauda equina root enhancement and response to intravenous immunoglobin in a middle-aged male.
KEYWORDS recurrent Guillain-Barré syndrome, lymphocyte pleocytosis, cauda equina root enhancement.
REFERENCES
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10.Hadden RDM. Deterioration after Guillain-Barré syndrome:recurrence, treatment-related fluctuation or CIDP. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2009;80(1):3.
11.Dy M, Leshner RL, Crawford JR. An unusual case of recurrent Guillain-Barre syndrome of a different subtype five years after Initial diagnosis. Case Rep Neurol Med. 2013;2013:356157.
12.Rauschka H, Jellinger K, Lassmann H, Braier F, Schmidbauer M. Guillain-Barré syndrome with marked pleocytosis or a significant proportion of polymorphonuclear granulocytes in the cerebrospinal fluid: neuropathological investigation of five cases and review of differential diagnoses. Eur J Neurol. 2003 Sep;10(5):479–86.
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents,and royalties through this collaborative research.All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the
official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Rakesh Kumar Shahi1*, P. Nigam2
1 Professor of Medicine, R.D Medical College, Gorakhpur, UP, India
2 Ret. Professor and Head, Department of Medicine, R.D Medical College, Gorakhpur,UP, India
Address reprint requests to
*Dr Rakesh Kumar Shahi,
I-83 Rapti Nagar Phase-IV Near BPCl, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh 273001, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
B.R.D Medical College, Gorakhpur
Article citation: Kumar RS, Nigam P. Evaluation of troponin T level in acute rheumatic carditis. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2015;05(12):980–983.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is more common in children of many developing countries. Aim The purpose of this study is to test whether it is possible to identify myocardial involvement in cases with rheumatic carditis by the measurement of serum cardiac troponin T (cTnT). Methods Eighty patients diagnosed as ARF underwent echocardiography and their cTnT serum levels were measured. Patients were divided into groups as Cases and Control with 40 patients in each group.Results In Cases 57.5% were male and 42.5% were female. All patients complained about joint pain. In 59% of cases troponin T was not detectable. It was detectable in the range of 0.01–0.05 ng/ml in 35% of cases and it was in the range of 0.05–0.1 ng/ml in 7% of cases of endocarditis and pericarditis. Conclusion Measurement of cTnT may be added to diagnostic accuracy of myocarditis.
KEYWORDS acute rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart disease, Troponin-T
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.