DocumentsDate added
Research article:- * P.B.AYOOLA1, O.O.ONAWUMI2 and O.O.P.FABOYA2.
1.Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology,P.M.B.4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
2.Department of Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology,P.M.B.4000,Ogbomoso,Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract:-Sample of Tetracarpidium conophorum seeds (Nigerian walnut) was analysed for Proximate composition, Phytochemical composition, Vitamins and Mineral constituents. The result of proximate analysis shows that the raw seeds contained 41.5% moisture, 4.28% fat,7.34% fibre,21.65% protein, 5.27% Ash and 19.96% carbohydrate. The phytochemical screening and subsequent quantification revealed the presence of bioactive compounds. Tannin, 0.089mg/kg, Alkaloid, 2.380mg/kg and Gallic acid, 0.024mg/kg. There were no traces of saponin, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, ellagic acid and caffeinic acid. The mineral analysis revealed the constituents to be K, 6250mg/kg, Na, 4830mg/kg, Ca, 4337.5mg/kg, Mg, 1711.25mg/kg, Fe, 110mg/kg, Zn, 40.10mg/kg, Mn, 22.00mg/kg, Cu, 16.45mg/kg,. Vitamin composition results showed that the seed contained Thiamine (B1) 0.06μg/100g, Ascorbic acid (C) 4.15μg/100g, Riboflavin (B2) 0.02μg/g, Niacin, 0.05μg/100g, Cyanocobalamin (B12) ,0.12μg/100g. The results proved that Tetracarpidium conophorum seed is a food and could be a potential source of useful drugs formulation.
Key words :- Tetracarpidium conophorum, Coula edulis, phytochemical, nutrient, seed.
Research article:- *Cheraladhan E. Sambandam1 Sejal N. Sailor2 Jagatheesan Alagesan3
*1.Cheraladhan E. Sambandam, Assistant Professor, College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, India.
2.Sejal N. Sailor, PG Student, College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, India.
3.Jagatheesan Alagesan, Associate Professor, College of Physiotherapy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Vadodara, India.
Abstract:- Background & Objective: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease causing disability. Current physical therapy management for knee OA is aiming to increase range of motion and improve functional performance. The purpose of this study is to find out the effectiveness of mobilization technique either Mulligan’s Mobilization or Maitland Mobilization for improving the unilateral tibiofemoral joint ROM and functional performance in of unilateral osteoarthritis. Methods: Sixty subjects with osteoarthritis of Tibiofemoral joint were selected for the study and randomly divided in to three groups of 20 subjects. Group A received Mulligan mobilization, Group B received Maitland Mobilization and Group C received conventional treatment. ROM was measured by Goniometry and functional performance was measured by WOMAC scale pre and post treatment by blinded tester. Results: Intragroup comparison of ROM showed significant improvement in three group but Mulligan group showed very highly significant (p< 0.001) improvement. WOMAC score showed significant (p=0.005) improvement in all three groups. Conclusion: In this study all groups have shown significant difference in improving ROM, and improving functional performance but mulligan group showed more improvement than Maitland group and control group.
Keywords:- Tibiofemoral Osteoarthritis, Mulligan Mobilization, Maitland Mobilization.
Research article:- * Jahir Alam Khan1, Naveen Kumar2
1.R&D division, MRD LifeSciences (P) Ltd., Lucknow,U.P, India.
2.Sai Nath Group of Education, Agra,U.P,India.
Abstract:-In the present study ethanolic and methanolic extracts of leaves of Piper betel were screened for antibacterial properties against pathogenic bacteria namely Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Both the extracts were effective against the used pathogens but methanolic extracts were found to be more effective in comparison to ethanolic extracts. Methanolic extracts showed maximum zone of inhibition of 25mm against Staphylococcus aureus followed by a zone of 17.5mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 15mm against Escherichia coli. Ethanolic extracts showed a maximum zone of 17mm against Escherichia coli followed by a zone of 16mm against Staphylococcus aureus and 14mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. MIC was found to be ranging between 0.0021mg/ml to 8.196 mg/ml in both the extract.
Key words:- Piper betel, antibacterial properties, ethanolic extracts, methanolic extracts, agar well diffusion.
Review article:- I.N. Krishna Teja, N. Vishal Gupta*, Srirupa Biswas, H.V. Gangadharappa, T.M. Pramod Kumar, M. Sujith Kumar .
Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS University, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagar, Mysore – 570015, Karnataka, India.
Abstract:-The objective of this study was to compile GMP requirements for tablet manufacturing facilities of regulated countries and rest of the world countries. GMP covers all aspects of production, from the starting materials, premises, equipment and training and personal hygiene to staff. Detailed written procedures are essential for each process of manufacturing of tablet that could affect the quality of the finished product. Implementation of GMP is an investment in good quality medicines. This will improve the health of the individual patient and the community, as well as benefiting the pharmaceutical industry and health professionals. This work helps in bringing the awareness about the manufacturing requirements as per India and EU. It demonstrates industry and regulatory authority’s support for an effective pharmaceutical quality system to enhance the quality and availability of medicines around the world in the interest of public health. Implementation of GMP throughout the product lifecycle should facilitate innovation and continual improvement and strengthen the link between pharmaceutical development and manufacturing activities. It also helps in increasing the process efficiency and product quality by adopting the current, risk-based manufacturing approach and in turn optimizes manufacturing process and improves quality of the end-product.
Keywords:-GMP, Tablet, India, EU.
Research article:- *Abeysinghe Pushpa D. 1 and Weeraddana Chaminda De S.2.
1Ph.D, 2 M. Sc. Department of Botany, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka.
Abstract:-The secondary metabolites of the young leaves of Avicennia marina were obtained by sequential Soxhlet extracts with petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol and water as solvents. Antibacterial activity against antibiotic resistance and pathogenic bacterial species of Staphylococcus and Proteus was screened by agar diffusion technique and paper disk method. The extracts exhibited different degree of growth inhibition against tested bacterial strains. Ethyl acetate extract exhibited the highest antibacterial activity while water extract did not show any growth inhibition. The extracts of A. marina when purified with activated charcoal showed more inhibition than the untreated extracts. Components of young leaf extracts were separated by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The results of TLC analysis of petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate and ethanol Soxhlet extracts of A. marina may be a mixture of 4, 8, 4 and 4 respectively. The results of the two dimensional TLC analysis for the chloroform extract isolated from the Soxhlet plant extracts of A. marina may be a mixture of twenty components. Chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts were fractionated using column chromatography and obtained fourteen, seven and seven fractions respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed that young leaf of A. marina contained alkaloids, steroids. Phytochemical screening of Soxhlet extracts of chloroform contained alkaloids and steroids/triterpenoids. Ethyl acetate and ethanol extract contained steroids/ triterpenoids and alkaloids respectively. Chemical tests revealed that fractions obtained from column chromatography of chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol extracts contained carbonyl groups and chloroform extract contained phenolic groups.
Key Words:- Antibacterial activity, A. marina, extracts, growth inhibition metabolites, TLC