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Research article:- * Dr.Binesh Lal.Y1, Dr.Kalyani.M2.
1.Assistant Professor, Department Of Microbiology, Saveetha Medical College,Thandalam, Kancheepuram District Tamilnadu, India.
2.Professor, Department Of Microbiology, Saveetha Medical College,Thandalam, Kancheepuram District, Tamilnadu, India.
Abstract: -Back ground and objective: With the increase in the number of immunocompromised individuals, there has been a consequent rise in the number of opportunistic infections, especially those due to Candida species. A rise in the incidence of antifungal resistance has also been reported. Aim: To isolate and identify the Candida species causing infections in patients from a tertiary care centre and also to study their antifungal susceptibility profile. Materials and methods: One hundred and twenty seven candidial isolates from urine (73), vaginal swabs (24), exudates (21) and blood (09) were taken for the study. The four species of Candida isolated in this study were Candida tropicalis 54.3%, C.albicans (37.8%) C. paropsilosis (5.5%) and C.glabrata (2.4%). Antifungal susceptibility tests against Amphotericin B, Ketaconazole, Itraconazole, and Fluconazole were done recommended by the Clinical and laboratory standards (CLSI). The zone of inhibition of fungal growth was measured and compared with standard strains as per manufacturer’s instructions. Results: Out of 127 isolates, the commonest source of isolation of candida species in the decreasing order of frequency, namely urine 57.5%, vaginal swab (18.9%), exudates 16.5% and blood 7.1%. Candida tropicalis 54.3% was the predominant isolate followed by C.albicans 37.8%. C.parapsilosis 5.5% and the least common isolate C.glabrata 2.7%. Maximum numbers of the candidial isolates 57.5% were from urine samples and urinary catheterization was noted as risk factor among urinary samples. CHROMagar candida medium is found to be useful in identification of Candida species. All the candidial isolates were susceptible to Amphotericin-B. C.albicans 6.3% and C.tropicalis 37.7% showed higher degree of resistance to Fluconazole. C.parapsilosis 57.1% to Ketaconazole and C.glabrata to Ketaconazole 66.6% and Fluconazole 66.6%.
Keywords:- Candida species, 10% Potssium hydroxide (KOH), Sabouraud’s Dextrose Agar, CHROMAgar.
Review article:- * Yerram Raju Behara
*B.Pharm, Department of Pharmacology, Sri Indu Institute of Pharmacy, affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad ,India.
Abstract:-Artichoke leaf consists of the fresh or dried leaf of Cynara scolymus Artichoke leaf extract is made from the long, serrated basal leaves of the plant in which is found the highest concentration of biologically active compounds .Artichoke extract is one of the few herbal remedies where the clinical and experimental trials have complemented each other. Both experimental and clinical effects have been verified through extensive biomedical herbal remedy research. Specifically, antioxidant, choleretic, hepatoprotective, bile-enhancing and lipid-lowering effects have been demonstrated, which correspond with its historical use. Ongoing research seems to indicate that artichoke does indeed have medicinal qualities. Most significant appears to be its beneficial effect on the liver. In animal studies, liquid extracts of the roots and leaves of artichoke have demonstrated an ability to protect the liver, and possibly even to help liver cells regenerate. Although research is not yet conclusive, scientists are optimistic that its long-standing use in humans for digestive and bowel problems is indeed justified. It may also play a role in lowering cholesterol and thus help to prevent heart disease. Boiled wild artichoke reduces postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses in normal subjects but has no effect on metabolic syndrome patients. This article intends to review the wide ranging pharmacological effects of artichoke.
Key words :- Artichoke, Cynara scolymus , antioxidant, choleretic, hepatoprotective, bile-enhancing and lipid-lowering, postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses, metabolic syndrome, HIVinhibitor.
Research article:- *Anil Kumar1, Devika Tripathi1, Jyotsna Dora1, Rishikant tripathi.
Pharmacy College, Itaura, Chandeshwar, Azamgarh, U.P., India.
Abstract:- Eugenia Jambolana, an important medicinal plant, commonly known as Jamun and belongs to the family Myrtaceae. The plant is found throughout in India. The present investigation, the various Pharmacognostical standard have been generated, so that authentic plant material could to explore for its therapeutic claims. The detailed Pharmacognostical studies of Eugenia Jambolana leaf is carried out which could be useful in future experimental studies. The study includes microscopic parts of Eugenia Jambolana leaf.
Keywords:- Eugenia Jambolana, Pharmacognostical studies.
Research article:- Harison Masih1, Ajay Kumar Singh1, Yashab Kumar1, Aviral Srivastava1, Ravi Kant Singh*2, Santosh Kumar Mishra2, Kumar Shivam2.
*1.Dept. of Microbiology & Fermentation Technology, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture Technology & Sciences, Allahabad, U.P., India.
2.Department of Biotechnology, IMS Engineering College, Ghaziabad, U.P., India.
Abstract:- Production of a family of lipopetide antibiotic by using mutated strain B. subtilis in submerged fermentation system was investigated. The mutated strain M40 showed a higher antagonistic activity than wild strain of B. subtillus against the plant pathogens Erwinia carotovora var. carotovora. The mutated strain was inoculated in three different liquid culture media CPG, CPM, CPMCa++ to study the level of production of inhibitory substances & CPMCa++ was found best culture medium against plant pathogens. The antagonistic strain M40 was more active than wild strain and obtained metabolite was thermostable, protease resistance and classified as producer of antibiotic of metabolite group.
Key words:- Lipopetide antibiotic, B. subtilis, Mutated strain, Erwinia carotovora var. carotovora, Plant pathogens
Research article:- * Rahul Nair 1, Sevukarajan.M 1, Ravi Kumar.
1.Department Of Pharmaceutics, Sree Vidyanikethan College of Pharmacy,A.Rangampet, Tirupathi, Andhrapradesh, India.
Abstract :- The main objective of this study was to investigate polymorphic behavior of rizatriptan benzoate (RTB) The polymorphs were prepared by solvent evaporation method, by using various solvents like Polyvinyl pyrrolidine ,Tween 80 , Methanol and Polyethylene glycol .We have prepared four different polymorphs of RTB (Form I, Form II, Form III and Form IV). RTB polymorphs were characterized by infra-red absorption spectrum, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy and dissolution studies. It was observed that there was a significant change in the melting point between Form I and Form II when compared with RTB. Rizatriptan benzoate polymorphs prepared with TW 80 showed better dissolution. The mechanism of drug release was analyzed using zero order, first order, Peppas and, Hixson-Crowell models.
Key words:- Rizatriptan Benzoate, Polymorphs, Dissolution profiles