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Research article:- Onyekwe N. G.1; Ilodigwe E. E.1; Ajaghaku D. L.1; Esimone C. O.2
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Agulu, Anambra state, Nigeria .
2Department of Pharmaceutical microbiology/ Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Agulu, Anambra state, Nigeria.
Abstract:- The acute and subchronic toxicities of the ethanol root extract of Psidium guajava, a popular Nigeria traditional aphrodisiac was investigated. For the acute toxicity study, 1000-5000mg/kg of the ethanol root extract were orally administered to rats and obvious toxic symptoms and mortality 24 hours post-administration of the extract were determined. The median lethal dose (LD50) of the extract was determined. In subchronic study, 150-1200mg/kg of the extract were orally administered daily for 90 days. The food and water consumption, body weight changes, as well as haematological and biochemical parameters were determined periodically. The phytochemical constituents of the extract were also investigated. Phytochemical constituents revealed the presence of saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids and tannins. The estimated LD50 of the extract was 1352mg/kg. During the period of the study, the animals showed signs of anorexia, weakness and sluggishness and significant (p<0.05) reduction in body weight; and mortality from the group receiving the highest dose of the extract was observed. The effects on haemoglobin concentration, PCV and RBC were non-significant (p>0.05) but there was significant dose-time dependent elevation of the WBC counts. The extract caused significant elevation in serum liver enzymes, AST, ALT and ALP. Hepatic photomicrographs showed dose-time dependent toxicities Industrial Relevance: Impotence, weak libido and erectile dysfunction may require life-long management. In resource poor communities, aphrodisiac agents are not readily accessible. The use of medicinal plants especially Psidium guajava root is popular in Nigeria because it is readily available, cheap and relatively free from obvious adverse effects. The results of the resent study will enable the industry to produce from natural products an effective aphrodisiac that is affordable with little or no side effect.
Key words: P. guajave, toxicity, liver enzymes, haematological and histological indices.
Research article:- *Nagoba Shivappa N.1 , Purushotham Rao K.2, Zakaullah S.3 .
1Karpagam University, Coimbatore (T.N.) India.
2H.K.E.’s College of Pharmacy, Gulbarga (Karnataka) India.
3Al-Badar Rural Dental College & Hospital, Gulbarga (Karnataka) India.
Abstract:- The present investigation aims to design, prepare and evaluate the medicated candy based tablet lozenges of Clotrimazole for paediatric, geriatric and Dysphagic patients and to investigate the suitability of Isomalt and/or liquid glucose as the sugar substitute in the prepared lozenges. The candy based lozenges were prepared by heating and congealing method in a candy based industry on request with sugar base, Acacia, citric acid artificial flavours and colours and other essential excipients. The prepared medicated lozenges were characterized for drug content uniformity, hardness, thickness, weight variation, friability, moisture content, in vitro disintegration and dissolution by pharmaceutical standard methods. Accelerated stability study conducted as per ICH guidelines (zone IV) at 45°C and 75% relative humidity over a period of seven weeks found that there wasn’t any substantial interaction between the drugs, flavor and color and the prepared formulations were stable.
Keywords:- Clotrimazole, lozenges, oral thrush.
Research article:- *R P Mishra1, Mohammad Arshad2 and Abdul Sami2 .
1R&D Division, MRD LifeSciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
2Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Abstract:-Rosa indica leaves, stem and flowers were screened against various pathogenic bacterial strains to study the antimicrobial properties of the plant. Methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of plant parts were screened by agar well diffusion method against E. coli, P. aeuginosa and S. aureus, respectively. Methanolic extracts of rose petals, leaves and stem were found to have good antibacterial properties against the entire test microorganisms selected in the study, while ethyl acetate extract showed activity against P. aeruginosa only. Rose flower was found best source for antibacterial activity against the microorganisms.
Keywords:- Rosa indica, E. coli, S. aureus, antibacterial properties, antibiogram.
Research article:- * Sayak Ganguli, Rahul Banik, Aditi Gangopadhyay and Abhijit Datta .
DBT CENTRE FOR BIOINFORMATICS, PRESIDENCY UNIVERSITY, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata 700073 India.
Abstract :- Machado-Joseph Disease and Alzheimer’s disease both are neurodegenerative disorders. MJD or SCA3 is a movement disorder and AD patients suffer from mental illness, depression, and dementia. MJD belongs to a class of genetic disorder called triplet repeat diseases. The mutant gene possesses increased number of CAG trinucleotide repeat which produces a mutated protein called ATAXIN3 and AD and this is due to hypophosphorylated microtubule associated protein Tau. The two proteins were modeled using modeller and then checked for protein quality. Then herbal lead compounds and their analogs were identified and screened with the target protein and energy values were compared. Results indicate that more than one herbal lead compounds could serve as potent inhibitors of mutated Tau and ATAXIN.
Keywords:- ATAXIN3, Tau, Modeller, Docking, ChemSketch, Herbal Ligands, Analogs
Case Report:- * Dr. Niranjan M R1, Dr. Shetty shivakumar.M2, Dr. Jayasheelan. M. R3.
1MD, (General Medicine), DNB, MNAMS ,Assistant Professor, Dept. Of Medicine, Hassan Institute of Medical Sciences, Hassan 573201, Karnataka, India.
2MD, (General Medicine), Professor of Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
3MD, (General Medicine), DNB, Senior resident, Dept. Of Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
Abstract :- Takayasu arteritis is a rare chronic large vessel vasculitis primarily affecting the aorta and its main branches. Pulmonary arteries involvement is well described in Takayasu's arteritis. We report the case of a 40-year old male patient with Takayasu arteritis who presented with features of right heart failure and found to have severe left pulmonary trunk stenosis resulting in pulmonary hypertension and also with focal abdominal aortitis causing narrowing of left common iliac artery and resulted in left lower limb ischemia and gangrene, which made him to undergo above knee amputation. In our case the aortic arch and main branches were spared. Though the involvement of pulmonary artery is known, the presentation of features of right heart failure was the rarity in our case.
Keywords:- Takayasu arteritis, aorta, pulmonary artery, right heart failure.