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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Kabiru Abubakar1*,Nuhu Muhammad Danjuma2,Bello Balkisu Maiha2,Joseph Akpojo Anuka2,Mun Fei Yam3,Idris Bello3,Usman Salisu Nasiba3, Mohammed Asmawi. Zaini3
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto Nigeria
2 Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria, Nigeria
3 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University Sains Malaysia
Address reprint requests to
*K. Abubakar,
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto, Nigeria
Article citation: Abubakar K, Danjuma NM, Maiha BB, Anuka JA, Yam MF, Bello I, Nasiba US, Zaini MA. Antinociceptive activity of the crude methanolic extract of Pseudocedrela kotschyi and its chloroform and n-butanol fractions in mice.J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(03):158–164.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Pseudocedrela kotschyi has been extensively used in traditional medicine for the treatment of rheumatism, malaria, dysentery and epilepsy. The antinociceptive effects of the crude methanolic extract, n-butanol and chloroform fractions of P. kotschyi were investigated in different experimental models in mice: (1) hot plate, (2) tail flick, (3) acetic acid induced
writhing and (4) formalin induced test. In the writhing test 200 mg/kg of the crude extract significantly (P < 0.05) reduced the number of writhes and produced an 88.1% inhibition.
The chloroform and n-butanol fractions produced 98.59 and 92.62% inhibition of writhes respectively. In the formalin induced test 100 and 200 mg/kg of the crude methanolic extract significantly (P < 0.01) produced late phase analgesia. Similarly, 200 mg/kg of the chloroform fraction significantly (P < 0.01) reduced paw licking behaviour in mice in both early and late phases of the experiment. However, at the doses tested, no significant activity was found in the hot plate and the tail flick test. The results suggest that P. kotschyi methanol extract at 200 mg/kg dose is effective in non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug type anti-nociception activities.
KEYWORDS Pseudocedrela kotschyi, antinociception, anti-inflammatory
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: Tertiary Education Trust Fund (TETFUND) Federal Ministry of Education, Nigeria.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Yekaterina E. Zueva1,2, Olga I.Illarionova3, Svetlana A. Pliasunova3, Ekaterina B.Rusanova4, Yelena A. Kustova5*, Natalia T. Urazalieva5
1 Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Science, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
2 Scientific and Methodological Center for Molecular Medicine, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
3 Diagnostic Laboratory, Federal Scientific Clinical Centre of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology in memory of Dima Rogachev, Moscow, Russia
4 Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Molecular Diagnostics, Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
5 Laboratory of Immunology, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Al-Farabi av. 146, Almaty, Kazakhstan
Address reprint requests to
*Yelena A. Kustova, Laboratory of Immunology, Scientific Center of Pediatrics and Children Surgery, Al-Farabi av. 146, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
Article citation: Zueva YE, Illarionova OI, Pliasunova SA, Rusanova EB, Kustova YA, Urazalieva NT. Acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia: experience of diagnostics at three clinical centers. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(03):193–198. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Background Acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia (AMkL) is a rare hematologic clonal malignancy, characterised by the accumulation of abnormal myeloid blasts with megakaryoblastic differentiation in the bone marrow and/or extra-marrow hematopoiesis sites with marked clinical heterogeneity in children and adult populations. Owing to a low occurrence in the daily clinical practice, AMkL presents a difficulty for immunophenotypic diagnostics.
Purpose We present 36 cases of children and adult AMkL observed from 2007 through 2014 at the Federal Scientific Clinical Center of Children Hematology, Oncology and Immunology in memory of Dima Rogachev, Moscow, Russia (FSCCCHOI), Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Russia (PFSPbMU), and Research Center for Paediatrics and Children Surgery, Almaty, Kazakhstan (SCPCS).
Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical and multicolour flow cytometry data of AMkL was diagnosed in two Russian and one Kazakhstan clinical centers during 8 years has been performed, and the applicability of the modern diagnostic criteria was evaluated.
Results From 2,867 cases of acute leukaemia, we identified 36 patients with AMkL (1.26% of all cases) including 30 children and 6 adults with disease age onset ranged from 2 days to 75 years. Trisomy 21 was detected in 19.4% of the samples. In the group of children under 3 years (23), trisomy of chromosome 21 was detected in 7 patients (30.4%).
Conclusion Most typical immunophenotypical features of AMkL and its rare variants allow diagnosing it in ethnically diverse populations. We describe specific details of the sample preparation and interpretation of multicolour flow cytometry data.
KEYWORDS acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia, multicolour flow cytometry, immunophenotype, CD marker expression, Down syndrome
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Sources of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research.
All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.