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Original research article
Ashank Mishra*,C. Yashaswini,Krishnajaneya Reddy
Address reprint requests to:
*Dr Ashank Mishra,
Associate Professor,Department of Periodontics,Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery,Vikarabad, Telangana, India
Article citation: Mishra A, Yashaswini C,Reddy K. Evaluation of efficacy of tongue cleaning with and without aloe vera oral gel in the management of halitosis. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(08):474–478.Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Halitosis is a common problem in the general population and has a significant impact on social and psychological aspect. Research has found a correlation between bacterial load of the tongue and halitosis. Therefore, treatment approaches that reduce this bacterial load in combination with substances that combat oral malodor can be considered. This study attempts to utilize the efficacy of aloe vera in the management of halitosis. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effect of tongue cleaning with aloe vera gel versus a regular fluoride containing tooth paste in the treatment of oral malodour. 28 systemically healthy subjects with halitosis (organoleptic scoring ≥2, and VSC scores ≥150 ppb) were recruited from the outpatient department of Sri Sai College of Dental Surgery, Vikarabad. The subjects are randomly divided into two groups. Group A were instructed to perform tooth brushing along with tongue cleaning. Group B performed tooth brushing along with tongue cleaning with aloe vera gel twice daily for a week. Organoleptic scores, VSC scores and tongue-coating index were evaluated at base line, 5 minutes, and 60 minutes after the first application, and at the end of 7 days. The results obtained were evaluated using appropriate statistical analysis. Intra-group comparison showed a statistically significant reduction in all the three parameters measured at all time frame comparisons.Inter-group analysis revealed a statistically significant difference in the mean reduction of organoleptic measurement and halimeter reading from base line to 7 days. The mean reduction of tongue coating scores was not significantly different among test and control groups at all the time frame comparisons. The results of the study indicate that both the treatments significantly reduce oral malodour and tongue coating. However, use of Aloe vera gel provided additional benefit in reducing halitosis after 7 days of use.
KEYWORDS halitosis, oral malodour, aloevera, tongue coating, tongue cleaning
REFERENCES
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22.Kim KE, Kang J, Park YD. Effect of mouthrinse containing propolis on oral malodor. Int J Clin Prev Dent. 2014;10(3):179–184.
23.Yang HN, Kim DJ, Kim YM, Kim BH, Sohn KM, Choi MJ, et al. Aloe induced toxic hepatitis. J Korean Med Sci. 2011;25:492–495.
Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
R. Manivannan1,G. Puviarasan2*
1 Assistant professor of surgery, Madras Medical College, MMC, Park Town, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600003
2 Resident In Surgery, Madras Medical College, MMC, Park Town, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600003
Address reprint requests to:
*Dr. G. Puviarasan,
Resident In Surgery, Madras Medical College, MMC, Park Town, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600003
Article citation: R. Manivannan,G. Puviarasan. Clinical study and management of liver injuries due to blunt trauma abdomen. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(08):489–494.Available at www.jpbms.info
Abstract
Background This study is carried out to assess the impact of liver injuries in blunt trauma abdomen, the etiology and various modes of presentations of liver injuries due to blunt trauma abdomen and to evaluate various available investigation to detect liver injuries and appropriate management strategy to reduce mortality and morbidity and their common complications.
Materials and Methods The study population consist of all cases with suspected blunt trauma abdomen presenting to the Surgical Department, Rajiv Gandhi Govt. General Hospital between May 2012 and December 2013. It is an observational cross sectional study involving 52 patients. All the patients included in this study were investigated with FAST (Focused assessment of sonography for trauma), DPL Diagnostic peritoneal lavage, Contrast CT abdomen and other base line investigations. Their hemodynamic stability is taken in to account before these investigations are done. Penetrating trauma and paediatric patients are excluded from this study.
Results The most common cause of blunt injury abdomen is road traffic accidents (69.23%) which are comparable to most other studies. In the present study, the maximum number of cases was in the second decade of life (25%). In the present study, 80(80%) were males and 20(20%) were females. Out of 52 cases in our study, (90%) had abdominal tenderness at the time of admission, local (or) generalized guarding was present in 11.5% cases. In our study, 11(21.15%) were managed surgically and 41(78.86%) were managed conservatively. We had mortality of 12 cases of which eight were operated cases.
Conclusion Hemodynamic status and associated injuries, irrespective of grading form the most important factor that decides the nature of treatment for a particular patient. So the treatment has to be tailor made for every patient.
KEYWORDS liver injuries, blunt trauma and liver injuries
REFERENCES
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3.Rutledge R, Hunt JP, Lentz CW, Fakhry SM, Meyer AA, Baker CC, et al. A state wide, population based time series analysis of the increasing frequency of non operative management of abdominal solid organ injury. Annals Surg. 1995;222(3):311–326.
4.Jolly S, Upadhyay M, Jam BL. Blunt abdominal trauma. A Clinical study of 100 cases. Indian I Surg. 1993;290-93.
5.Pringle JH. V. Notes on the Arrest of Hepatic Hemorrhage Due to Trauma. Ann Surg. 1908;48(4):541–549.
6.Stone HH, Strom PR, Mullins RJ. Management of the major coagulopathy with onset during laparotomy. Ann Surg. 1983;197(5):532–535.
7.Rotondo MF, Schwab CW, McGonigal MD, Phillips OR,Fruchterman TM, Kauder DR, et al. ‘Damage control’: An approach for improved survival in exsanguinating penetrating abdominal injury. J Trauma. 1993;35:375–383.
8.Chopra P, St-Vu D, Yazbeck S. Blunt renal trauma-blessing in disguise? J Pediatr Surg. 2002;37(5):779–782.
9.McAninch JW, Santucci R. Renal injuries chapter 1 1A in adult and pediatric urology, Fourth edition, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia. USA. 2002;479–498.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents, and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Indrajit Rana1*,Jugindra Sorokhaibam2, Chandragupta Chongtham3
1DNB General Surgery Resident, Department of General & Minimal Access Surgery, Shija Hospitals & Research Institute, Imphal, Manipur, India
2Senior Consultant, Department of General & Minimal Access Surgery, Shija Hospitals & Research Institute, Imphal, Manipur, India
3Consultant, Department of General & Minimal Access Surgery, Shija Hospitals & Research Institute, Imphal, Manipur, India
Address reprint requests to:
*Dr. Indrajit Rana,
Department of General & Minimal Access Surgery, Shija Hospitals & Research Institute,Imphal - 795004, Manipur, India
Article citation: Rana I, Sorokhaibam J, Chongtham C. Herpes zoster in cholelithiasis patient – surgeons’ dilemma. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(08):495–497.Available at www.jpbms.info
Abstract
Herpes zoster often causes diagnostic difficulties. We report two cases of herpes zoster presented in our surgery outpatient department as pain abdomen. One patient was in acute eruptive phase and another was in pre-eruptive phase. In both patients routine blood test was normal and ultrasound of abdomen detected multiple cholelithiasis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was safely performed in both patients. Antiviral medication was prescribed after consultation with physician. A close follow-up and good communication between referring physician and surgeon are essential to manage such cases.
KEYWORDS herpes zoster, cholelithiasis, laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Eduard Circo*,Olesea Scrinic
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*Dr Eduard Circo,
Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, “Ovidius” University of Constanta, Campus Corp B, Aleea Universitatiinr. 1, Constanta, Romania
Article citation:
Circo E, Scrinic O.Correlation between osteocalcin, non-HDL cholesterol and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(08):498–501.Available at www.jpbms.info
Background Osteoporosis, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and metabolic syndrome (MS) are associated with a higher mortality rate. Bone tissues, adipocytes, and the brain interact together to control body weight and regulate glucose metabolism through osteocalcin (OC), a hormone secreted by the osteoblasts. The aim of our study was to establish the correlation between serum osteocalcin levels, features of MS and cardiovascular risk assessed through non-HDL-cholesterol levels in a group of postmenopausal women.
Methods Retrospective study conducted over a period of 3 years on a group of 150 postmenopausal women, divided into two lots according to the presence or absence of MS. The diagnosis of MS was made based on NCEP ATP - III criteria. Serum osteocalcin has been correlated with specific components of MS and other atherogenic markers.
Results OC values were lower in patients with MS compared to those without MS. Significant negative correlations were recorded between OC and the fasting values of blood glucose, body mass index (BMI), and triglyceride levels. The most accurate atherogenic risk parameter non-HDL-cholesterol was significantly and negatively correlated with OC. Positive and significant correlations were recorded between the values of HDL-cholesterol and OC (R² = 0.033; P < 0.05). All these results sustain the significant association between dyslipidemia,
the alteration of glucose metabolism, and OC in postmenopausal women with MS.
Conclusions The correlation between pro-atherogenic lipid fractions (non-HDL cholesterol) and osteocalcin is of real interest. Low serum values of osteocalcin may represent a metabolic marker of cardiovascular risk.
KEYWORDS cardiovascular risk, non-HDL-cholesterol, osteocalcin, metabolic syndrome
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.
Original article
Aasim Farooq Shah1*,Pradeep Tangade2,Arun Dodamani3,Manu Batra4,Jasbir Meher5
1Department of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, ShreenBagh, Srinagar, Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir, India
2Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kothiwal Dental College & Research Centre, Kanth Road, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
3Department of Public Health Dentistry, ACPM Dental College, Sakri Road, Dhule, India
4Department of Public Health Dentistry, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, India
5Department of Orthodontics, Kothiwal Dental College & Research Centre, Kanth Road, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
Address reprint requests to:
*Dr. Aasim Farooq Shah,
Registrar, Department Of Public Health Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, ShreenBagh, Srinagar, Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir - 190010, India
Article citation: Shah AF, Tangade P, Dodamani A, Batra M, Meher J.Prescription writing: The forgotten art. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2016;06(08): 483–488. Available at www.jpbms.info
ABSTRACT
Prescription is one of the most important therapeutic transactions between a physician and a patient. Prescription errors contribute to a significant rise in adverse events. These errors in prescribing can be classified into; physician-related or drug-related errors. The present study was conducted to assess the extent of noncompliance with prescription writing requirements. This cross sectional study was conducted in the Moradabad city in Uttar Pradesh state, India, in the month of November 2012. Prescriptions were collected for 15 days from out-patient departments of private hospitals, district hospital and drug stores on Probability Proportional to Enrolment size (PPE) in the Moradabad city after acquiring a verbal consent from prescription holders. All prescriptions were assessed retrospectively. The significance of differences was sought using Mann–Whitney U tests. Out of 736 prescriptions, 586 prescriptions were selected which included 442 Medical and 144 Dental prescriptions. Discrepancies in components of; registration number, address, Rx, drug quantity were found in more than 50%; errors in prescribers identity, degree, signature, age, sex, strength of drug, and direction were seen in less than 50%. Out of the total prescriptions with errors, 58% were written by medical practitioners. The results of the present study denote that there exists a low obedience rate to the procedural requirements in writing of a prescription.
KEYWORDS prescriptions, dental prescriptions, prescription errors, prescription writing.
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Statement of originality of work: The manuscript has been read and approved by all the authors, the requirements for authorship have been met, and that each author believes that the manuscript represents honest and original work.
Source of funding: None.
Competing interest / Conflict of interest: The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Disclaimer: Any views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense.