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Original article:
Veena Prasad1*,Nutan Singh2
1Professor, Department of Pediatrics,Government medical college, Haldwani, Distt-Nainital (Uttarakhand),India.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Government medical college, Haldwani, Distt-Nainital (Uttarakhand), India
ABSTRACT
To study the morbidity and mortality pattern of the newborns admitted in special care unit in a tertiary institution and analyse the measures which can be taken to reduce it. It was a Prospective observational study of all newborns admitted in neonatal intensive care unit which is located in the Kumaun region Uttarakhand. The study was carried out over a period of 3 years fromJanuary 2008 to December 2010. The numbers of 1658 neonateswere admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) during this period.
The study comprised of all 1658 infants admitted to our tertiary level NICU from Jan 2008 to Dec 2010. Data of newborns admitted to the NICU were analysed retrospectively. Overall, the most prevalent indications for admission to NICU were Prematurity (20.80%) followed by Neonatal jaundice (19.84%), Respiratory distress syndrome(17%),Birth Asphyxia(16.28%). The overall mortality rate was 310 deaths (18.69%). Most common cause is prematurity with respiratory distress syndrome 117(37.74%). This study identified prematurity, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, and perinatal asphyxia,neonatal sepsis, as the major causes of the morbidity , Prematurity, RDS ,Septicaemia, Perinatal asphyxiaas the major contributors to the neonatal mortality.Mortality rate in the NICU still unacceptably high, these results highlight the fact thatmany causes of neonatal deaths may be preventable.
Keywords:Newborns,Neonatal Intensive Care Unit,Morbidity, Mortality rate.
Research article:-
Arvind K. Srivastava*, Savita Srivastava, Swayam Prakash Srivastava, Deepak Raina, Rehan Ahmad, M.N.Srivastava, Ram Raghubir and Vijai Lakshmi.
Divisions of Biochemistry, Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Botany and Pharmacology CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow-226001,India.
Abstract: The standardized ethanolic extract of the epicarp of the fruits of a marine mangroove Xylocarpus granatum have been found antihyperglycaemic and antidyslipidemic in nature. The yield of the extract by percolation method at room temperature varies between 8 to 14 % depending upon the season of collection. Studies in normal as well as streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats showed that the extract is effective in the improvement oral glucose tolerance post sucrose load. The extract was also found efficient in declining blood glucose profile of STZ-induced diabetic rats and both glucose as well as cholesterol and triglycerides levels in low dosed streptozotocin- high fructose fed rats and dyslipidemic hamsters. In neonatlly STZ-treated and fructose fed rats, the extract completely controlled their abnormal oral glucose tolerance and improved insulin resistance. The altered biochemical markers i.e. glucose-6-phosphatase, phosphofructokinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, pyruvate kinase, lactate dehydrogenase and glycogen phosphorylase in liver and kidney and except glucose-6-phosphatase, all the other markers in muscles of fructose fed as well as neonatally STZ-treated were also found towards normalization after the oral treatment of CDR-134 D123 at 250 mg/kg dose for three weeks. Controlled clinical trials are going on with this preparation for its usage in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Key words :-Xylocarpus granatum, Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, Neonatally STZ-treated rats, Low dosed STZ treated- high fructose fed rats, Dyslipidemia, hyperglycaemia, hypertriglyceridemia, db/db mice, hamsters, antidiabetic activity, antidyslipidemic activity.
Research article:- *Torvi. Janaki. R. ( M.D), Hiregouder Narendra.S (D.M)*
*Department of Pharmacology,Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli Karnataka, India.
Department of Cardiology,Karnataka Institute of Medical Sciences, Hubli Karnataka, India.
Abstract:- Background: Hypertension is a leading contributor to the global burden of all causes of disease, continue its upward growth trends. Poor control of this highly prevalent disease can lead to the development of ischemic heart disease, heart failure, stroke and chronic renal insufficiency. A prescription by a doctor may be taken as a reflection of physician’s altitude to the disease and the role of the drug in its treatment. It also provides an insight into the nature of health care delivery system. Since Blood pressure control is often inadequate even in patients who receive regular care, it has been emphasized that control of hypertension can be better achieved if the processes of care are improved. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross sectional study of 3 months duration was undertaken in the cardiology and medicine out patient department and 240 prescriptions given to the patients with essential uncomplicated Hypertension were collected. Basic drug indications were selected to analyze the prescribing patterns and also to assess the rational prescribing of the drugs. All antihypertensive drug prescriptions, 240 patients of uncompicated hypertension were collected for our sample of hypertension patients of more than 30 years of age. Analysis of data was undertaken using the prescription rate as calculated as the number of prescriptions containing a specific antihypertensive agent divided by the total number of prescriptions. Results and Discussion: Out of 346 prescriptions, there were 208 prescriptions for the newly diagnosed patients and 138 prescriptions for the refill of the newly diagnosed patients during the study period. Out of 208 prescriptions for the newly diagnosed cases. 154 prescriptions contained monotheraphy and 54 prescriptions contained combined therapy. Out of 138 prescriptions for the refill, 84 prescriptions contained monotherapy (6%) and 54 prescriptions contained the combination therapy of antihypertensive agents (39%). Among the monotherapy prescriptions, Beta blockers were the most commonly prescribed and ACE inhibitors the least prescribed. Effective BP control was not achieved in some patients receiving monotherapy. Hence such prescriptions were changed to combination therapy. Conclusion: Hypertension is an important modifiable risk factor. The effective rational therapy of Hypertension is therefore an important primary health care objective in managing and preventing the future serious cardiovascular and renal diseases. This study confirms the quality of prescriptions both in terms of layout and the content of the drugs prescribed. The use of appropriate dose and avoidance of monotherapy prescription with drugs such as the alpha adrenergic agonists reflect the fact that physicians are aware about the importance of the knowledge about the dose response relationship for both beneficial and adverse effects.
Key Words: Antihypertensive Drugs, Prescription Pattern, Uncomplicated Hypertension.
Research article:-
* Jahir Alam Khan1, Parul Srivastava 2
1.R&D division, MRD LifeSciences (P) Ltd., Lucknow, India.
2.Amity Institute of Biotechnology, AMITY University, Lucknow, India.
Abstract:- Today bioremediation is considered as the most effective and pollution free method for removing crude oil pollution from contaminated sites, as this method makes use of microorganism. The study was designed to evaluate the capability of bacterial strains inhabiting oil contaminated sites to degrade unused engine oil. Four different bacterial species were isolated from oil contaminated sites in Lucknow. One of the isolate (MJP1103) showed maximum oil degradation potential in Minimal salt media supplemented with 1-5 % crude oil, the result showed increase in growth & protein concentration throughout incubation period for culture MJP1103.
Key words:- Crude oil, Coccus, Degradation, Bioremediation.
Original research article:- Dr.S.Swaminathan Ph.D1, Ms.Priya Gangadaran M.Sc, M.Phil1, Mr.T.Venkatesh2 Dr.Mitra Ghosh M.D3
1.Biochemistry department, Apollo Speciality Hospital, Chennai -35, India.
2.B.Tech , M.G.R University,Chennai -84, India.
3.Chief of Lab Services, Apollo Speciality Hospital, Chennai -35, India.
Abstract:- Copper is believed to be the switch that turns on the angiogenesis process in tumor cells, by activating the growth factor. Copper is necessary for fetal growth as well as in the production of hemoglobin . This study was undertaken on 40 female patients. in the age group of 16 to 62 years to establish the diagnostics utility of serum copper measurement along with the two tumor markers CEA and CA125. While copper measurement was done using a manual method, CEA and CA125 assays were carried out is fully automatic Roche diagnostic Elecsys 2010 which uses electrochemiluminescence technology. Appropriate quality controls were used to validate the accuracy of the results obtained. Excellent correlation (p<0.0001) between Cu and both the tumor markers were obtained thereby showing a very strong association between serum copper and the two tumor markers. This study concludes that measurement of serum copper along with the two tumor markers will be diagnostically useful in cancer screening / remission.
Key Words:- Copper, CEA, CA 125.