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Research article:- * P. Shetti1 , A. Venkatachalam.1 1.Department of Chemistry, Bhavan’s College, Andheri (West), Mumbai – 400058, Maharashtra, India
Abstract:- Trihexyphenidyl HCl, Trifluoperazine HCl and Chlorpromazine HCl is antipsychotic drugs and used for symptomatic treatment of psychotic ailment. We present a simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method developed and validated for the quantification of Trihexyphenidyl HCl, Trifluoperazine HCl and Chlorpromazine HCl in Human Plasma. Ornidazole was used as the internal standard. The simple and cost effective Liquid-Liquid Extraction method is applied for the extraction of all three drug and Internal standard from Plasma. A rapid isocratic separation is achieved by a short HYPERSIL, Hypurity C18 (50x4.6)mm 5µ (Thermo, USA) column using mobile phase of Acetonitrile and Ammonium acetate buffer (70:30 v/v, (%) ) at flow rate of 0.4 ml/min. The run time is 2 minutes suggests high throughput of the proposed method. . The compound was ionized in the positive electro spray ionization (ESI) mode of the mass spectrometer. Detection of mass was performed in multiple reactions monitoring (MRM) mode; Trihexyphenidyl m/z 302.2-►98.1, Trifluoperazine m/z 408.1-►113.1, Chlorpromazine m/z 319.1-►86.1 and Ornidazole 220.1-►128.1. The response for all the three drugs found to be linear over the range of 0.1-100 ng/ml. The lower limit of quantification of the LC-MS/MS method was 0.1ng/ml. The intra-and inter-day precisions were below 10.0% and the accuracy was between + 5.0% and - 5.0%. This validated LC-MS/MS is rapid, sensitive, specific and cost-effective method for determining Trihexyphenidyl HCl, Trifluoperazine HCl and Chlorporomazine HCl in human plasma samples.
Key words :- Trihexyphenidyl HCl, Trifluoperazine HCl and Chlorpromazine HCl, LC-MS/MS study, Bioequivalence, Development and validation.
Original article:
Veena Prasad1*,Nutan Singh2
1Professor, Department of Pediatrics,Government medical college, Haldwani, Distt-Nainital (Uttarakhand),India.
2Assistant Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Government medical college, Haldwani, Distt-Nainital (Uttarakhand), India
ABSTRACT
To study the morbidity and mortality pattern of the newborns admitted in special care unit in a tertiary institution and analyse the measures which can be taken to reduce it. It was a Prospective observational study of all newborns admitted in neonatal intensive care unit which is located in the Kumaun region Uttarakhand. The study was carried out over a period of 3 years fromJanuary 2008 to December 2010. The numbers of 1658 neonateswere admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) during this period.
The study comprised of all 1658 infants admitted to our tertiary level NICU from Jan 2008 to Dec 2010. Data of newborns admitted to the NICU were analysed retrospectively. Overall, the most prevalent indications for admission to NICU were Prematurity (20.80%) followed by Neonatal jaundice (19.84%), Respiratory distress syndrome(17%),Birth Asphyxia(16.28%). The overall mortality rate was 310 deaths (18.69%). Most common cause is prematurity with respiratory distress syndrome 117(37.74%). This study identified prematurity, neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, and perinatal asphyxia,neonatal sepsis, as the major causes of the morbidity , Prematurity, RDS ,Septicaemia, Perinatal asphyxiaas the major contributors to the neonatal mortality.Mortality rate in the NICU still unacceptably high, these results highlight the fact thatmany causes of neonatal deaths may be preventable.
Keywords:Newborns,Neonatal Intensive Care Unit,Morbidity, Mortality rate.
Review article:- Munish Garg, *Monika Hooda, Jyoti Solanki, Sandeep Saini, Sneha Das.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University Rohtak, 124001, India.
Abstract:- Adulteration of herbal supplements with undeclared synthetic drugs or by mixing the analogues of prescription can cause a significant risk to public hAealth. Consumers of such adulterated products are at risk of developing serious adverse reactions, potentially leading to pulmonary hypertension, moderate aortic regurgitation, a prominent right heart failure, hypokalemia and even death. These analogues are not declared on the labeling and often created by replacing or adding functional groups to the original chemical. Thus, herbal manufacturers have made it more difficult for the analysts to detect these undeclared pharmaceutical analogues into their products. Although DSHEA has given responsibility to the FDA to enforce guidelines for safety and claims, but as per the regulations, FDA can investigate a supplement only after a safety problem has been reported in a particular formulation thus giving the herbal manufacturers enough courage to launch their unscrupulous products into the market. Therefore, a current need arises to check these practices for the proper quality control of these herbal formulations. In this regard, the enforcement of strict manufacturing guidelines, approval process and quality control conditions may well be a step forward towards the safer use of industrially produced herbal products. Moreover, quality and efficacy of medicinal products should be assessed by randomised clinical trials (RCT) before licenses can be issued.
Key words:- Herbal formulations, quality control of herbals, synthetic adulterants in herbals.
Research article:- *Ara N. Patel1, Falguni M. Patel1, Kamal Singh Rathore1 .
1Bhupal Nobles’ Girls’ College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics, Udaipur-313002, Rajasthan, India.
Abstract:- The purpose of the present study was to develop an optimized floating drug delivery system of diltiazem hydrochloride. Diltiazem floating tablets were formulated with different concentrations of two grades of HPMC polymers (HPMC K4M and HPMC K100M) by using wet granulation technique and evaluated for the different evaluation parameters such as thickness, diameter, drug content uniformity, friability, floating lag time, in-vitro buoyancy, in-vitro drug release studies and stability studies were performed. All the evaluation parameters results were significant. In-vitro drug release studies were performed and drug release kinetics evaluated using the linear regression method was found to follow both Higuchi and Korsemeyer and Peppas’ equation. The drug release mechanism was found Fickian type in most of the formulations. The prepared formulation shows better and significant results for all the evaluated parameters. The formulation A4 containing (HPMC K 4 M) shows maximum percentage of drug release (99.87 %) and prolonged release for time period of about 12 h, thereby improves the bioavailability and patient compliance.
Key words :- Floating drug delivery system, Diltiazem HCl, Buoyancy period, Higuchi plots, Accelerated stability studies.
Research article:- Goyal Parveen Kumar*1(M.Pharm.,PGDPL), Mittal Arun2 (M.Pharm.), Kumar Rishi3 (M.Pharm.)
1.Department of Pharmacology, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Sonepat-131001, Haryana,India.
2.Department of Pharmacognosy, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Sonepat-131001, Haryana,India.
3.Department of Pharmacognosy, IIMT College of Pharmacy, Greater Noida, India-201306.
Abstract: The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of ethanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia (Wild.) Miers (Family: Menispermaceae) on calcium oxalate crystallization in urolithiasis. Calcium oxalate crystallization was induced by the addition of 0.01M sodium oxalate solutions in synthetic urine. The effect of extract (50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 µg/ml) was studied by time course measurement of turbidity in presence or absence of inhibitor (extract) at 620 nm for ten minutes by means of a spectrophotometer. The comparison between turbidimetric slopes with and without inhibitor gave percentage inhibition of crystallization hence the effectiveness of extract, and by comparing the photomicrographs with and without inhibitor, we concluded that T. cordifolia stem extract remarkably inhibited the calcium oxalate crystal formation hence can be stated to have antiurolithiatic potential.
Keywords:- Urolithiasis, Calcium oxalate, Tinospora cordifolia, Ethanolic extract.