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Clinical case study:-Dental Sciences
* Bhatia Archana 1 , Bains Sandeep Kumar2, Battu Virinder Singh 3
*1 Senior lecturer, Department of Periodontology and Oral implantology Dasmesh Institute of Research and Dental Sciences, Faridkot(Punjab),India.
2 M.D.S(Senior lecturer) Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Swami Devi Dayal Dental College, Barwala, Haryana, India.
3 Retired Professor, Department of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, National Dental College & Hospital, Gulabgarh, Derabassi, Distt. SAS nagar, Mohali (Punjab),India.
Abstract:-Background: Controlled local delivery of disinfecting agents has been demonstrated to be efficient in improving the outcome of periodontal therapy. Aims: The aim of present study was to evaluate the efficacy of a controlled-release biodegradable chlorhexidine chip (Periocol CG) when used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis. Study Design: Study was carried out as randomized controlled two group parallel clinical trial. Material and method: Forty patients in the age group of 30-65 years suffering from chronic periodontitis, having pocket depth ranging between 5-8mm were selected for the study. At screening visit complete history taking, periodontal examination and full mouth supragingival scaling was done for each patient. At baseline visit, all clinical parameters were recorded at selected sites and patients were randomly assigned to either control group (group A) or the treatment group (group B). All patients in the both groups received complete subgingival scaling and root planing. Then in group B, chlorhexidine chip (Periocol CG) was inserted at the selected site. Patients were recalled at 1month, 2 months and 3 months from the baseline for recording clinical observations. Results: There was statistically significant clinical attachment gain, reduction in bleeding index scores and probing pocket depth reduction in both the groups but group B showed better results than group A and these differences were statistically significant. Conclusions: The results of this study show that chlorhexidine chip (PerioCol-CG) is an effective adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
Keywords:- Antimicrobial agents, chlorhexidine chip (Periocol-CG), local drug delivery systems, periodontitis.
Research article:-
*Roya Hassankhani1, Razieh Hassankhani2
1Agricultural Mechanization, Tabriz University, Islamic Republic of Iran.
2Private law, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran.
Abstract:- The agricultural industry is a dangerous one. It is characterized by a combination of factors which increase the potential for injury. Working alone and time pressure also increase the risk of injury. When these injuries occur, especially at critical farming times, they can reduce farm revenues. Losing a limb and the resulting loss of productive work time can devastate both the short and the long-term profitability of a farm operation. If in performing the farm works the workers miscarried the civil liability of employer is discussed. In this article the civil liability of employer relate to harming act and cause and delinquency is discussed.
Keywords:- Agricultural machinery, Employee, Employer, Wounded worker
Research article:- Medical microbiology
*Sangamesh M Malaji1., Gopal Bajaj.1 S.A.Kora.2, Satish Biradar.2, Renuprasad Chikkamath.3 1Assistant Prof., 2 Associate professor, 3 PG student, Department of Microbiology, S.Nijalingappa Medical College and H.S.K.Hospital & Research Center, Bagalkot, India.
Abstract:- Background and objectives: One of the common complaints of HIV infected patients is diarrhoea. Enteric parasites are major cause of diarrhoea in HIV infected individuals. The present study was undertaken to detect enteric parasites in HIV infected patients with diarrhoea at different levels of immunity. Methods: The study was carried out at S.N.M.C & H.S.K Hospital between June 2011to March 2012 among consecutively enrolled 50 HIV infected patients presenting with diarrhoea. Stool samples were collected and examined for enteric parasites by microscopy and special staining methods. Results:- Intestinal parasitic pathogens were detected in 44% patients, and the major pathogens included Cryptosporidium parvum (20%) the most common followed by Isospora belli (10%), Entamoeba histolytica (8%). In HIV infected patients with CD4 count <200cells/µl, C. parvum was the most commonly observed(54%) pathogen. Proportion of opportunistic pathogens in patients with CD4 count <200cells/µl was higher as compared with other two groups of patients with CD4 count 200-400 and CD4 count >400cells/µl. Interpretation and conclusions: Parasitic infections were detected in 44% HIV infected patients and low CD4 count was significantly associated with opportunistic infection. Detection of etiologic pathogens might help clinicians decide appropriate management strategies.
Key Words:- Diarrhoea- HIV – opportunistic parasites.
Research article:-
Ajay Patil1, Vijay Bhawe,1 Jagannath J Kadam2,K.George A3 and Manohar V Lokhande4 1Department of Chemistry, Bhavan’s College , Andheri (W),Mumbai 400058, India. 2Department of Chemistry, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Engineering, Navi Mumbai-400614,India. 3Department of Chemistry, SIES College, Sion (W) Mumbai-400022, India. 4Department of Chemistry, Sathaye College, Vile Parle (E) Mumbai-400057, India.
Abstract:- The paper describes the synthesis of Hydrochlorothiazide which shows great therapeutic use as diuretic i.e. anything that promotes the formation of urine by kidney. Diuretics cause a person to ‘lose water’. They do so by diverse means including. The synthesis was carried out using four different hydrotropes. The effect of various hydrotropes on yield, rate constant and activation energy at various temperatures and concentrations were studied.
Key words:- Hydrotropes, Xylene sulfonic acid (XSA), Cumene sulfonic acid (CSA), (n-BBSA): n-Butyl benzene sulfonic acid (n-BBSA), Isobutyl benzene sulfonic acid (I-BBSA), 1H NMR, IR.
Research article:- Biochemistry
Oseni Lateef A.* and Yussif Issah.
Department of Applied chemistry & Biochemistry, University For Development Studies, P.O. Box 24, Navrongo, Ghana.
Abstract:- The increased incidence of bacteria resistance to many antibacterial drugs is of great concern and medicinal plants have proven as an alternative source of antibacterial agents. Taraxacum officinale is a stemless herb used as food vegetable and medicine. The plant is found chiefly as a persistent weed in many temperate regions. Previous reports show that the leaves of T. officinale contain bioactive components. In the current research, the ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of T. officinale were screened for phytochemicals and in vitro antibacterial activity. Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoneae, Pseudomonas auregenosa and Staphylococcus aureus were used as test organisms. Data was analyzed using Mann-Whitney U-test and P values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Preliminary phytochemical screening of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of T. officinale revealed the presence of saponins, phenolics, triterpenes tannins, phytosteroids and reducing sugar some of which have been reported to be bioactive. The bacterial growth inhibition activity of the extracts was evaluated using agar well diffusion method at concentrations ranging from 50mg/ml to 200mg/ml. At concentration 200mg/ml, the ethanolic leaf extract showed inhibition against only E. coli and S. aureus with mean diameter of zone of inhibition of 23.50±1.00 mm and 10.75±1.50 mm respectively. At concentration 100mg/ml, the mean diameter zone of inhibition for the ethanolic extract were 16.00±2.83 mm and 9.00±0.82 mm against E. coli and S. aureus respectively. At concentration 50mg/ml, the ethanolic leaf extract showed inhibition against only E. coli with mean diameter of the zone of inhibition of 10.50±1.00 mm. The aqueous extract on the other hand showed inhibition against E. coli only at 200mg/ml and 100mg/ml. The result reveals that antibacterial activities of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extract of T. officinale were concentration dependent. The result further suggests that the ethanolic extract of T. officinale was the most active compared with the aqueous extract. Of the bacteria tested, E. coli was the most susceptible to the extracts. In conclusion, both aqueous and ethanolic extract of T. officinale possess significant (P < 0.05) antibacterial activity and may be very useful in the discovery of novel antibacterial agents.
Keywords:- Antibacterial assay, Taraxacum officinale, agar well diffusion, Phytocompounds