DocumentsDate added
An Over view
DV Muralidhara1, Krithika D Muralidhara2*
1PhD, (Professor of Physiology), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia. 2*MBBS, MD, (Senior Registrar), Fr Muller Medical College, Mangalore, India.
Abstract:- A child is born with incompletely developed organ systems of the body that may not be functionally mature. One of the most important functions that would be compromised is body temperature regulation, particularly so in the premature babies. This may be very crucial as babies have to adapt from a warm temperature to low ambient temperatures immediately after birth. Many clinical studies that have reported thermoregulatory deficiencies in premature babies support such views. There are many factors involved in thermoregulation. However, nature has provided a natural thermoregulatory system in the form of brown adipose tissue (BAT), especially in the infants that plays a vital role. BAT has also gained a lot importance in energy regulation in humans. An overview of the role of BAT in infants is presented in this article.
Keywords:-Brown adipose tissue, thermoregulation, infants.
Research article:-Anatomy
* C.Venkatramaniah¹, A.Mary Antony Praba² and Dr. Girija Sivakumar3.
¹Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences, Pondy, India.
²Assistant Professor, Department of Anatomy, Tagore Medical College, Chennai, India.
3Professor, Department of Anatomy, Karpagavinayaka Institute of Medical Sciences, Chennai, India.
Abstract:- Epilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder characterized by seizures and affecting up to 1% - 2% of the population. Temporal lobe epilepsy is a major form of focal epilepsy. Herewith we produced a model of temporal lobe epilepsy by stereotaxically induced microliters of kainic acid into the right hippocampus. Animals were divided into 8 groups, vehicle control, lesion control, AC 15, AC 25, AC 35, BA 10, BA 15 and BA 20. Except the vehicle control and the lesion control group all the other groups of animals were given Calamus oil and Beta Asarone in different concentrations based on their group names. The behaviors of the animals were assessed by using Cook’s pole climbing apparatus. The vehicle control group of animals behaved normally. The lesion control animals exhibit epileptic seizure and was not performing in the pole climbing apparatus. The AC 15, BA 10 and BA 15 group of animals performed poorly as they did not climb the pole for all the ten times and they were more fearing than climbing the pole. The animal belongs to AC 25, AC 35 and BA 20 were climbed the pole immediately after hearing the buzzer sound and finished all the ten buzzers successfully. These data supports the neuroprotection of Acorus calamus and it’s principle component Beta Asarone.
Key Words:- AC= Calamus oil, BA = Beta Asarone, CAR= Conditioned avoidance response, VC= Vehicle control, LC= Lesion control, LD 50= Lethal dose 50, IP=Intraperitoneal.
Research article:-Community Medicine.
1*Gupta Sanjay Kumar MD, 2Varshney Atul MS, 3J. Thomas Mathew MD, DM,4 Gaur Neeraj ,5Anil J. Purty MD, DNB, 6Joy Bazroy MD
1*Associate Professor, 4Assistant Professor, Department of Community Medicine, 2Associate Professor Orthopedics, Peoples college of Medical sciences and Research Bhopal-India. 3Associate Professor, Department of Nephrology, 5Professor, 6Associate Professor ,Department of Community Medicine Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS) Kalapet Pondicherry-14,India.
Abstract:- Introduction:-About 5% of all hospital admission in the USA are kidney problems related and this problem is comparatively higher in India. A relatively higher proportion of cases are either missed or present late with complication, in children 4% of cases were due to acute post streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Objective:-To estimate the prevalence of renal diseases in the rural community. Methodology:-To study the prevalence of renal diseases in the rural community of Pondicherry. We were selected the rural area having a population of 13,256 under the Primary Health Centre (PHC, Katterikuppam). Result:–Of the 1140 individuals studied, the majority were found to be in the age group of 15-35 (51.5 percent). Two thirds of the individuals surveyed were females (65.6 percent). A family history of kidney disease was present only in 3.7 percent of cases. The most common symptom was dysuria (5.26 percent) followed by oedema (3.77 percent).4.71percent of individuals were found to have swelling of feet and 0.8 percent swelling of the face.23.34 percent of the people were found to have hypertension, 6.75 percent positive for urine sugar and 3.24 percent for urine albumin, 96.6 percent of them had no significant past history. Two ages peak were found regarding renal disease in study area, one between 25 – 35 years of age and second 56 years & above, significant correlation were found in hypertension & Proteinuria, renal diseases were significantly higher in diabetes mellitus group. Conclusion:-Of the 1140 individuals studied, the majority were found to be in the age group of 15-35 (51.5 percent), two thirds of the individuals surveyed were females (65.6 percent). Two ages peak were found regarding renal disease in study area, one between 25 – 35 years of age and second 56 years & above. Significant correlation were found in hypertension & proteinuria, renal diseases were significantly higher in diabetes mellitus group.
Key Words:- Renal disease, rural area, hypertension &glycosuria, family history.
Research article:-Preventive and social medicine
Gandha Kapil M1*, Dhaduk Kishor M2 and Yadav Sudha B3
1,2Assistant Professor,3Professor and Head of the Department, Community Medicine Department, M P Shah Medical College, Jamnagar, Gujarat, India.
Abstract:-Back ground: Various levels of health care workers (post graduate students, medical officers, paramedical staffs, and field worker) are at risk of exposure to HIV virus in their day to day practice. Objective: to assess the knowledge related to post exposure prophylaxis in case of exposure to potentially infectious fluid or needle stick injuries. Materials and methods: interview with pre structured pre tested proforma. Results: Only 28.19% (N= 188) of the study subjects knew correctly that needle-stick injuries should be reported to the concerned authority. But only 20.74% of the study subjects had knowledge regarding time of initiation of PEP. 61% of the total study subjects were in favour of getting HIV testing done following needle-stick injuries. Conclusion:-KAP-gap has been observed among various levels of health care workers.
Key words:-HIV, AIDS, Needle Stick Injury, Fluid Exposure, Post Exposure Prophylaxis, Prevention.
Case Report:-Cardiology
Ashwini Aithal P, MSc1., Naveen Kumar, MSc2*., Satheesha Nayak B, MSc, Ph.D3.
1,2,3 Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College (Manipal Campus), Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka State, India- 576104.
Abstract:-Background: The omohyoid muscle is one of the infrahyoid muscles of the neck. It has superior and inferior bellies and an intermediate tendon. Variations in the omohyoid muscle are quite rare. Main observations: We report a case where the superior belly of the omohyoid muscle was absent. Its inferior belly originated from the upper border of scapula near suprascapular notch and passed across the posterior triangle, behind the sternocleidomastoid muscle. The muscle then blended with the fascia of the sternocleidomastoid muscle on its posterior surface. It was supplied by the ansa cervicalis. Due to the absence of the superior belly, division of the anterior triangle of the neck was incomplete. Conclusions: The omohyoid is important in radical neck dissections because it is the surgical landmark for level III and IV lymph node metastases. Thus, knowledge of anomalies of this muscle is important to minimize the complications during the surgical procedures of the cervical region.
Keywords:-Infrahyoid muscles, omohyoid muscle, absence of superior belly.